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           Why must we pay taxes? The answer is that the government needs money for many things, for example to pay its soldiers, sailors and airmen, to build roads, bridges, offices, schools, etc and to buy goods from abroad; and only the people of the country can supply the money．One of the most important taxes is income-tax which a person pays according to the amount of his income-tax．Whether he is a businessman, a doctor, a lawyer, a shopkeeper, a miner, or anything else．This is called a “direct” tax, because it is paid in money direct to the government．

           Another tax is paid on goods such as watches, jewellery, new clothes, tobacco, wine, etc, when they are brought into a country, such a tax is paid as part of the price of these goods if they are later sold in shops．We call it “indirect” tax, because it is paid indirectly through the shopkeeper．

           People usually complain about having to pay taxes, but they forget that the money is spent on the things that they and their families need．We need policemen to catch thieves, to see that men obey the laws, to direct traffic, etc, and they must be paid what they earn; children need education and there must be schools and teachers; we want our streets to be kept clean, and the wages of men who do this kind of work have to be paid．Above all, the country must always be ready to defend itself against attacking enemies, and we cannot have an army without paying for it．

           Taxes, therefore, cannot be avoided．We buy our own food and clothes and pay for our own amusements, but there are several things that the State finds the money for, and that are necessary for us if our society is to continue．So we have no real cause to complain when we are asked to supply money to be spent for the good of ourselves and for our fellow-citizens．

    1．Indirect tax means _______．

           A．tax that one pays direct to the government

           B．tax that is not paid directly to the government

           C．tax that is paid as an extra amount added to the price of certain goods

           D．Both B and C

    2．Which of the following is right?

           A．Taxes are paid to the sellers．

           B．Income-tax is an indirect tax．

           C．The tax on new clothes is paid in money direct to the government．

           D．Tax is amount of money that you have to pay to the government so that it can pay for public services．

    3．People have no real reason to complain about having to pay taxes because _______．

           A．some shopkeepers are very rich

           B．they need money to buy goods from abroad

           C．their children need education

           D．the money is spent on the things that they and their families need

    4．“Taxes cannot be avoided” means _______．

           A．people have to pay taxes to the government

           B．you do not have to pay tax on some goods

           C．soldiers do not have to pay taxes

           D．all goods have to be taxed

    DDDA

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    科目：高中英语 来源：设计必修二英语北师版 北师版 题型：001

    听力测试

    听下面5段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各个小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。

    听第1段材料，回答第1～3题。

    W：Don’t you have any good news?

    M：No．Yesterday, I had to stay after school, because I was talking during my biology teacher’s class．

    W：You’d better keep quiet during class．

    M：Sometimes I do．The day before yesterday, I was very quiet during my history teacher’s class and I still had to stay after class．

    W：I don’t understand．

    M：Because I fell asleep during his class, but it wasn’t my fault．The lesson was very dull．

    W：I advise you to take school more seriously．If you don’t pass your exam, you’ll have to go out and work as a result．

    M：I don’t see that it makes much difference．If I have a job, I have to do dull work every day, but if I’m in school I must listen to dull teachers every day．

    1．What is the possible relationship between the man and woman?

    A．Good friends．

    B．Mother and son．

    C．Teacher and student．

    2．What did the boy often do at school?

    A．He was often late for school．

    B．He often fell asleep in class．

    C．He often stayed after class．

    3．Which of the following statements is true?

    A．The boy prefers to go out and work．

    B．The boy has neither interest in school nor in work．

    C．The boy is discouraged because he hasn’t passed the exam．

    听第2段材料，回答第4～6题。

    M：How long have you been studying English?

    W：For about six years．I started when I was ten．My teacher was from America．He was a very good teacher．I enjoyed studying English with him．

    M：Are you still studying English?

    W：Yes, I go to an evening school now．

    M：How often do you have classes?

    W：Twice a week usually．

    M：Do you find English difficult?

    W：Yes, it’s rather difficult, I think．Do I make many mistakes?

    M：No, your English is very good．Do you often listen to the radio?

