2.Fear may be felt in the heart as well as in the head,according to a study that has found a link between the cycles of a beating heart and the chance of someone feeling fear.
Tests on healthy volunteers found that they were more likely to feel a sense of fear at the moment when their hearts are contracting(收缩) and pumping blood around their bodies,compared with the point when the heartbeat is relaxed.Scientists say the results suggest that the heart is able to influence how the brain responds to a fearful event,depending on which point it is at in its regular cycle of contraction and relaxation.
Sarah Garfinkel at the Brighton and Sussex Medical School said:"Our study shows for the first time that the way in which we deal with fear is different depending on when we see fearful pictures in relation to our heart."
The study tested 20healthy volunteers on their reactions to fear as they were shown pictures of fearful faces.Dr Garfinkel said,"The study showed that fearful faces are better noticed when the heart is pumping than when it is relaxed.Thus our hearts can also affect what we see and what we don't see-and guide whether we see fear."
To further understand this relationship,the scientists also used a brain scanner(扫描仪) to show how the brain influences the way the heart changes a person's feeling of fear.
"We have found an important mechanism by which the heart and brain‘speak'to each other to change our feelings and reduce fear,"Dr Garfinkel said.
"We hope that by increasing our understanding about how fear is dealt with and ways that it could be reduced,we may be able to develop more successful treatments for anxiety disorders,and also for those for those who may be suffering from serious stress disorder."
47.What is the finding of the study?A
A.One's heart affects how he feels fear.
B.fear is a result of one's relaxed heartbeat.
C.fear has something to do with one's health.
D.Ones fast heartbeats are likely to cause fear.
48.The study was carried out by analyzingC.
A.volunteers'heartbeats when they saw terrible pictures
B.the time volunteers saw fearful pictures and their health conditions
C.volunteers'reactions to horrible pictures and data form their brain scans
D.different pictures shown to volunteers and their heart-brain communication
49.Which of the following is closest in meaning to"mechanism"in Paragraph 6?B
A.Order.B.system.C.Machine.D.Treatment.
50.This study may contribute toA.
A.treating anxiety and stress better
B.explaining the cycle of fear and anxiety
C.finding the sky to the heart-brain communication
D.understanding different fears in our hearts and heads.
分析 本文是一篇说明文.主要介绍了对二十名健康的志愿者进行的恐惧反应试验,告诉读者我们的大脑与心脏都能感知到恐惧,而且心脏跳动的周期与人们感知恐惧是有关联的,而这份研究成果未来有望更成功地用于治疗忧虑症以及其他应激障碍疾病.
解答 47.A 细节理解题.根据according to a study that has found a link between the cycles of a beating heart and the chance of someone feeling fear可知研究发现心跳循环与人感知恐惧是有关联的,故选A.
48.C 细节理解题.根据第四段The study tested 20 healthy volunteers on their reactions to fear as they were shown pictures of fearful faces.这项研究对20名健康的志愿者进行了试验,观察他们看到恐惧面孔图片时的反应,以及第五段the scientists also used a brain scanner(扫描仪) to show how the brain influences the way the heart changes a person's feeling of fear.科学家们还使用扫描仪演示大脑是如何影响心脏改变人对恐惧的感知方式.因此可知这项实验是通过研究志愿者们对恐惧图片的反应以及来自大脑扫描仪的数据得出结论,故选C.
49.B 词义推测题.根据We have found an important mechanism by which the heart and the brain‘speak'to each other to change our feelings and reduce fear可知通过这个系统,心脏和大脑可以相互"交流"以便于改变我们的感觉并减少恐惧.因此,mechanism是心脏与大脑交流的一个完整系统,而不是"命令、机器以及治疗".故选B.
50.A 细节理解题.根据we may be able to develop more successful treatments for anxiety disorders,and also for those who may be suffering from serious stress disorder.我可以能够更成功地治疗忧虑症,还可以治疗那些正遭受应激障碍疾病痛苦的患者.可知这项研究可以更好地治疗忧虑症和应激障碍,故选A.
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