精英家教网 > 高中英语 > 题目详情
14.Directions:Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph.There is on e extra heading which you do not need.
A.Varieties of college dictionaries
B.Accessing dictionaries electronically
C.Elements under a word item
D.Complete editions of dictionaries
E.Using dictionaries for particular fields
F.Features of college dictionaries
80.F
You're probably most familiar with college dictionaries,often called abridged dictionaries.Although abridged means"shortened",these dictionaries contain more than 150.000entries and provide detailed definitions that are sufficient for most college students and general users.College dictionaries also contain separate lists of abbreviations.Biographical and geographical names,foreign words and phrases.And tables of measures.Webster'sⅡNew Riverside University Dictionary and the American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language are college dictionaries.
81.Dunabridged dictionaries contain as many as 500,000entries and provide detailed definitions and extensive word histories (etymologies).These dictionaries,possibly in several volumes and mostly found in libraries,are excellent sources for scholarly inquiries.Unabridged dictionaries include the Oxford English Dictionary and the Random House Dictionary of the English Language.
82.C
A dictionary entry has many elements:multiple definitions,syllabication,preferred spelling and pronunciation (some word have more than one acceptable spelling and pronunciation),and part-of-speech labels.Some entries also include plurals and capitalized forms.Synonyms,antonyms,and derivatives.Americanisms and etymologies may be provide along with usage notes,cross-references,and idioms.

83.B
If you prefer using the dictionary on a computer,you can obtain CD-ROM versions of many major dictionaries.In addition,you can access numerous dictionaries,such as WWWebster's Dictionary,on the Internet.Online dictionaries allow you to enter a search word (you even get help with spelling ) to see a definition,and sometimes even an illustration.Online dictionaries also offer additional features,such as word games.Language tips,and amusing facts about words.Some online dictionary services allow you to access numerous dictionaries,both general and specialized,in on search.

84.E
Specialized dictionaries provide in-depth information about a certain field.For example there are dictionaries for the specialized vocabularies of law,computer technology,and medicine.In addition,there are dictionaries of synonyms,clichés,slang,and even regional expressions.Such as the Dictionary of American Regional English(DARE).There are also dictionaries of foreign languages,famous people's names,literary characters'names and place names.

分析 本文主要介绍各种字典的特点,既介绍了已删节的字典,也介绍了未删节的字典,还介绍了电子字典和在线字典的优点及专业化的字典.

解答 80.F 考查上下文理解判断能力.根据本段中College dictionaries also contain separate lists of abbreviations,biographical and geographical names,foreign words and phrases,and tables of measures可知,大学字典包含了缩写,传记和地理名字,外国单词和短语等,即:主要叙述了大学字典的特点.故选F.
81.D 考查上下文理解判断能力.根据本段中Unabridged dictionaries contain as many as 500,000 entries and provide detailed definitions and extensive word histories (etymologies).可知,未删节的字典包含多达五十万条词语,提供详细的定义和大量的词源,即:完整的字典版本.故选D.
82.C 考查上下文理解判断能力.根据下文A dictionary entry has many elements:multiple definitions,syllabication,preferred spelling …字典条文有许多项目:多项定义,划分音节,喜好的拼写等,即:介绍了字典下的条目,故选C.
83.B 考查上下文理解判断能力.根据下文If you prefer using the dictionary on a computer,you can obtain CD-ROM versions of many major dictionaries.In addition,you can access numerous electronic dictionaries,…可知,使用电子字典和在线字典,即:介绍了如何能够使用电子字典.故选B.
84.E 考查上下文理解判断能力.根据下文Specialized dictionaries provide in-depth information about a certain field可知,专业化的字典提供一定特定领域的信息,即:特定领域的字典,故选E.

点评 七选五题型看似简单,实际上有时完全作对并不容易,需要方法和分析能力及足够的耐力,有必要进行专门练习.首先,快速浏览一遍七个备选答案,先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置.其次,快速浏览文章,确定文章体裁,抓住文章结构,分析篇章结构,找出各段的主题句或主旨大意.其三,注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段,寻找句中衔接标志词,七选五备选答案中有两个多余的选项,会对文章中两个空的选择构成干扰,这时要特别细致地比对相似选项.最后,用代入法,检查答案是否合理,将所有选择答案放回空白处,通读全文,检查文章内容是否语义连贯合理、紧扣主题,语篇结构是否通顺连贯、具有一致性、合乎逻辑,写作思路是否清晰明了,格式以及用语是否恰当贴切,从而判断选择的答案是否正确.

