Question

Back in old times, people had little knowledge about the universe and nature. Things we now consider to be common sense were mysteries to our ancestors.

Over the years, major breakthroughs have been made in science and many phenomena have been explained. But still, there are always questions we can't yet answer, and The Guardian has listed some of them.

1. What makes us human?

Just looking at your DNA won't tell you - human DNA is 99 percent identical to that of the chimpanzee and, believe it or not, 50 percent identical to a banana's! A lot of the things we once thought were unique about us - language and tool use, recognizing ourselves in the mirror and so on – have since been seen in other animals. Perhaps it's our culture that makes the difference or maybe our ability to use fire. It's also possible that our capacity (能力) for co-operation and our trading skills are what make us unique.

2. Why do we dream?

Given the fact that we spend around a third of our lives sleeping, shouldn't we know everything about it? Unfortunately, scientists are still searching for a complete explanation of what happens when we sleep and why we dream.

Austrian psychologist Sigmund Freud believed dreams were the expressions of wishes that we can't fulfill in our real lives. Others have wondered whether dreams are just random "noise" coming from a sleeping brain.

3. Could we someday live forever?

Apart from accidents, most people die because of diseases that can be treated and aging. And since many diseases, such as diabetes（糖尿病） and cancer, are diseases of aging, treating aging itself could be the key to extending our lives.

Our knowledge of what causes us to age - and what allows some animals to live longer than others - is expanding rapidly. And though we haven't quite worked out all the details, we've worked out some pieces of the puzzles such as DNA damage and metabolism (新陈代谢), which are all leading to the invention of drugs that can slow down the aging process.

If we're lucky enough to lengthen our lives, we might even get to see the day when all of these questions are answered.

1.The main point of the passage is ______.

A. to inform people of the knowledge about the universe and nature

B. to introduce major breakthroughs that have been made in science

C. to present some questions we can't yet answer

D. to explain what were once mysteries to our ancestors

2.Chimpanzees and bananas are mentioned as examples to prove that ______.

A. human beings are actually not different from other animals

B. animals have completely different DNA from that of plants

C. both animals and plants share the same amount of DNA

D. DNA alone is not good enough to make humans different

3.The underlined word "identical" is closest in meaning to ______.

A. mysterious          B. unique     C. advanced             D. same

4.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A. What were mysteries to our ancestors are considered to be common sense now.

B. Now we know much more about dreams than our ancestors did in the past.

C. With the invention of new drugs people can possibly live even longer.

D. If all the diseases can be treated people can theoretically live forever.

 

Answer 1

【答案】

 

1.C

2.D

3.D

4.C

【解析】

试题解析：本文讲述了一些到现在为止科学还不能做出解释的几个问题。

1.C主旨大意题。通读全文和根据第二段随后点题句：But still, there are always questions we can't yet answer, and The Guardian has listed some of them.所以C正确。

2.D细节推理题。根据第一个问题第一句话：Just looking at your DNA won't tell you - human DNA is 99 percent identical to that of the chimpanzee and, believe it or not, 50 percent identical to a banana's!仅 看你的DNA是不能辨别出你的，因为人类的DNA是百分之99与黑猩猩相同，信不信由你，百分之50和香蕉是相同的！所以D正确。

3.D词义猜测题。根据全句Just looking at your DNA won't tell you - human DNA is 99 percent identical to that of the chimpanzee and, believe it or not, 50 percent identical to a banana's!仅 看你的DNA是不能辨别出你的，因为人类的DNA是百分之99与黑猩猩相同，信不信由你，百分之50和香蕉是相同的！和下文内容，所以D正确。

4.C细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后And though we haven't quite worked out all the details, we've worked out some pieces of the puzzles such as DNA damage and metabolism (新陈代谢), which are all leading to the invention of drugs that can slow down the aging process.尽管我们还没有解决所有的细节，但我们已经解决了部分的困惑，像DNA的损害和新陈代谢，这导致了减缓我们衰老的药的发明，所以C正确。

考点：考查科学知识类短文阅读。