Question

【题目】Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.

The United Nations’ series of “language days” are designed to promote the use of the six official languages of the UN as well as to celebrate cultural and linguistic diversity (语言多样性). Chinese Language Day is the 20th April. It’s a time chosen to fit in with the Chinese【1】 of Guyu (古语), which honours Cangjie—the four-eyed 【2】 figure who is traditionally understood to have created Chinese characters in the time of the Yellow Emperor, 5000 years ago.

Mandarin (普通话) is the most-spoken language in the world, with over 1.5 billion speakers. When most people think of “Chinese”, it is Mandarin that they are 【3】. But Mandarin Chinese is far from the only variant of the Chinese language—or the only language spoken in China. In fact, there are a great number of Chinese languages. Remember—this is a country which is both very large and very, very old. Different regions are within the 【4】 expanse of territory, that is, China can be 【5】 not only by great distances but also by broadly geographical features such as mountain ranges.

It is hard to guess how many dialects actually exist. In general, dialects can be 【6】 classified into one of the seven large groups: Putonghua (Mandarin), Gan, Kejia (Hakka), Min, Wu, Xiang, and Yue (Cantonese). Each language group contains a large number of dialects.

Understanding the situation is 【7】 by the fact that, while many Chinese people in different geographical areas of the country may not understand each other when they speak their regional dialect, they may share the same written language even if their pronunciation of different characters within that language may【8】.

A 【9】 feature across all Chinese languages is tone. For instance, Mandarin has four tones and Cantonese has six tones. Tone, in terms of language, is the pitch (音高) in which syllables (音节) in words are spoken. In Chinese, different words 【10】 different keys. Some words even have pitch variations in one single syllable.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】H

【3】A

【4】F

【5】B

【6】G

【7】E

【8】C

【9】K

【10】J

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了中国“汉语日”的由来，并介绍了普通话远非汉语的唯一变体。除了普通话还有多种方言。但声调是所有汉语语言的一个显著特征。

【1】考查名词。句意：这是一个适合庆祝中国古语的时候，古语是为了纪念仓颉，仓颉是一个长有四只眼睛的神话人物，人们通常认为他在5000年前的黄帝时代创造了汉字。由“Chinese Language Day is the 20th April”可知，汉语日在4月20日。这是一个与中国古语庆典相适应的时期。Chinese为形容词，修饰名词celebration“庆祝活动”。故填D.

【2】考查形容词。句意：这是一个适合庆祝中国古语的时候，古语是为了纪念仓颉，仓颉是一个长有四只眼睛的神话人物，人们通常认为他在5000年前的黄帝时代创造了汉字。由“four-eyed ”可知，仓颉是长着四肢眼的神话人物。mythical“神话的”为形容词修饰名词figure。故填H.

【3】考查动词。句意：当大多数人想到汉语时，他们想到的是普通话。分析句子可知，Mandarin为先行词，作后面定语从句的宾语。定语从句为现在进行时。所以填picturing“想象”。故填A.

【4】考查形容词。句意：中国幅员辽阔，地域不同，不但被遥远的地域跨度分隔，而且还被广阔的地理特征所分隔，如山脉。本空应填形容词来修饰名词expanse,分析句意可知，空处应填形容词vast“广阔的”来修饰名词expanse。故填F.

【5】考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：中国幅员辽阔，地域不同，不但被遥远的地域跨度分隔，而且被广泛的地理特征所分隔，如山脉。be separated by “被...分隔”符合句意。故填B.

【6】考查副词。句意：一般来说，方言可以大致分为七大类：普通话、赣语、客家语、闽语、吴语、湘语和粤语。roughly“大致”为副词修饰形容词classified。故填G.

【7】考查形容词。句意：理解这种情况是复杂的，由于许多生活在中国不同地理区域的中国人在说他们的方言时可能彼此听不懂，即使他们在该语言中不同汉字的发音可能不同，但他们可能使用相同的书面语言。分析句子可知，本句为主系表结构。分析句意可知，空处填complicated“复杂的”。故填E.

【8】考查动词。句意：理解这种情况是复杂的，由于许多生活在中国不同地理区域的中国人在说他们的方言时可能彼此听不懂，即使他们在该语言中不同汉字的发音可能不同，但他们可能使用相同的书面语言。may为情态动词后接动词原形。分析句意空处填vary“变化”。故填C.

【9】考查形容词。句意：声调是所有汉语的一个显著特征。distinguishing“有区别的”为形容词修饰名词feature。且符合句意。故填K.

【10】考查动词。句意：在汉语中，不同汉字强调不同的声调。空处缺少谓语。分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时。主语为different words,所以谓语为stress“强调”，且符合句意。故填J.