Question

【题目】Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

Sustainable Transport in Cities

Transporthas always shaped cities. In Medieval times crossroads gave birth to bloomingmarket towns. Many North American cities were created for the car. But how arethe cities of today being shaped by a need for more sustainable transport?

Manylocal governments are speeding up change through policy initiatives such asjoined transport, congestion charges and low emission zones, sustainablegaining and life-cycle costing, and opening data up to companies and academics.And these city level policies can move markets in more sustainable directions.【1】 This ha resulted in five vehicle manufacturers committing to meetingthat deadline, which is both in their own commercial interests and good for theenvironment.

The least dense cities, for example, Houston, have per capita（人均价）carbonemissions nearly ten times higher than the densest, such as Singapore. 【2】This involves gathering mixed use developments around a key transport center, as with the KL Central area in Kuala Lumpur, built around the largest railway station in Southeast Asia.

【3】Others are using motivations and behavioral change to encourage people to choose more efficient -- and often healthier -- forms of transport. Copen has a number of progressive cycling policies including the Green Wave, whichallows people cycling at 20km /h to hit all green lights during rush hour.

Light weighing and new engine and fuel technologies are helping to make existing road and rail vehicles more efficient. 【4】 The main options are hydrogen fuelcells, fossil fuel hybrids, and electric vehicles, and the best solution may well vary from city to city.

A. Many options require city - level investment in new facilities.

B. However, it is not yet clear which technologies and fuels cities will back.

C. Through their actions, city governments today are helping to shape the cities of the future.

D. For example, London is requiring all newly licensed taxis to be zero - emission capable from 2018.

E. City planners are using transport - oriented development to increase density while maintaining quality of life and property value.

F. Some cities, such as Delhi, are investing heavily in creating the mass transport systems needed to change how citizens travel.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】E

【3】F

【4】B

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些城市的可持续交通的发展。

【1】空前提到了一些城市可持续的交通政策，空后又说这导致了五家汽车制造商承诺在最后期限前完工，这既符合他们自己的商业利益，也有利于环境，因此此处应该会提到一个有利环境的交通政策，故D项（例如，伦敦要求所有新注册的出租车从2018年开始做到零排放）符合语境。

【2】空前提到了碳排放量与人口密度的关系，空后说这涉及到围绕一个重要的交通中心聚集多用途开发项目，如吉隆坡的中央区域，该区域围绕东南亚最大的火车站而建，因此此处是说通过交通来影响人口密度，故E项（城市规划者正在利用以交通为导向的发展来增加密度，同时保持生活质量和财产价值）符合语境。

【3】空后说另一些（城市）则利用动机和行为改变来鼓励人们选择更高效、更健康的交通方式，因此此处讲的应该是关于某些城市改变人们交通方式的话题，some…others构成搭配，表示“一些……，另一些则……”，故F项（一些城市，如德里，正在大力投资建设改变市民出行方式所需的公共交通系统）符合语境。

【4】空前说轻量化和新的发动机和燃料技术有助于提高现有公路和铁路车辆的效率，空后又说主要选择是氢燃料电池、化石燃料混合动力车和电动汽车，最佳解决方案可能因城市而异，因此此处应该会提到燃料和技术，并与上文形成转折关系（不确定使用哪种技术和燃料），故B项（然而，目前还不清楚哪些技术和燃料将会回到城市）符合语境。

在六选四的解题过程中，一些固定搭配的句式特点往往是重要线索，例如本篇第3题，根据空后的“Others are using motivations and behavioral change to encourage people to choose more efficient -- and often healthier -- forms of transport.”可知，另一些（城市）则利用动机和行为改变来鼓励人们选择更高效、更健康的交通方式，因此此处讲的应该是关于某些城市改变人们交通方式的话题，而且Others 是重要线索，提示空处会出现some从而构成some…others的搭配，表示“一些……，另一些则……”，故F项（一些城市，如德里，正在大力投资建设改变市民出行方式所需的公共交通系统）符合语境。