Question

阅读理解 　　Maps and statistics can tell us a lot about where a country is headed．Take the US Census Bureau's latest findings on American cities．They show that for the first time since 1900, Detroit is not on the list of the Top 10 most populous US cities．In its place is San Jose, California． 　　Detroit has been the long-time centre of the US auto industry, but in the past few years the "Big Three" US automakers－General Motors, Ford, and Chrysler － have closed plants and laid off workers．With the factory closings and huge job losses, Detroit cannot collect enough tax revenue to pay its bills, forcing it to close schools and lay off city workers．Cutbacks then cause others to flee the city． 　　"It's part of a pattern for the heavily industrialized cities," says Dana Johnson, an economist in Detroit．"There's been an ongoing dynamic(变化)here of people fleeing the city looking for better schools, better lifestyles, better services．" 　　Detroit is hardly alone．After World War II, the US was the world's leading manufacturer．Cars, televisions, toys, and clothing made in America were exported around the world．As a result, the well-paid factory workers formed the backbone of a rising middle class．In the last three decades, the US economy has changed．Companies have moved factories overseas to take advantage of lower wages in Asia, Latin America, and Eastern Europe． 　　Where are people who leave the northeast and midwest going?They are moving south and west, another broad trend．In general, people are moving to where it's warmer, less expensive and less crowded, or where jobs are more plentiful in growing service industries like health care, in the technology sector, or in factories that moved from the northeast or midwest． 　　In a sense, the computer chips of San Jose, the new 10th largest city, in the heart of what is known as Silicon Valley, have replaced the sheet metal and molten steel of Detroit as the symbol of American economic power． (1) The main difficulty that Detroit is now facing is ________． [　　] A． the factory closings and huge job losses B． many people's moving to the south and west C． the poor quality of the automobile D． the lack of the computer chips (2) Which of the following isn't the trend of the change? [　　] A． The decline of the manufacturing economy． B． Companies' moving overseas． C． The end of the US cities' development． D． The migration of Americans to the south and west． (3) Which of the following is not true about San Jose? [　　] A． The newly-listed 10th largest city． B． The heart of Silicon Valley． C． The symbol of American economic power． D． The centre of the heavily industrialized cities． (4) Which statement is not correct according to the passage? [　　] A． Detroit has been on the list of the Top 10 most populous US cities for over a century． B． People immigrate south and west to take advantage of lower wages there． C． The US was an important exporting country in the middle of the last century． D． The US economy now is not as prosperous as 30 years ago．

Answer 1

答案：1．A;2．C;3．D;4．B;
解析：

(1)	细节题。短文第二段提到：底特律曾经一度是美国汽车工业的中心，但在过去的几年中，美国汽车行业的“三巨头” 通用、福特、克莱斯勒纷纷关门歇业，大批裁员。随着工厂关门和大批工人失业，底特律税收锐减，入不敷出，于是被迫关闭学校，解聘城市工人。由此可知底特律目前面临的最大困难是：工厂关门歇业和大批工人失业。
(2)	推断题。短文第四段提到：二战后，美国成为世界领先的生产商。美国制造的汽车、电视、玩具和服装出口销往全球。但在过去的三十年间，美国经济发生了变化。很多公司利用亚洲、拉丁美洲和西欧的廉价工资，把工厂移往了海外。第五段提到：他们到了南部和西部，这就是美国的又一股大潮。综合上述可以推断：制造业经济的衰败、美国人的南部和西部大迁移以及很多公司把工厂移往了海外是这些变化的趋势。
(3)	归纳题。短文最后一段提到：“总之，从某种意义上说，位于硅谷心脏地带的新兴十大城市之一圣何赛，凭借它的计算机芯片，已经取代了钢筋水泥城市底特律，成为美国经济力量的象征。”综合上述信息，“重工业中心”不在其例。
(4)	解析：细节题。根据短文第三段最后一句“人们会离开这里，去寻找更好的学校、生活方式以及服务，这种情况将持续下去。”和第五段最后一句“人们一般选择去气候温暖、物价便宜、不太拥挤的地方，或者选择保健等发展中的服务工业、技术行业或者从东北部到中西部的工厂等工作机会比较多的地方。”可得答案。很多公司把工厂移往了海外是利用那里的廉价工资。 　　总结：这是一篇史地类阅读材料。美国统计调查局最新对美国城市的调查结果表明，全美十大城市榜有变化，底特律第一次被排弃在外，取而代之的是加州的圣何塞市。这种变化说明了什么呢？