Question

【题目】Tea is one of the most popular 【1】(drink) in the world. You make it by pouring hot water over the 【2】(dry) leaves of a tea plant. For centuries people believed that tea could cure illnesses, and they used it as medicine. Today scientists know that tea contains chemicals that prevent cells from 【3】(die). Most teas have caffeine in them, a substance that makes you feel more active. Some people have problems drinking tea because it can cause 【4】(sleep).

The tea plant grows best in tropical and temperate places 【5】 rain falls throughout the year. Tea plants can be grown from sea level 【6】 about 2,000 meters above sea level, but the best quality grows in higher regions.

Tea 【7】(come) from the leaves and buds of tea plants. Wild plants can be up to 9 meters high but on tea plantations they 【8】(cut) back to a bush of about a meter in height so that workers can pull the leaves 【9】(easy). It takes a plant tree to five years before it is ready for picking.

A picker can harvest about 20 kg of tea a day. On large tea plantations the leaves are harvested by machines, 【10】 the quality of tea is higher when the leaves are picked by hand.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】drinks

【2】dried

【3】dying

【4】sleeplessness

【5】where

【6】to

【7】comes

【8】are cut

【9】easily

【10】but

【解析】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了茶叶的功效、生长要求的环境以及它的制作过程。

【1】考查固定用法。one of + 可数名词复数，表示“……中之一”，是固定用法，所以填drinks。

【2】考查非谓语动词。“叶子”与“弄干”之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作定语，所以填dried。

【3】考查固定结构。prevent sb./sth from doing sth.意为“阻止（制止、防止）某人（某物）做某事”，是固定结构，所以填dying。

【4】考查名词。句意：有些人喝茶有一些问题，因为它能造成失眠。作cause的宾语，用名词，而且根据常识可知，茶叶有提神的作用，所以是“失眠”，故填sleeplessness。

【5】考查定语从句。____5____ rain falls throughout the year.作定语，修饰tropical and temperate places，所以____5____ rain falls throughout the year.是一个定语从句，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以填关系副词where。

【6】考查固定短语。句意：茶树可以在从海平面到海平面以上2,000米的范围内生长。from… to从……到……，所以填to。

【7】考查时态。表示一个客观的事实，用一般现在时，且主语Tea是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词用单数，填comes。

【8】考查时态和语态。表示主语现在的状态，用一般现在时，“它们”和“切割”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，综上所述，用一般现在时的被动语态，所以填are cut。

【9】考查副词。修饰动词pull，用副词，所以填easily。

【10】考查连词。在大的茶叶种植园，茶叶是被机器收割的，但是手工采摘的茶叶质量更高。表示转折关系，所以填but。

一. 定语从句的功用和结构

在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词。例如：This is the present that he gave me for my birthday.

二. 关系代词和关系副词的功用

关系代词和关系副词用来引导定语从句，在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，使二者联系起来。关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分。关系代词做主语，宾语，定语，关系副词可作状语。

1. 作主语：关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数须和先行词一致。例如：I don’t like people who talk much but do little.

2. 作宾语

She is the person that I met at the school gate yesterday.

3. 作定语

关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语用。例如：

What’s the name of the young man whose sister is a doctor?

4. 作状语

I’ll never forget the day when I first came to Beijing.

This is the house where I was born.

三. 各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法

1. who 指人，在定语从句中作主语、宾语均可。例如：

The boy who is wearing the black jacket is very clever.

2. whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语。例如：

Do you know the young man (whom) we met at the gate?

3. whose 指人，在定语从句中作定语。例如：

The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today.

4. which指物，在定语从中作主语或宾语。例如：

A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.

5. that多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。例如：

Who is the person that is reading the newspaper over there?

6. when 指时间，在定语从句中作状语。例如：

He arrived in Beijing on the day when I left.

7. where 指地点，在定语从句中作状语。例如：

This is the house where we lived last year.

四.具体使用时还要注意下列问题：

1. 只能使用that,不用which 的情况：

(1)先行词是all, few, little, nothing, everything, anything 等不定代词时。例如：

All that he said is true.

(2)先行词被only, no, any, all,等词修饰时。例如：

He is the only foreigner that has been to that place.

(3)先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词。例如：

He was the second (person) that told me the secret.

(4)先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词。

This is the best book (that) I have read this year.

(5)先行词既包括人又包括物时。例如：

He talked about the people and the things he remembered.

2. 只能用which，不用that的情况：

(1) 在非限制性定语从中。例如：

The meeting was put off, which was exactly what we wanted.

(2) 定语从句由介词+关系代词引导，先行词是物时。例如：

The thing about which he is talking is of great importance.