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  Economics(经济学)is the study of how societies with limited resources decide what to produce, how to produce and for whom to produce.What, how, and for whom to produce are problems all over the world because human needs are practically unlimited, but all societies have only limited quantities of resources that can be used to produce goods or services.

  A knowledge of basic economics is important for understanding both the problems and opportunities that will face the world economy in the 21st century.As a student of economics, one will have the chance to discover how commerce, govern-

  ment policies, and day-to-day decisions made by consumers affect his living standards.The study of economics can help him understand the influence of such events as the move to free markets in Poland and Russia, or of ups and downs in interest rate and the foreign exchange rate.Economics is influenced by developments in the many different areas of business, politics, science, nature, religion and history.And whether or not one is aware of it, economics is an important part of his life.

  From a practical point of view, one's study of economics will help improve his decision-making(决策)skills.He learns a logical way to compare different courses of action.As he studies the concept(概念)of opportunity cost, for instance, he will discover that every choice he makes has both a benefit and a cost.Let us suppose someone decides to get a part-time job so he can earn enough money to buy a car.He will have the benefit of owning the car, but he will pay a cost in terms of the leisure hours he gives up for working so as to pay for the car and keep it in good condition.After weighing his choice in cost-benefit terms, he may decide he does not need a car any more.

(1)

According to the passage, economics is studied to ________.

[  ]

A.

get more resources for human beings

B.

put human needs under some control

C.

satisfy the unlimited human needs with the limited resources

D.

produce better goods and services for all human beings

(2)

Economics can help one make better decisions because he learns ________.

[  ]

A.

how to weigh the cost and the benefit

B.

all the practical economic theories

C.

something useful about business

D.

a logical way of thinking

(3)

Why does the person have to give up leisure hours in the example of buying a car?

[  ]

A.

Because he has to spend some time in the car.

B.

Because he has to work extra hours to get the money.

C.

Because he is busy working for his boss.

D.

Because keeping a car in good condition takes much time.

(4)

What is the central topic of the second paragraph?

[  ]

A.

Influences of economics.

B.

Importance of knowing economics.

C.

Uses of economics.

D.

Scope(范围)of economic studies.

答案:1.C;2.A;3.B;4.B;
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