    W：Yes, I listen to the radio every night．

    M：Do you enjoy reading English books?

    W：Yes, I read a lot of English books．But I prefer conversation．I like talking to foreigners．

    4．How old is the girl?

    A．Fifteen．

    B．Sixteen．

    C．Seventeen．

    5．What does the woman think of the study of English?

    A．Interesting．

    B．Easy．

    C．Hard．

    6．What did the woman enjoy most?

    A．Listening．

    B．Writing．

    C．Talking．

    听第3段材料，回答第7～9题。

    M：You look worried．Is anything the matter?

    W：It’s my son．He hasn’t come home yet．I can’t understand him being so late．

    M：Where’s he gone?

    W：To visit a friend．I didn’t want him to go．I don’t like him going out at night．

    M：Well, it isn’t very late．

    W：It’s nine o’clock．I expected him to be back about eight．And it’s already dark．

    M：Well…

    W：I can just imagine him losing his way．Or falling off his bicycle．

    M：Er…how old is your son?

    W：Thirty-five．

    7．Why does the woman look worried?

    A．Her son has lost his way．

    B．Her son hasn’t come back yet．

    C．Her son has gone out at night．

    8．Where has her son gone?

    A．To school．

    B．For a ride．

    C．To visit a friend．

    9．What do you think has happened to the woman’s son?

    A．He has got lost．

    B．He has fallen off his bicycle．

    C．We don’t know．

    听第4段材料，回答第10～12题。

    W：We’re thinking about putting on a show this spring．

    M：Do you think you’ll be able to make some money?

    W：Oh, no, we just want to do it for the fun of it．You know there are a lot of us who like to get up a stage and perform．

    M：What kind of show?

    W：A musical play．

    M：Have you decided who to do it?

    W：We have three in mind, and of course we’ve been thinking about you．

    M：Me? Why me?

    W：You sing, don’t you? Everyone says you have a wonderful voice．

    M：Well, I have sung a little, but I’ve never really appeared on a stage．

    W：I thought you sang in church every Sunday．

    M：That’s different．There are so many others singing too．

    W：Then here’s your chance to find out how good you are．And not just to sing but to act and dance too．

    M：Oh, it might be exciting．

    10．What will they put on a show for?

    A．For money．

    B．For fun．

    C．For others．

    11．What can we conclude from the dialogue?

    A．They want to put on three shows in all．

    B．Three people will appear in the play．

    C．They will sing three songs in the play．

    12．What can we learn about the man?

    A．He’ll sing and dance in the show．

    B．He often gets up a stage．

    C．He sings pop songs for money．

    听第5段材料，回答第13～15题。

    Now back to the news．

    Ten people died yesterday morning when a boat sank off the Gold Sand Coast．Eight were able to swim to the shore and were saved by the coast guard．The boat was on its way to Beill Island．

    Police are looking for a man and a woman in their early twenties who broke into a bank in the early hours this morning．This was reported by people working in the shop opposite who heard the breaking of glass．Two people were seen running away．The man is said to be very well-built, with dark hair which is very long．The woman with him is said to be small with short hair cut very close to her head．She was wearing blue trousers and a brown jacket．Anyone who has any information please gives further details to the police．

    13．What were the eight people doing after the boat sank?

    A．Saving the others．

    B．Swimming to the shore．

    C．Helping the captain．

    14．When did the robbers break into the bank?

    A．In the afternoon．

    B．At midnight．

    C．Early in the morning．

    15．What was said about the man?

    A．Tall and strong．

    B．Strong with long hair．

    C．Fat and well built．

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    科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：

    对话填空（每小题1分，满分10分）

    阅读下面对话，掌握其大意，并根据所给首字母的提示，在标有题号的右边横线上写出一个英语单词的完整、正确形式，使对话通顺。

    A：Hello. How are you today？ I h    you weren't yourself last week.

    B：I'm much b now, Thank you.                                      

    A：What was the m ？ Nothing serious, I hope.

    B：Oh, no ,I had a bad cold and had to stay in bed for two days.

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    B：She was ill, but now she's all right. I think she carried my cold.

