Question

【题目】In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity. Others say that competition is bad; that it sets one person against another; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.

I have taught many children who held the belief that their self-worth relied (依赖) on how well they performed at tennis and other skills. For them, playing well and winning are often life-and-death affairs. In their single-minded pursuit (追求) of success, the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten.

However, while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed, others take an opposite attitude. In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society. Teaching these young people, I often observe in them a desire to fail. They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success. By not trying, they always have an excuse: “I may have lost, but it doesn't matter because I really didn't try.” What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost, that would mean a lot. Such a loss would be a measure of their worth. Clearly, this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves. Both are based on the mistaken belief that one's self-respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others. Both are afraid of not being valued. Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve(缓解) can we discover a new meaning in competition.

【1】What does this passage mainly talk about?

A. Competition helps to set up self-respect.

B. Opinions about competition are different among people.

C. Competition is harmful to personal quality development.

D. Failures are necessary experiences in competition.

【2】Why do some people favor competition according to the passage?

A. It pushes society forward.

B. It builds up a sense of duty.

C. It improves personal abilities.

D. It encourages individual efforts.

【3】The underlined phrase “the most vocal” in Paragraph 3 means ______.

A. those who try their best to win

B. those who value competition most highly

C. those who are against competition most strongly

D. those who rely on others most for success

【4】What is the similar belief of the true competitors and those with a “desire to fail”?

A. One's worth lies in his performance compared with others.

B. One's success in competition needs great efforts.

C. One's achievement is determined by his particular skills.

D. One's success is based on how hard he has tried.

【5】Which point of view may the author agree to?

A. Every effort should be paid back.

B. Competition should be encouraged.

C. Winning should be a life-and-death matter.

D. Fear of failure should be removed in competition.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】A

【3】C

【4】A

【5】D

【解析】

试题分析：

文章主要讲述了竞赛不同的人有不同的观点，作者认为应该在比赛中忘却失败的恐惧，真正的意义在于比赛本身的表现。

【1】B 主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句也是这篇文章的主题句“In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition.”可以看出不同的人，对于竞赛的看法迥异，故选B

【2】A 推理判断题。由第一段第二句“Some value it highly，believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity.”可以知道，有些人赞同竞争，因为它能推动社会的发展，故选A。

【3】C 词义猜测题。根据第三段前三行可以知道，在一些学生把成功作为增加自信的观点的同时；另外一部分学生持相反的观点，他们强烈地反对竞争。根据前一句，可以推断“Among the most vocal”是指那些最反对竞争的学生。

【4】A 推理判断题。根据最后一段倒数第四行“Both are based on the mistaken belief that one’s self-respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others。可以得出结论：这两种持不同观点的学生，其实有一个共同点，那就是都把自己的价值体现在与别人的比较和竞争中。

【5】D 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句，作者在列举2种不同的对待竞争的态度后，表明了自己的态度：只有当这种基本的、害怕失败的态度有所缓解时，我们才能找到竞争的真正含义。说明作者认为在竞争中，不要总是担心失败。故选D。