练习册系列答案
相关习题

科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:填空题

4.The idea that animals can sense earthquakes is a popular one,and stories about animals'strange behavior before earthquakes have been told for centuries.Catfish moving violently,chickens that stop laying eggs and bees leaving their hive in a panic have been reported.Countless pet owners claimed to have witnessed their cats and dogs acting strangely before the ground shook-barking or whining(哀叫) for no reason,or showing signs of nervousness and restlessness.
Can humans use animals as earthquake detectors(探测器)?Debate over whether or not animals can truly sense earthquakes has not solved the question.Support for the idea that animals can sense earthquakes includes studies which suggest that animals may be able to feel the Earth vibrate(振动) before humans.Other ideas suggest that animals may sense electrical changes in the air or gas released from the Earth which could be indicators(预示) of an earthquake.
However,other researchers think the animals'ability is very doubtful.Some scientists feel that there is no strong scientific evidence to support the idea that animals can sense earthquakes.They say that it is difficult to develop a controlled study which can connect a specific animal behavior with an earthquake occurrence.They suggest that human psychology may have an effect on pet owners,as they may want to attribute(归于) powers of sensing earthquakes to their animals.Others have also pointed out that animals react to so many things-being hungry,defending their land,mating,enemies…And if an earthquake can shake millions of people,it is likely that a few of their pets will,by chance,be acting strangely before an earthquake.
Whether or not animals can sense earthquakes before humans do remains to be seen.
   
Phenomenon Animals(71)behave/actstrangely before earthquakes.
ExamplesCatfish move violentl y,chickens stop laying eggs and bees(72)leavetheir hive.
Cats and dogs feel(73)nervous  and restless.
Different (74)opinions/views/ideasabout the mysterySome researchers support it.Some researchers (75)doubtit.
ArgumentsAnimals can feel the Earth's vibration(76)ahead  of humans.
Animals can sense electrical changes in the air or gas.
It's difficult to conduct a study on the (77)connectionbetween animals'behavior and earthquakes.
Pet owners may be (78)affected by their psychology.
Many things can(79)result  in animals'strange behavior.
(80)ConclusionWhether or not animals can sense earthquakes is unknown.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:填空题

5.We should know our own strengths and weaknesses(弱点)and think what could be done about them.weaknesses.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:选择题

2.-I don't  care what people think.
-Well,you         (  )
A.couldB.wouldC.shouldD.might

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:选择题

9.Now that we've discussed our problem,are people happy with the decisions        ?(  )
A.takingB.takeC.takenD.to take

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解

19.Andrew Ritchie,inventor of the Brompton folding bicycle,once said that the perfect portable bike would be"like a magic carpet…You could fold it up and put it into your pocket or handbag".Then he paused:"But you'll always be limited by the size of the wheels.And so far no one has invented a folding wheel."
It was a rare-indeed unique-occasion when I was able to put Ritchie right.A 19th-century inventor,William Henry James Grout,did in fact design a folding wheel.His bike,predictably named the Grout Portable,had a frame that split into two and a larger wheel that could be separated into four pieces.All the bits fitted into Grout's Wonderful Bag,a leather case.
Grout's aim:to solve the problems of carrying a bike on a train.Now doesn't that sound familiar?Grout intended to find a way of making a bike small enough for train travel:his bike was a huge beast.And importantly,the design of early bicycles gave him an advantage:in Grout's day,tyres were solid,which made the business of splitting a wheel into four separate parts relatively simple.You couldn't do the same with a wheel fitted with a one-piece inflated (充气的) tyre.
So,in a 21st-century context,is the idea of the folding wheel dead?It is not.A British design engineer,Duncan Fitzsimons,has developed a wheel that can be squashed into something like a slender ellipse (椭圆).Throughout,the tyre remains inflated.
Will the young Fitzsimons's folding wheel make it into production?I haven't the foggiest idea.But his inventiveness shows two things.First,people have been saying for more than a century that bike design has reached its limit,except for gradual advances.It's as silly a concept now as it was 100years ago:there's plenty still to go for.Second,it is in the field of folding bikes that we are seeing the most interesting inventions.You can buy a folding bike for less than£1,000that can be knocked down so small that it can be carried on a plane-minus wheels,of course-as hand baggage.
Folding wheels would make all manner of things possible.Have we yet got the magic carpet of Andrew Ritchie's imagination?No.But it's progress.

