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    Milan, the second largest city of Italy, has won an undesirable world record. Of the 54 big cities studied by the World Health Organization and the United Nations, Milan is considered to have the worst air pollution. According to these two10-year studies, the level of air pollution in Milan is twice as high as the levels in Paris and Beijing and three times those in Tokyo and London, and four times that in New York. The reason for Milan's bad pollution, to some experts, is that the city lies in a valley that holds back the poisonous gases. Though Milan has taken some measures to lower the level of pollution, the situation is still worrying. People joke to each other, "If you are traveling to Milan, be sure to bring your gas mask." In order to reduce the use of private cars, in 1979, the government in Milan began an interesting experiment: passengers in the city buses did not have to pay for their tickets.
    小题1:Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in the text?
    A．Milan's air is considered to be worst polluted in Europe.
    B．Experts think that the air in Milan is badly polluted.
    C．The reason for the air pollution in Milan.
    D．Measures have been taken by Milan to reduce the air pollution.
    小题2:Which of the following cities keeps the lowest level of air pollution?
    A．London.B．Tokyo.
    C．New York.D．Paris.
    小题3:Why is the air pollution in Milan so serious?
    A．Because too many cars are being driven in the city every day.
    B．Because the city lies in a place where there are some mountains near it.
    C．Because Milan has taken some measures to encourage people to buy private cars.
    D．Because the city lies in a place where it is difficult for polluted air to move away.
    小题4:According to the text, which of the following is TRUE?
    A．Milan has taken some measures and the air pollution is being reduced.
    B．Milan has taken some action, but the air pollution is still troublesome.
    C．Milan has made no effort so far to lower the level of pollution.
    D．Milan will taken every step to reduce the air pollution

    小题1:A
    小题2:C
    小题3:D
    小题4:B
    略
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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    It was my first day at school in London and I was half-excited and half-frightened. On my way to school I wondered what sort of questions the other boys would ask me and rehearsed (practiced) all the answers: “I am nine years old. I was born here but I haven’t lived here since I was two. I was living in Farley. It’s about thirty miles away. I came back to London two months ago.” I also wondered if it was the custom for boys to fight strangers like me, but I was tall for my age. I hoped they would decide not to risk it.
    No one took any notice of me before school. I stood in the center of the playground, expecting someone to say “hello”, but no one spoke to me. When a teacher called my name and told me where my classroom was, one or two boys looked at me but that was all the curiosity my arrival aroused.
    My teacher was called Mr Jones. There were 42 boys in the class, so I didn’t stand out there, either, until the first lesson of the afternoon. Mr Jones was very fond of Charles Dickens and he had decided to read aloud to us from David Copperfield, but first he asked several boys if they knew Dickens’ birthplace, but no one guessed right. A boy called Brian, the biggest in the class, said: “Timbuktu”, and Mr Jones went red in the face. Then he asked me. I said: “Portsmouth”, and everyone stared at me because Mr Jones said I was right. This didn’t make me very popular, of course.
    “He thinks he’s clever,” I heard Brian say.
    After that, we went out to the playground to play football. I was in Brian’s team, and he obviously had Dickens in mind because he told me to go in goal. No one ever wanted to be the goalkeeper.
    “He’s big enough and useless enough,” Brian said when someone asked him why he had chosen me.
    I suppose Mr Jones remembered Dickens, too, because when the game was nearly over, Brian pushed one of the players on the other team, and he gave them a penalty. As the boy kicked the ball hard along the ground to my right, I threw myself down instinctively and saved it. All my team crowded round me. My bare knees were grazed and bleeding. Brian took out a handkerchief and offered it to me.
    “Do you want to join my gang (team)?” he said.
    At the end of the day, I was no longer a stranger.
    51．The writer prepared to answer all of the following questions EXCEPT “________”.
    A. How old are you?                                                        B. where are you from?
    C. Do you want to join my gang?                                 D. When did you come back to London?
    52．We can learn from the passage that ________.
    A. boys were usually unfriendly to new students   
    B. the writer was not greeted as he expected
    C. Brian praised the writer for his cleverness
    D. the writer was glad to be a goalkeeper
    53．The underlined part “I didn’t stand out” in paragraph 3 means that the writer was not ________.
    A. noticeable                      B. welcome                         C. important                       D. outstanding
    54．The writer was offered a handkerchief because ________.
    A. he threw himself down and saved the goal         B. he pushed a player on the other team
    C. he was beginning to be accepted                           D. he was no longer a new comer

