In 1880, fourteen-year-old Matthew Henson loved to hear sailors tell tales of their exciting lives at sea. The travel, the adventure, the danger, and the steady pay were all attracting young Henson. One day, he found a job as a cabin boy on a beautiful ship called the Katie Hinds. For the next five years, Henson sailed around the world. With the help of the ship’s captain and other members of the crew, Henson learned mathematics, navigation, history, geography, and many other subjects. By the time he left the Katie Hinds in 1885, Henson was well educated and had become an excellent seaman.
Unable to find work anywhere else, Henson took a job in a hat shop in Washington, D.C. One day in 1887, a man came in to buy a hat. The man, Robert Peary, asked the owner if he knew anyone with experience at sea. Peary would soon travel to South America for the U.S. government. He needed experienced men to accompany him. The shop owner knew about his young employee’s skills and experience on ocean journeys, so he introduced Peary to Henson.
Using his map-reading and sailing skills, Henson proved himself to be a worthy and smart seaman. Peary soon made Henson his assistant（助理）, and they became close friends. One day Peary told Henson about his real dream: to be the first man to stand on “the top of the world” at the North Pole. He asked Henson to help him make his dream come true. Over the next five years, the two explorers made two trips together to the Arctic. However, they were not able to reach the pole either time. The cold, wind, and ice were worse than either of them had ever imagined.
In 1908, Peary and Henson were ready to make their final attempt at reaching the North Pole. Both men were over forty years old. The years of hardship in the arctic cold had made them suffer a lot. This would be their last chance. With four Inuit（因纽特）guides, they made a mad rush straight across the ice toward the pole. Peary’s feet were injured and he had to be pulled on a dogsled. In April 1909, Henson’s instruments showed they were standing at the North Pole. Together Henson and Peary planted the American flag in the snow.
In later years, Robert Peary and Henson were greatly honored for their achievements. Today, the two friends and fellow explorers lie in heroes’ graves not far apart in the Arlington National Cemetery.
1.In paragraph 1, the author shows how Henson became ________.
A. a wonderful seaman
B. an educated captain
C. a good shop assistant
D. a successful learner
2.Paragraph 2 mainly tells us ________.
A. why Matthew Henson went to the hat shop
B. how Matthew Henson met Robert Peary
C. why Matthew Henson stopped working on the Katie Hinds
D. how Robert Peary knew Matthew Henson had sea experience
3.The following statements are TRUE except ________.
A. Henson proved himself a better seaman than Peary
B. Peary wanted Henson to help him realize his dream
C. Before their final attempt, they made two trips together
D. After they died, they were highly respected by people
4.The story between Henson and Peary could best be compared to ________.
A. treasure hunters looking for fortunes
B. sailors seeking power over others
C. soldiers fighting for their freedom
D. fighters exploring an unknown land
科目：高中英语 来源：2016-2017学年江苏南通中学高二上期中考试英语卷（解析版） 题型：单项填空
Seeing a stranger with a knife in his hand, the little girl stood under the tree, ________ out of her mind.
A. frightenedB. be frightened
C. to be frightenedD. frightening
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科目：高中英语 来源：2017届广东实验中学高三10月考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Need for closure is a psychological term that describes a person's desire for a firm answer to a question. Our need for closure is our natural preference for definite answers over confusion and uncertainty. Every person has their own baseline level of need for closure. It likely evolved via natural selection.
What I find really fascinating is how our need for closure is affected by the situation we're in. Our need for closure rises when we have to act rather than just observe, and it matters much more when we're rushed, or bored, or tired. Any stress can make our discomfort with uncertainty increase, and a high need for closure negatively influences some of our most important decisions: who we decide to trust, whether we admit we're wrong and even how creative we are.
In hiring, for instance, a high need for closure leads people to put far too much weight on their first impression. It's called the Urgency Effect. In one experiment, psychologists tried to lower people's need for closure by telling them, right before participants are about to make various judgments of a job candidate, that they'll be responsible in some way for them, or that their judgments have serious consequences.
In making any big decision, it's not enough just to know that we should take our time. We all know that important decisions shouldn't be rushed. The problem is that we don't keep that advice in mind when it matters. So, one of the best solutions is to formalize the reminders. Before making important decisions, write down not just advantages and disadvantages but what the consequences could be. Also, think about how much pressure you're under. If your need for closure is particularly high that day, it's even more important to think twice.
1.How does "need for closure" probably come into being?
A. By accident. B. By nature.
C. By acquiring. D. By imitating.
2.It can be inferred that a high need for closure ______.