    A：Everybody seems to have one now ,I guess it's b   of the sudden change of weather, One day hot and the next day cold.

    B：And very windy, too. That's why I'm w   a sweater today. What do you think of it？

    A：It certainly looks wonderful. It must have cost a lot. W did you buy it？

    B：Oh ,I got it at a sale ,It was quite cheap.

    A：Really! Well, Mary, I must say it suits you very well, What a p that I can't get o

    for my wife.

    B：Why not？ Maybe I can help you find one for your wife some day.

    A：Thanks a lot ,I'm really thinking of s   her a present on her birthday.

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    科目：高中英语 来源：2011届贵州省五校高三第五次联考英语卷 题型：阅读理解

    If you ask Americans whether or not they think their former president George W. Bush is smart, most of them will probably tell you they don’t think so. However, Bush’s IQ score is estimated to be above 120, which puts him in the top ten percent of the population.
    It doesn’t seem to make sense. How come someone with such an IQ score is not considered smart? Researchers say: IQ does not tell the whole story. Some people have high IQ scores, but still they can be poor thinkers and decision-makers.
    Keith Stanovich, a Canadian professor of human development and applied psychology, has been looking into the “clever fools” phenomenon for 15 years. He says IQ tests are very good at measuring certain mental faculties(能力), including logic, learning ability, working-memory capacity (how much information you can hold in mind), etc. Those faculties play a part in one’s academic success, but rational thinking is more important for us to make good judgments in real-life situations.
    IQ tests fail to work when it comes to rational thinking. That’s because they are unable to assess things such as a person’s ability to weigh up information, or whether an individual can set aside the cognitive biases(认知偏差)that may be misleading.
    “A high IQ is like height in a basketball player,” says David Perkins, who studies thinking and reasoning skills at Harvard University. “It is very important, all other things being equal. But all other things aren’t equal. It takes a lot more to be a good basketball player than being tall, and it takes a lot more to be a good thinker than having a high IQ.”
    【小题1】According to the text your academic success depends on your __________.

    A．logicB．mental facultiesC．learning abilityD．working-memory capacity
    【小题2】If you need to decide where to invest your money, you must use your ______________
    A．IQ scoresB．IQ testC．rational thinkingD．cognitive biases
    【小题3】We know from the text that ____________
    A．the former president George W. Bush has a high IQ score
    B．many Americans think their former president George W. Bush is smart
    C．David Perkins believe that a person’s IQ doesn’t need to be developed
    D．Keith Stanovich looked into the “clever fools” phenomenon 5 years ago
    【小题4】What is the text mainly about?
    A．Those who have high IQ do better than those who don’t in everything.
    B．People with high IQ scores must be good decision-makers
    C．People with high IQ scores are always smart in every way.
    D．Why a high IQ doesn’t mean you’re smart

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    科目：高中英语 来源：河北省邢台一中09-10学年高一下学期第一次月考（英语） 题型：阅读理解

