The World Health Organization says there has been a sharp increase in the number of over-weight children in developing countries. In African countries, the WHO says the number of over-weight or obese children is twice as high as it was 20 years ago. Around the world, about 43 million children under the age of five were overweight in 2013.
Overweight and obese children are more likely to become overweight and obese adults. The condition can generate serious health problems like heart diseases.
Francesco Branca is the director of the WHO Department of Nutrition for Health and Development. He says urban lifestyle makes people eat processed food more often ,which has a high sugar ,fat and salt content. He also says people are gaining weight because of their lack of activities. They travel in cars or other vehicles more than on foot.
The WHO experts say to lower obesity rates is especially complex in countries that also deal with high rates of infectious(感染性的) diseases.
The WHO has some basic solutions for individuals and countries. The organization says you should lower your intake of fat, sugar, salt and processed food and eat more fruits,' vegetables and increase physical activity. The WHO says these actions are especially important for children.
And WHO expert Branca says mothers should breastfeed their babies for at least the first six months of life, if possible. More importantly, governments should consider providing vitamins for children and educational campaigns about problems linked to obesity would also help. In his view, government policies should deal with how food is marketed to children and food producers must balance quality and taste with the dangers of sugar, fat and salt. "Reducing the number of overweight children will not be easy. The goal is difficult to meet even in wealthy countries. " he adds.
1.What is the main idea of Paragraph l?
A. Children in developing countries generally weigh too much.
B. Overweight children in developing countries have increased greatly.
C. The number of overweight children in the world has doubled.
D. The World Health Organization has increased greatly.
2.According to Branca , people are becoming overweight because of their changes in _______
A. lifestyles B. transportation
C. physical condition D. school educational .
3.Which of the following word can best replace the underlined word in Paragraph 2?
A. cure B. prevent C. worsen D. cause
4.According to WHO, which of the following is true?
A. Poor nutrition is often related to children obesity.
B. To lower infectious disease rates is more complex than to lower obesity rates.
C. Eating less sugar and more vegetables helps lower obesity rates.
D. Increasing physical activity is most effective to lower obesity rates.
5.What can we learn from the last Paragraph?
A. Babies breastfed aren't likely to become overweight.
B. Governments should play a necessary role in fighting obesity.
C. Food producers should be stopped from marketing, food to children.
D. The number of overweight children decreases easily in wealthy countries.
1.B
2.A
3.D
4.C
5.B
【解析】
试题分析：文章介绍在发展中国家过度肥胖的孩子的数量在增加，这会使他们在以后的生活中导致很多问题，文章提出了导致这些问题的原因和解决这样问题的措施。
1.段落大意题：从第一段的句子：The World Health Organization says there has been a sharp increase in the number of over-weight children in developing countries.可知这段讲的是在发展中国家过度肥胖的孩子的数量在增加。选B
2.细节题：从文章第三段的句子: Francesco Branca is the director of the WHO Department of Nutrition for Health and Development. He says urban lifestyle makes people eat processed food more often ,which has a high sugar ,fat and salt content. 可知根据Branca所说，人们变胖是因为生活方式的改变，选 A
3.猜词题：从第二段的句子：The condition can generate serious health problems like heart diseases.
这种情况会导致严重的象心脏病这样的问题，可知generate是导致的意思，选D
4.细节题：从文章第五段的句子: The organization says you should lower your intake of fat, sugar, salt and processed food and eat more fruits,' vegetables and increase physical activity. The WHO says these actions are especially important for children.可知根据WHO所说，少吃糖多吃蔬菜可以有助于降低肥胖的几率，选C
5.细节题：从最后一段的句子：More importantly, governments should consider providing vitamins for children and educational campaigns about problems linked to obesity would also help. In his view, government policies should deal with how food is marketed to children and food producers must balance quality and taste with the dangers of sugar,可知政府应该在对抗肥胖方面起到必要的作用，选B
考点：考查健康保健类短文
作业辅导系列答案科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
I had an experience some years ago, which taught me something about the ways in which people make a bad situation worse by blaming themselves. One January, I had to hold two funerals on successive days for two elderly women in my community. Both had died “full of years”, as the Bible would say. Their homes happened to be near each other, so I paid condolence (吊唁) calls on the two families on the same afternoon.