69.We can infer from Paragraph 1that the Brompton folding bikeA.
A.was portable
B.had a folding wheel
C.could be put in a pocket
D.looked like a magic carpet
70.We can learn from the text that the wheels of the Grout PortableC.
A.were difficult to separate
B.could be split into 6pieces
C.were fitted with solid tyres
D.were hard to carry on a train
71.We can learn from the text that Fitzsimons's inventionA.
A.kept the tyre as a whole piece
B.was made into production soon
C.left little room for improvement
D.changed our views on bag design
72.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?C
A.Three folding bike inventors
B.The making of a folding bike
C.Progress in folding bike design
D.Ways of separating a bike wheel.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解

6.Have you ever noticed the colour of the water in a river or stream after a heavy rainfall?What do you think caused this change in colour?It is soil that has been washed into the river from the riverbank or from t}le nearby fields.
Components of Soil  Soil is made up of a number of layers(层),each having its own distinctive colour and texture.The upper layer is known as the litter.It acts like a blanket.limiting temperature changes and reducing water loss.The topsoil layer is made up of small particles of rock mixed with rotten plant and animal matter called humus(腐殖质),which is black and gives the topsoil its dark colour.This layer is usually rich in nutrients,oxygen,and water.Below the topsoil is the subsoil,a layer that contains more stones mixed with only small amounts of organic matter.This layer is lighter in colour because of the lack of humus.Beneath the soil lies a layer of bedrock.
  Soil forms from the bottom up.Over time bedrock is attacked by rain,wind,frost,and snow.It is gradually broken down into smaller particles in a process called weathering.Plants begin to grow,and rotten materials enrich the topsoil.Most of the soil in Eastern Canada.for example.Was formed from weathered rock that was exposed when the ice disappeared l2,000years ago.
Water Beneath the Soil  Surface water collects and flows above the ground in lakes.ponds.and rivers.Once in the soil or rock,it is called groundwater.Gravity pulls groundwater through the soil in a process called percolation(渗透).Eventually the water reaches a layer called the water table.Under this is bedrock through which water cannot percolate.
  As water percolates downward,it dissolves organic matter and minerals from the soil and carries them to deeper layers.This causes a serious problem because plants require these nutrients for growth.
Soil pH  Soil can be acidic.neutral.or basic.The pH of the soil is determined by the nature of the rock from which it was formed.and by the nature of the plants that grow and rot in it.
  The acidity of rain and snow can lower the pH of the groundwater that enters the soil.By burning fossil fuels such as coal,oil and gasoline,humans have been contributing to higher levels of acidity in many soils.When fossil fuels are burned.gases are released into the air and then fall back to earth as acid rain.Acid soil increases出e problem of carrying nutrients to lower soil levels.As nutrients are removed,soil is less fertile.Plants grow more slowly in acidic soil,and also become easily attacked by diseases.

67.The layer of soil that provides necessary nutrients for plant growth is called.B
A.1itter
B.topsoil
C.humus
D.subsoil
68.According to the text.which of the following is NOT true?B
A.Soil forms from weathered rock on the earth surface.
B.The deeper layer of soil is darker in colour than the surface soil.
C.Air pollution is partially responsible for acid soil.
D.Groundwater tends to carry away nutrients for plant growth.
69.We can infer from the passage that the water table liesC.
A.between the topsoil layer and the subsoil layer
B.in the subsoil layer above bedrock
C.between the subsoil layer and bedrock
D.in the bedrock layer beneath the subsoil
70.The underlined word"dissolve"is used to express the idea that organic matter and minerals from soil areD.
A.rushed away into the river
B.cleaned and purified by water
C.destroyed and carried away by water
D.mixed with water and become part of it.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:书面表达

17.你很想换一部智能手机(smart phone),但你的父母不同意,请你向他们说明理由.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:选择题

18.We can never expect____bluer sky unless we create____less polluted world.(  )
A.a; aB.a; theC.the; aD.the; the

查看答案和解析>>

同步练习册答案