    The First of May is a Bank Holiday—the first public holiday of the year in England. Most people consider it a special day, the beginning of summer, a day when the light lasts long into the evening, and when we can look for warm weather. We don't always get it. We feel disappointed, but not surprised if there are cold winds and frosts at night in May. Winter should be over. Most people know that in the past, when farming occupied almost everyone, the changing seasons were of great importance. In that older time there was every reason to celebrate May Day. Customs of those celebrations remain.?
    Of these customs, the best known is the choosing of a May Queen and the dancing round Maypole. Even these customs are little more than memories now—but in the last century it was quite common in villages and small towns, and even in schools and colleges, for a pretty and popular girl to be chosen Queen of the May. It was a great honour to be chosen. For a day she wore a light and flowery dress, carried garlands（花环）, and was ceremonially crowned with flowers. She presided over a procession, as a rule with a number of attendants, and over the Maypole dancing and all kinds of entertainment. The Maypole was slender（苗条的w.w.^w.k.&s.5*u.c.#o） tree trunk, cut off its branches, with beautiful ribbons fastened to the top. The dancing was designed in such a way that the dancer's movements move the ribbons into a pattern. This, as you can imagine, required skill from the dancer, and was not achieved without practice.
    It's the Celtic people who celebrated the First of May as a spring festival. Their celebration seems to have had little to do with taking pleasure in early, beautiful flowers and in warmer weather! They called it Beltane—the fire of the god Bel. They lit fires, in the expectation that their blaze would help the sun in its struggle to regain its strength. They drove their cattle between banks of flame in the expectation that the terrified beasts would be purified and protected from disease. A tree, which must have been blackened with smoke, stood in the middle of the fires, and is thought to have been the origin of the Maypole. Their priests（牧师） made sacrifices to the goods in the hope of good harvests and sufficient store of food for the winter. There was dancing certainly, but it was noisy and cheerful, since its purpose was not to weave a pattern of colored ribbons, but to drive out evil spirits from the earth and to arouse those kind spirits.?
    57. The main purpose of the passage is to show ________.?
    A. the reason why they celebrate May Day
    B. the start and customs of May Day
    C. the way they celebrate May Day
    D. the choosing of a May Queen during May Day
    58. According to the passage, which sentence is NOT true??
    A. In the old days they celebrated May Day for the changing of the seasons.?
    B. In England summer begins at the first of May.?
    C. The custom of the choosing of a May Queen still exists in the present May Day celebration.?D. The Celtic people celebrated the first of May as a spring festival.??
    59. From the surrounding words and sentences we know that the word “presided” means ____.
    A. 管理    B. 越过   C. 指挥   D. 主持?
    60. The best title for this passage is ________.
    A. The First of May     B. The Beginning of Summer
    C. May Queen        D. The Holiday of the Year?

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    科目：高中英语 来源：2009-2010学年江苏省高二下学期期中考试（英语） 题型：阅读理解

    One would have to be a fool to overlook the importance of using positive thinking for you rather than allowing negative thinking to work against you. In recent years, research in psychopharmacology (精神药理学) has proved what many people have known over the centuries: a positive attitude is good for you, good for your health, good for your wealth, good for everything. Researchers found that a positive attitude produces a specific chemical reaction which makes people feel better, while negative thinking results in a decline of hormone (荷尔蒙) and shuts down the immune (免疫的) system. This leads to illness and depression. Positive thoughts will make you feel better. Even if you must begin by literally forcing yourself to be positive (faking it, so to speak), it will become contagious (会传播的) and the positive thoughts will generate nice little w*w^w..c~o*mchemicals and good feelings which will reinforce the positive thoughts.

    For example, if you force yourself to smile or laugh, even when you don't feel like smiling or laughing, if you keep at it for a few minutes, you will soon feel like it. Feelings can generate thoughts, but thoughts can also generate feelings. Control your thoughts and you can control your feelings. Positive thinking is important in all aspects of our lives. There is probably no single factor more important in determining your success in achieving your career objectives than your own attitude.

    It's often been said that in the land of the blind, the one-eyed man is king. And in the office of militant (好战) negativism, the positive workers shine like gold. You cannot control external events, but you can learn to control your reaction to those events and thereby have a positive attitude and be happy. This vital key to success is totally within your control. Use it.

    67. We can infer from the passage that         .

    A. positive thinking can cure you of your diseases

    B. positive thinking can easily be generated by anyone

    C. a decline of hormone may cause you to be depressed

    D. a specific chemical reaction is the cause of negative thinking

    68. According to the passage, which of the following is true?

    A. Feeling and thoughts can generate each other.

    B. It's easier to control thoughts than to control feelings.

    C. Your success depends wholly on your attitude.

    D. Keeping smiling will surely make you successful.

    69. Just like a one-eyed man in the land of the blind, you should              .

    A. take positive attitude in the office of militant negativism

    B. be king in your office

    C. pay no attention to what is going on around you

    D. control your feeling to what is happening to you

    70. The best title to the passage is               .

    A. the Bad Effect of Negative Thinking     B. Why Should People Think

    C. Positive Thinking Benefits People        D. Thinking: The Vital Way

            

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