Love it or hate it, there is no escape from Internet slang(俚语).
This is especially true among young people in some English-speaking countries such as Australia, the UK and the US. These days, if they haven’t caught up with the latest popular Internet slang, chances are that they often feel behind the times.
Take these posts by The Washington Post for example: “David Bowie dying is totes tradge” and “When Cookie hugged Jamal, it made me totes emosh. ”
What on earth do these mean? Well, “totes” is a short form of the adverb “totally”. Likewise, “tradge” means “tragic” and “emosh” means “emotional”.
It seems that, for millennials (those born between the early 1980s and late 1990s), typing in this abbreviated form is not only time-saving but also in.
Many millennial slang words are formed by what linguists(语言学家) call the practice of “totesing” —the systematic abbreviation of words, according to a recent article in The Washington Post.
Some people think that millennial slang affects the English language negatively. However, Melbourne University linguist Rosey Billington doesn’t agree.
“When you are able to use language in a creative way, you show you are linguistically knowledgeable because you know the language rules well enough to use words in a different way.” Billington told News.com.au.
Her view is supported by two linguists, Lauren Spradlin and Taylor Jones, from the City University of New York and the University of Pennsylvania respectively. The two believe that totes-speak is a highly-organized system that can only be used by speakers who have mastered English pronunciation.
The ability to break apart syllables(音节) and mix different sounds together is key. “Totesing is about sounds, and it follows the sometimes-complex sound system of English,” Jones told The Washington Post. “Totesing is considered random by some people, but it’s not true. Instead, it has strict rules to follow. You need to be very fluent in the English language to be able to understand totes-speak. ”
1.How does the author explain the meaning of totesing?
A. With comparisons.
B. Through examples.
C. By listing facts.
D. By analyzing causes and effects.
2.What is Lauren Spradlin’s attitude toward the practice of totesing?
A. Worried. B. Indifferent(漠不关心的).
C. Positive. D. Doubtful.
3.The underlined word “random” in the last paragraph probably means _______.
A. complex B. organized
C. irregular D. meaningless
4.What is the main idea of this passage?
A. The reasons why totesing is popular among the young.
B. The ways that the young use in totesing.
C. The popularity of totesing and linguists’ attitude to it.
D. The definition(定义) and practice of totesing.
通城学典默写能手系列答案科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年四川新津中学高二6月月考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：短文改错
短文改错
下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（﹨）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该下面写出修改后的词。
注意： 1. 每句不超过两个错误；
2. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
3. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
While the soldiers began to cross the English Channel, the German fired at them. Twenty men on Boat 5 fell into the water and was picked up by other boats. If they reached the beach, they would probably have been killed
The soldiers on Boat 1 and Boat 4 jumped into the water, most of them drowned. The survivors laid on the beach, exhausting. Later, they tried to climb up the cliff. Four were very tired to reach the top. The other two joined in a group from other company and fought with them. This was Able Company’s contribution to D-Day.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年福建福州第八中学高二下期中英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
There are an extremely large number of ants worldwide. Each individual ant hardly weigh anything, but together they weigh almost the same as all of mankind. They also live nearly everywhere, except on frozen mountain tops or around the Antarctic. For animals their size, ants have been surprisingly successful, largely due to their wonderful social conduct.
In groups that vary in size from a few hundred to tens of millions, they organize their lives with a clear distribution of labor. Even more amazing is how they achieve this level of organization. While we use sound and sight to communicate, ants depend mostly on pheromone (信息素), which is a kind of chemical released by individuals and smelled or tasted by fellow members of a group. When an ant finds food, it produces a pheromone that will lead others straight to where the food is. When an ant comes under attack or is dying, it sends out an alarm pheromone to warn the whole group to prepare for a defensive fight.
In fact, when it comes to the art of war, ants have no equal. They are completely fearless and will take on an animal much larger than themselves, attacking in large groups and beating their target. They show so much devotion to their group that not only soldier ants but also worker ants will sacrifice their lives to help defeat an enemy.
United and devoted, these little animals have survived on the earth for more than 140 million years, far longer than dinosaurs. Because they think as one, they have a united intelligence greater than you would expect from one small individual ant.
1.We can learn from the passage that ants are__________.