At the first home, the son of the deceased (已故的) woman said to me, “If only I had sent my mother to Florida and gotten her out of this cold and snow , she would be alive today. It’s my fault that she died.” At the second home, the son of the other deceased woman said, “If only I hadn’t insisted on my mother’s going to Florida, she would be alive today. That long airplane ride, the sudden change of climate, was more than she could take. It’s my fault that she’s dead.”
You see that any time there is a death, the survivors will feel guilty. Because the course of action they took turned out badly, they believe that the opposite course — keeping Mother at home, putting off the operation — would have turned out better. After all, how could it have turned out any worse?
There seem to be two elements involved in our willingness to feel guilty. The first is our pressing need to believe that the world makes sense, that there is a cause for every effect and a reason for everything that happens. That leads us to find patterns and connections both where they really exist and where they exist only in our minds.
The second element is the view that we are the cause of what happens, especially the bad things that happen. It seems to be a short step from believing that every event has a cause to believing that every disaster is our fault. The roots of this feeling may lie in our childhood.
A baby comes to think that the world exists to meet his needs, and that he makes everything happen in it. He wakes up in the morning and summons the rest of the world to its tasks. He cries, and someone comes to attend to him. When he is hungry, people feed him, and when he is wet, people change him. Very often, we do not completely outgrow that childish view that our wishes cause things to happen.
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A. he wanted to comfort the two families B. he was an official from the community
C. he had great pity for the deceased D. he was priest of the local church
People feel guilty for the deaths of their loved ones because .
A. they couldn’t find a better way to express their sorrow
B. they believe that they were responsible
C. they had neglected the natural course of events
D. they didn’t know things often turn out in the opposite direction
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A. everything in the world is predetermined
B. the world can be interpreted in different ways
C. there’s an explanation for everything in the world
D. we have to be sensible in order to understand the world
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A. Life and death is an unsolved mystery.
B. Every story should have a happy ending.
C. Never feel guilty all the time because not every disaster is our fault.
D. In general, the survivors will feel guilty about the people who passed away .
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A. people around the world go surfing all the year round
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A. is not an easy sport
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A. prevent B. protect C. isolate D. differ
A. need B. chance C. choice D. regret
A. create B. meet C. raise D. develop
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Ⅲ.阅读（共两节，满分40分）
阅读理解（共15小题；每小2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
When I was growing up in America, I was ashamed of my mother’s Chinese English. Because of her English, she was often treated unfairly. People in department stores, at banks,
And at restaurants did not take her seriously ,did not give her good service ,pretended not to
Understand her ,or even acted as if they did not hear her .
My mother has realized the limitations of her English as well. When I was fifteen, she used to have me call people on phone to pretend I was she . I was forced to ask for information or even to yell at people who had been rude to her. One time I had to call her stockbroker (股票经纪人).I said in an adolescent voice that was not very convincing, “This is Mrs.Tan..”
And my mother was standing beside me ,whispering loudly, “Why he don’t send me cheek already two week lone.”
And then , in perfect English I said : “I’m getting rather concerned .You agreed to send the check two weeks ago, but it hasn’t arrived.”
Then she talked more loudly. “What he want? I come to New York tell him front of his boss.” And so I turned to the stockbroker again, “I can’t tolerate any more excuse. If I don’t receive the check immediately , I am going to have to speak to your manager when I am in New York next week.”
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A.She was unable to speak good English.
B.She was often misunderstood.
C.She was not clearly heard.
D.She was not very polite.
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A.good a pretending
B.rude to the stockbroker
C.ready to help her mother
D.unwilling to phone for her mother
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A.they forgave the stockbroker
B.they failed to get the check
C.they went to New York immediately
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A.It confuses her.
B.It embarrasses her.
C.It helps her understand the world.
D.It helps her tolerate rude people.
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A.is clear and natural to non-native speakers
B.is vivid and direct to non-native speakers
C.has a verv bad reputation in America
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