A. brings about more stress
B. leads to not so good decisions
C. causes discomfort and uncertainty
D. promotes one's creativity
3. In the experiment the psychologists reduced participants’ need for closure by telling them to ______.
A. value their first impression
B. be responsible for their boss
C. be cautious about their judgments
D. pay little attention to the consequences
4.What would the author probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?
A. More helpful solutions to high need for closure.
B. Some serious consequences of making decisions.
C. Other approaches to making important decisions.
D. Another strategy to escape the pressures of modern life.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2017届江西九江十校高三第一次联考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The snow is gone and green grass can be seen growing close to the sunny side of homes. The birds in the back yard are singing in the bush. Spring is here, and with come memories of the smell of , new sneakers, and longer days.
As a kid, I knew spring arrived when I walked into the house after school and paint. The first warm day would cause my mum to have the idea of . She opened the windows, let the fresh air in, opened a can of paint, and put a fresh on the walls of a room.
Spring was also the time to change . In Nova Scotia, we had snow on the ground almost from late December until late March. We spent all of our time outside wearing our winter boots. To run in them was like running with two weighty bags.
In late April or early May, mum would take us to the town to buy a new pair of light for each of us. I still remember the rubber , with the trademark imprinted on it. After a month or two, small hands would tear it off, and leave a circle, darker than the material around it.
Later, when we returned home, my brothers and I our new sneakers. The door shut behind us when we rushed out, causing a shout of from our dad. Then we ran across the fields. The weight of the heavy winter boots was . It felt like we were through the air or we could jump thirty feet like a kangaroo. The thoughts of summer’s approach and the wind of spring rushing past our uncovered ears were .
When life gets me down; when everything seems ; I don’t let it me. I would let my room put on a new coat of paint, pull on a new pair of sneakers, and just run like it was spring.
1.A．autumn B．spring C．winter D．summer
2.A．flowers B．food C．wine D．paint
3.A．smelled B．bought C．made D．matched
4.A．adventure B．communication C．decoration D．happiness
5.A．coat B．jacket C．sweater D．shirt
6.A．socks B．caps C．gloves D．shoes
7.A．especially B．normally C．continuously D．commonly
8.A．new B．heavy C．light D．soft
9.A．pants B．trousers C．sneakers D．glasses
10.A．circle B．rabbit C．line D．star
11.A．ugly B．colorful C．new D．faded
12.A．tore down B．put on C．made up D．turned down
13.A．heavily B．slightly C．gently D．slowly
14.A．excitement B．joy C．surprise D．anger
15.A．increasing B．coming C．gone D．measured
16.A．running B．flying C．walking D．riding
17.A．warm B．cold C．biting D．strong
18.A．terrible B．negative C．delightful D．fearful
19.A．successful B．hopeless C．satisfying D．hopeful
20.A．cheat B．change C．win D．affect
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科目：高中英语 来源：2017届山西“晋商四校”高三11月联考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误仅限1词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Li Lin is a senior three students who devotes himself to his lessons every day．Last Saturday, as usual, he went to several courses．In the evening, he studies at home until deep into the night．He was too sleepy and tired that he couldn't work effectively．In Sunday morning, Li Lin was about to study when his father came up and advised him to have a break．Soon they had good idea．They bought a kite which they liked it very much and then the family went to the suburbs where Li Lin enjoyed himself fly the kite．The family had a picnic together but felt very relaxed in the open air．On Monday, Li Lin was energetic and actively in class．He said it was only why he had a better weekend.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2016-2017学年安徽黄山屯溪一中高二上期中考试英语卷（解析版） 题型：语法填空
阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
God has blessed me with a lovely brother. He is 4 years younger than me. I still remember the scene ____1.____ he was born . When he was a little baby, he always used to cry for no reason and hardly slept. He never allowed me and my parents ____2.____ (sleep) well.
With time _____3.___(go) by, he became a little older. He used to enjoy __4.__ by snatching(抢) all my toys away from me. As a result ,I was always angry .__ 5.___ , my parents said that he wasn’t __6._____(blame) as my younger brother and I should make him learn to share things.
Now, although we still fight over things, we both love each other ____7.____(deep). We share the same school and have the same __8.__, like doing sports, singing and reading.
We do a lot of secret things without informing our parents and if __ 9.__(catch), we will join hands to deal with the situation. Life is fun when we are together. As we are growing old day by day, we are becoming ___10.___ (responsibility) for our duties than before. And we know that no matter where we go in life, we both are always there for each other to face the hardships of life.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2016-2017学年贵州铜仁一中高一上半期英语试卷（解析版） 题型：书面表达
假定你是李华，你的班级准备举行一场中秋诗会。请代表班级给外教Mr. Hill 写一封英文邀请函。
主要内容包括：
1.活动时间：九月十五日晚七点至九点。
2.活动地点南湖公园。
3.活动内容：赏月，品尝月饼，朗诵诗歌等。
参考词汇：诗歌朗诵会：poetry recital party.南湖公园：South Lake Park.