A. unwilling to share food
B. more successful than mankind
C. not used to living in cold environment.
D. too many to achieve any organization.
2.Ants can use pheromones for __________.
A. tasting food B. communication
C. warning enemies D. arranging labor
3.What does the underlined expression "take on" in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Help out. B. Give in to.
C. Show favor to. D. Fight against.
4.Ants have survived for so long mainly because of ____________.
A. their social cooperation.
B. their large group size.
C. their fearless attack.
D. their individual intelligence.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年辽宁五校协作体高二下期中考试英语卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
China is starting to blacklist poorly-behaved tourists as it seeks to rescue the image of its citizens as holidaymakers.
According to a regulation by the China National Tourism Administration (NTA) that entered effect this week, tourists will be blacklisted for offences including acting antisocially on public transport, damaging private or public property, disrespecting local customs, damaging historical exhibits on purpose or engaging in gambling or pornographic activities. Records will be kept in a two-tired system: provincial-level tourism authorities are responsible for cases under their jurisdiction（管辖区域）while the NTA will be in charge of a nationwide register. People will be .blacklisted for two years after they offend, according to the regulation.
The NTA said tourism authorities will inform blacklisted tourists and “propose correction measures in order to mitigate the negative impact”. It also said that tourism authorities reserve the right to report such violations to public security, customs and transport authorities as well as the central bank’s individual credit department.
The regulation comes amid (在……之中) growing concern about the ill manners of Chinese tourists both at home and abroad. In 2013, a Chinese tourist wrote his name on a relief carving in Luxor, Egypt. In December, a Chinese passenger threw a cup of hot instant noodles at a flight attendant on an international flight. Chinese tourists have been fined or put into prison for carrying prohibited items or purchasing wild animal products.
1.The underlined word “mitigate” in the third paragraph probably means ________.
A. neglect B. relieve C. deepens D. prevents
2.According to the passage, the main purpose of the regulation is to ________.
A. punish the Chinese poorly-behaved tourists
B. suggest correct measures to the Chinese poorly-behaved tourists
C. showcase the authority of the China National Tourism Administration (NTA)
D. better the image of Chinese citizens as holidaymakers
3.The main method the author uses to develop the last paragraph is ________.
A. providing explanations
B. offering analyses
C. giving examples
D. making comparisons
4.The text is most likely to appear in ________.
A. a newspaper B. a tourist guide
C. a travel brochure D. a geography textbook
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年重庆市高一下期中考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：语法填空
短文填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Some time ago, a light passenger plane flew 1. course(航线) and thus crashed in the mountains and the pilot 2. (kill). The only passengers, a young woman and her two baby daughters, were unhurt. It was the middle of winter. Snow 3. (lie) thick on the ground. The woman knew that the nearest village was kilometers away and she was not strong enough 4. (carry) her baby daughters there. When it grew dark, she turned the suit-case into a bed, where the children, 5. (cover) with all the clothes she could find, could be protected from the wind. During the night, it got 6. (terrible) cold. The woman kept as near as she could to the children and even tried to get into the case herself, but it was too small. Early next morning, she heard planes 7. (fly) overhead and wondered how she could send a signal. Then she had an idea. She wrote the letters SOS in the snow. Luckily, a pilot saw 8. signal and sent a message by radio to the nearest town. It was not long 9. a helicopter arrived on the scene to save the 10. (survive) of the plane crash.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年浙江绍兴一中高二下期中考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：七选五
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Too many of us are waiting too long to live our best lives. We keep putting everything off until tomorrow. Then, before we know it, we find ourselves asking, "How did it get so late so soon?"
So we’d better make today the beginning of our new life. Take time to realize what we want and need. Take time to love, laugh, cry, and learn. ____1.___ Here are five things we should start doing today:
Accept ourselves. The secret to happiness and success is the acceptance of ourselves. We will never become who we want to be if we rely on everyone else to qualify us. __2.____ So always go with ourselves, never against ourselves. Be who we were created to be and we will set the world on fire.
Make ourselves a priority. To tell the truth, there are only a few people in this world who will stay 100% true to us, so we should stay true to ourselves. Put our own needs into the list of things to do.
