Question

Beware of those who use the truth to cheat. When someone tells you something that is        , but leaves out important information that should be         , he can create a false impression.

For example, someone might say, “I just          a hundred dollars on the lottery. It was great. I took that dollar ticket back to the store and          it for one hundred dollars!”

This guy’s a winner,        ? Maybe, maybe not. We then discover that he bought two hundred           , and only one was a winner. He’s really a big          !

He didn’t say anything that was         , but he deliberately left out some important       . That’s called a half-truth. Half-truths are not technically         , but they are just as not         .

Untrustworthy candidates in           campaigns often use this strategy. Let’s say that during Governor Smith’s last term, her state lost one million jobs and         three million jobs. Then she          another term. One of her opponents runs an advertisement       , “During Governor Smith’s term, the state lost one million jobs!” That’s true.         , an honest statement would have been, “During Governor Smith’s term, the state had a net gain of        million jobs.”

Advertisers will sometimes use half-truths. It’s         the law to make false claims so they try to mislead you with the         . An advertisement might boast (吹嘘), “Nine out of ten doctors recommend Yucky Pills to cure nose pimples.” It          to mention that they only asked ten doctors and nine of them work for the Yucky Corporation.

This kind of cheat happens too often. It’s a sad fact of life: Lies are lies, and sometimes the truth can lie as well.

1.A. false                             B. true                         C. interesting                       D. boring

2.A. included              B. contained               C. involved                           D. referred

3.A. lost                       B. found                      C. donated                           D. won

4.A. swapped             B. took                         C. turned                            D. made

5.A. right                            B. well                          C. really                                D. though

6.A. books                            B. papers           C. tickets                    D. balls

7.A. winner                          B. loser             C. fighter                     D. thinker

8.A. true                      B. real                          C. doubtful                           D. false

9.A. details                           B. information C. mistakes                           D. errors

10.A. stories                        B. truth                        C. facts                                  D. lies

11.A. pleasant            B. exciting                   C. honest                            D. clever

12.A. political                    B. commercial   C. personal                           D. public

13.A. stopped            B. found                      C. avoided                            D. gained

14.A. seeks                         B. gets                          C. achieves                           D. searches

15.A. writing                        B. reading          C. saying                     D. speaking

16.A. Otherwise                  B. However                C. In fact                      D. This way

17.A. one                    B. two                         C. three                                D. four

18.A. for                               B. to                    C. against                             D. in

19.A. words                         B. facts                         C. data                                   D. truth

20.A. fails                            B. tries                         C. manages                           D. plans

 

Answer 1

【答案】

 

1.B

2.A

3.D

4.A

5.A

6.C

7.B

8.D

9.B

10.D

11.C

12.A

13.D

14.A

15.C

16.B

17.B

18.C

19.D

20.A

【解析】

试题分析：这篇文章通过三个例子来讲述了一个事实：谎言可以骗人，但是真相同样可以骗人。人们要注意生活中的“half truth”也就是真假参半的陈述，不要被其蒙骗。

1.B 形容词辨析。A 假的；B 真实的；C 有趣的；D 枯燥的。从上下文可知文章要讲述的是利用真相来进行欺骗的情况，那么他们告诉你的应该是真实的事情，所以B选项正确。

2.A动词辨析。A 包括；B 包含，含有（某种成分）；C 牵扯，涉及；D 参考，提及。由下文买彩票赢钱的例子推断得知，漏掉的信息是应该包括在内的，否则会让人产生错觉。A为正确选项。

3.D动词辨析。A 丢失，丧失，输掉； B 找到，发现；C 捐赠；D 赢。根据后面It was great判断这个人很高兴，所以推测出他应该是买彩票赢了，正确选项为D。

4.A动词辨析。A 交换，换成；B 拿，带走；C 转向，变成；D 制作。从上文可知这个人买彩票赢了，所以应该是拿着面值一美元的彩票回到商店兑换成了100美元，swap…for 把….换成，所以A选项正确。

5.A副词辨析。A 正确，对；B 好 ; C 真地； D 尽管。由后面的We then discover that he bought two hundred …and only one was a winner.判断，此处应该表示对前面叙述情况的怀疑，所以A选项正确。

6.C上下文串联。A 书； B 报纸，论文； C 票，罚单；D 球，舞会。从上文I took that dollar ticket back to the store可知他买的是彩票，所以正确选项是C。

7.B名词辨析。A 获胜者，赢家；B 输家；C 战斗机，战斗者；D思想家。根据前面叙述可知他买了200张，才中了一张，总的来说他应该是个输家。所以正确选项为B。

8.D形容词辨析。A 真实的；B 真的；C 怀疑的；D 假的。从上文买彩票的例子可知这个人没说谎话，但是没有说出全部真相，而且从后面的That’s called a half-truth.也可以判断正确答案选D。

9.B名词辨析。A 细节；B 信息；C 错误；D 错误，过错。上面叙述的内容告诉我们买彩票的人没有说谎，但是却故意漏掉一个事实，即：他花200美元买了200张彩票，却只有一张中奖。所以漏掉的应该是一些事实信息，由此判断B选项正确。

10.D名词辨析。A 故事； B 真相；真理；C 事实； D 谎言。买彩票的人半真半假的陈述让人产生错觉而且后面用了转折连词but ，由此判断，half-truth会和谎言一样起到误导人的作用，所以D选项正确。句意：虽然部分真实的话不是严格意义上的谎言。选D。

11.C形容词辨析。A 令人愉悦的；B 令人兴奋的C 诚实的；D 聪明的。从下文选举的例子可知，政客们用half-truth去欺骗民众，让人产生错误的印象，所以half-truth应该是和谎言一样是不诚实的。从句意判断C为正确选项。

12.A形容词辨析。A 政治的；B商业的；C 个人的；D 公共的。由“Governor Smith’s term,candidates opponents”这些词语可以判断应该是政治活动，所以A选项正确。

13.D动词辨析。A 停止；B 发现，认为；C 避免；D 获得。从前面lost 判断，此处应该是意思相对的词，她的政府失去100万份工作，得到300万份工作。所以D选项正确。

14.A 动词辨析。A 寻求，试图；B 得到；C 实现，获得；D 寻找。下文“During Governor Smith’s term, the state lost one million jobs!” 她的对手对她进行不好的宣传暗示出她仍具有竞争性，应该是想再连任一届，所以A为正确选项。

15.C动词辨析。A 写；B 读；C 说；写着（指书面材料或者可见的东西上提供信息或指示）D 说话，演讲。广告本身不会读，写说，习惯上用read或者say等动词表示上面显示的内容，比如：The notice said“Keep Out”。所以C选项正确。

16.B 连接词的考查。A 否则；B然而；C 实际上；D 这边请。That’s true和后面的an honest statement would have been…,是转折关系，所以B为正确选项。

17.B细节考查。从上文“her state lost one million jobs and  …three million jobs.”判断，工作净增长为两百万。所以B选项正确。

18.C介词辨析。根据常识可知广告商做出虚假的声明是违法的，所以应该用against the laws。答案选C。

19.D，名词辨析。A 单词，话语；B 事实；C 数据；D 真相，真理。整篇文章是讲述利用half truth来骗人，而且Advertisers will sometimes use half-truths.也是一个提示，所以判断D选项正确。

20.A动词辨析。A 失败；B 尝试；C 管理，设法做；D 计划。这是又一个用half truth来骗人的例子，所以他们应该是只讲述部分真实的情况，而没有提到那十个医生中有9个是为他们做事的事实。故A选项正确。

考点：考查社会现象类短文阅读。