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；。
Dear Mr Hill,
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
Yours,Li Hua
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科目：高中英语 来源：2016-2017学年贵州遵义航天高中高二上期中考试英语卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
The National Gallery
Description:
The National Gallery is the British national art museum built on the north side of European art ranging from 13th-century religious paintings to more modern ones by Renoir and Van Gogh. The older collections of the gallery are reached through the main entrance while the more modern works in the East Wing are most easily reached from Trafalgar Square by a ground floor entrance.
Layout:
The modern Sainsbury Wing on the western side of the building houses 13th-to15th-century paintings, and artists include Duccio, Uccello, VanEyck, Lippi, Mantegna, Botticelli and Memling.
The main West Wing houses 16th-century paintings, and artists include Leonardo da Vinci, Cranach, Michelangelo, Raphael, Bruegel, Bronzino, Titan and Veronest.
The North Wing houses 17th-century paintings, and artists include Caravaggio, Rubens, Poussin, Van Dyck, Velazquez, Claude and Vermeer.
The East Wing houses 18th-to early 20th-century paintings, and artists include Canaletto, Goya, Turner, Constable, Renoir and Van Gogh.
Opening Hours:
The Gallery is open every day from 10am to 6pm（Fridays 10am to 9pm）and is free, but charges apply to some special exhibitions.
Getting There:
Nearest underground stations: Charing Cross（2-minute walk）. Leicester Square（3-minute walk）,Embankment（7-minute walk）,and Piccadilly Circus（8-minute walk）.
1.Where should you enter to enjoy the older collections ?
A．The main entrance.
B．The ground floor entrance.
C．The Trafalgar Square.
D．The East Wing.
2.In which century’s collection can you see paintings in the modern Sainsbury Wing ?
A．The 12th. B．The 14th.
C．The 16th. D．The 18th.
3.Where are Van Gogh’s works shown?
A. In the Sainsbury Wing.
B. In the main West Wing.
C. In the North Wing.
D. In the East Wing.
4.Which of the following is true according to the last 2 paragraphs?
A．You can enjoy the Gallery at 6am on Thursdays.
B．You are advised to go there only on Fridays.
C．Any special exhibitions are absolutely free of charge.
D．Charing Cross is the closest station to the Gallery.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2016-2017学年吉林省吉林市高二9月考英语卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
You get on an almost-empty bus, but the next passenger decides to ignore all the empty seats to sit right next to you. While you are waiting in line at the supermarket, the next
customer stands just behind you shouting into his phone.
These are attacks of the personal space invaders(侵略者). Though preferences for personal space differ from culture to culture, we Britons do love our independence and personal space.
As the British customs website Debrett has said, as a British person, somebody standing too close may make you “focus less on what somebody is saying than on how close they are to you”. Simple acts like putting an arm around someone you don’t know that well may seem friendly in China, but they can make us very uncomfortable. The ediplomat.com website explains: “The British are not back slappers (拍打者) or touchers and generally do not show affection (喜欢) in public.”
Being a British person around people from other countries can therefore be full of problems. People from many European countries such as France and Spain kiss each other on the cheek when they meet, yet to us this seems too friendly and “touchy-feely”.
Simple matters like how close others stand can be problems to Britons who want to keep their own personal space. Giving advice on how to behave around a British person, Debrett’s says that “if you can feel the warmth of their worried breath upon your face, then you’re standing too close”.
So, are British people unfriendly? No. The ediplomat.com website explains that we are not as “indifferent” as we may seem, but “very friendly and helpful to foreigners”. However, we do have different ideas about our own space to many people from other countries. Just let us know if you’re going to come any closer than arm’s length, and you’ll be fine!
1.What is the article mainly about?
A. How to make friends with British people.
B. Some tips on British table manners.
C. Ways in which British people show affection.
D. British people’s preference for personal space.
2.If you were meeting a British person for the first time, it would be polite of you to ______, according to the article.
A. kiss him/her on the cheek
B. put an arm around him/her
C. keep an arm’s length away from him/her
D. slap his/her back or shake his/her hands
3.The underlined word “indifferent” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to “_____”.
A. cold B. modest
C. gentlemanlike D. independent
4.What can we conclude from the article?
A. British people like to sit next to others on empty buses.
B. British people are helpful, although they may not appear to be.
C. British people do not like staying with other Europeans.
D. British people are happy to show affection in public.
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