___3.____ Don’t sit back and let things happen to us. Go out and make things happen. We are what we do, not what we say we’ll do. Stop saying "I wish" and start saying "I will". Turn our dreams into plans.
Do the work. We can’t underestimate(低估) a person who always works hard. Be that person. __4.___ Always remember that the task ahead of us is never greater than the strength within us. Do what’s right, not what’s easy. Our dreams are worth it.
____5.____ We can’t force things to happen; we can only drive ourselves trying crazily. There’s a time and place for everything. So don’t force what’s not yet supposed to fit into our life. When it’s meant to be, it will be. Work hard, and be patient.
A. Take positive action.
B. Enjoy every moment of life.
C. Life is shorter than it often seems.
D. Everyone has a different way of life.
E. Accept ourselves just the way we are.
F. Allow life to happen like it’s supposed to.
G. In life, we don’t get what we wish for; we get what we work for.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年云南昆明三中、滇池中学高一下期中英语卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Glastonbury Festival, one of the pioneer festivals, is famous not only for its amazing bands, but also for its wonderful performances in many fields surrounding (围绕) the stages. It attracts over 130,000 people every year, who join in the three-day party to celebrate the summer solstice, the longest day of the year.
Glastonbury Festival has been held on Worthy Farm in Somerset since 1970. This year, all sorts of singers and bands were there, from the likes of Beyoncé, Jessie J, to my favorite — Paolo Nutini, who I really wish I could have met!
We drove straight in to one of the muddiest (泥泞的) Glastonbury Festivals ever! We came to our camp site, carrying enough clothes for a weekend of extreme weather conditions, and spent an hour or so putting up the tent. On the second day it began to rain and didn’t stop for the rest of the day. We sat in the tent waiting for it to stop, and after several hours we realized that it wouldn’t. When the need for food became too strong we put on boots and raincoats and made our way across many muddy fields.
There is something for everyone at the festival — my favourite place is the Circus Field, which is full of interactive (互动的) performances. Also, I love the Kidz Field, where famous CBBC stars perform, and where you can get your face painted then run around on a climbing frame (框架) with dragons.
1.According to the text, Glastonbury Festival is actually a _____.
A. harvest festival
B. music festival
C. film festival
D. flower festival
2.What attracted the author most at this year’s festival?
A. Paolo Nutini.
B. CBBC stars.
C. The food sold in the festival.
D. The performance in the Circus Field.
3.Which of the following about Glastonbury Festival is NOT true?
A. It started in 1970.
B. It lasts three days.
C. It is usually held on rainy days.
D. It celebrates the longest day of the year.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年四川双流中学高一下期中考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Are you truly happy? Do you ever know what it means to be happy and what it takes to achieve happiness? __1.___. The following are a few tips that I follow to create happiness in my life.
※ Make a plan for attaining goals that you believe will make you happy. Your moods will very likely increase if you are going after something you value.
※ Surround yourself with happy people. It is easy to begin to think negatively when you are surrounded by people who think that way. __2.__.
※When something goes wrong, try to figure out a solution instead of being absorbed in self pity. Truly happy people don’t allow setbacks (挫折) to affect their mood because they know that with a little thought they can turn the circumstances back to their favor.
※__3.___. These few minutes will give you the opportunity to focus on the positive things in your life and will lead you to continuous happiness.
※ ___4.__. Whether you treat yourself to lunch, take a long, relaxing bath or simply spend a few extra minutes on your appearance, you will be subconsciously (下意识地) putting yourself in a better mood.
※Finding the humor in situations can also lead to happiness. Find a way to make light of a situation that would otherwise make you happy.
※Keeping healthy is another way to achieve happiness. 5. .
A．It’s also important to take some time each day to do something nice for yourself.
B．What makes one person happy may be very different from what makes someone else happy.
C．On the contrary, if you are around people who are happy, their emotional state will be infectious.
D．Being overweight or not eating nutritious foods can have a negative effect on your mood．
E．These are important questions for anyone who is seeking happiness to ask themselves.
F．Spend a few minutes each day thinking about the things that make you happy.
G．There are some tips in life that lead to happiness.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年江苏盐城中学高一下期中考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：单项填空
For all the professional athletes, _______to the Olympics means that they have a chance to enter the history books.
A. approach B. method C. way D. access
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