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解


    In the college-admissions wars, we parents are the true fighters. We’re pushing our kids to get good grades, take SAT preparatory courses and build resumes so they can get into the college of our first choice. I’ve twice been to the wars, and as I survey the battlefield, something different is happening. We see our kids’ college background as a prize demonstrating how well we’ve raised them. But we can’t acknowledge that our obsession(痴迷) is more about us than them. So we’ve created various justifications（辩解）that turn out to be half-truths, prejudices or myths. It actually doesn’t matter much whether Aaron and Nicole go to Stanford.
    We have a full-developed panic; we worry that there won’t be enough prizes to go around. Fearful parents urge their children to apply to more schools than ever. What causes the hysteria(歇斯底里) is the belief that scarce elite（精英）degrees must be highly valuable. Their graduates must enjoy more success because they get a better education and develop better contacts. All seems right but mostly wrong. We haven’t found any convincing evidence that selectivity or prestige matters. Selective schools don’t systematically employ better instructional approaches than less selective schools. On two measures—professors’ feedback and the number of essay exams selective schools do slightly worse.
    By some studies, selective schools do enhance（提高） their graduates’ lifetime earnings. The gain is reckoned at 2-4% for every 100-point increase in a school’s average SAT scores. But even this advantage is probably a statistical fluke(偶然). A well-known study examined students who got into highly selective schools and then went elsewhere. They earned just as much as graduates from higher-status schools.
    Kids count more than their colleges. Getting into Yale may signify intelligence, talent and ambition. But it’s not the only indicator and, surprisingly, its significance is declining. The reason: so many similar people go elsewhere. Getting into college is not life’s only competition. In the next competition—the job market and graduate school—the results may change. Princeton economist Alan Krueger studied admissions to one top Ph.D. program. High scores on the GRE helped explain who got in; degrees of famous universities didn’t.
    So, parents, take it easy（lighten up）. The stakes (利害关系) have been vastly exaggerated. Up to a point, we can rationalize our pushiness. America is a competitive society; our kids need to adjust to that. But too much pushiness can be destructive. The very ambition we impose on our children may get some into Harvard but may also set them up for disappointment. One study found that, other things being equal, graduates of highly selective schools experienced more job dissatisfaction. They may have been so conditioned to being on top that anything less disappoints.
    1. Why does the author say that parents are the true fighters in the college-admissions wars?
    A. They have the final say in which university their children are to attend.
    B. They know best which universities are most suitable for their children.
    C. They have to carry out intensive surveys of colleges before children make an application.
    D. They care more about which college their children go to than the children themselves.
    2. Why do parents urge their children to apply to more schools than ever?
    A. They want to increase their children’s chances of entering a prestigious college.
    B. They hope their children can enter a university that offers attractive scholarships.
    C. Their children will have a wider choice of which college to go to.
    D. Elite universities now enroll fewer student than they used to.
    3. What does the author mean by “kids count more than their colleges” Line1, para.4?
    A. Continuing education is more important to a person’s success.
    B. A person’s happiness should be valued more than their education.
    C. Kids’ actual abilities are more important than their college background.
    D. What kids learn at college cannot keep up with job market requirements.
    4. What does Krueger’s study tell us?
    A. Getting into Ph.D. programs may be more competitive than getting into college.
    B. Degrees of prestigious universities do not guarantee entry to graduate programs.
    C. Graduates from prestigious universities do not care much about their GRE scores.
    D. Connections built in prestigious universities may be kept long after graduation.
    5. One possible result of pushing children into elite universities is that______
    A. they earn less than their peers from other institutions　　
    B. they turn out to be less competitive in the job market
    C. they experience more job dissatisfaction after graduation　
    D. they overemphasize their qualifications in job application

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：完形填空


    第二节完型填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
    阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36—55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项
    I am not one who is frightened easily, but I must admit that one night I saw a firure that really struck terror into my heart.
    I   36   it was a cold moon - lit night when I was walking home. It was the first night of my whole life that I had been outside   37   at such a late time. There were   38  few people on the road at night. Even during the day, the road was used by only some. On that night, it seemed even   39  . While I was walking, I could hear some   40   made by creatures that love the night world. I moved really fast towards home. It was   41   because I was hungry. More importantly, I was eager to get back home for warmth. All of a sudden, I   42   an old lady in a short distance away. Her   43   was covered with a white cloth. She was   44   to me, I think.
    I was a bit   45  . I wanted to know   46   she was there at that time of the late night. I stopped walking for a while. As I   47   there, stories about ghosts (鬼) began to come to my mind one after   48  . I was soon   49   fear and started to run as fast as I could. When I reached home I could   50   speak.
    The next day, however, I   51   that place again to make sure that the woman was not a ghost but indeed a real person. But I could find no footprints there   52   a banana plant. I realized then that it was the banana plant with its leaves moving in the gentle wind that   53   like a woman waving her hand. I had indeed made a fool of myself; but after the   54   night’s experience, this   55   was small relief to me.
    36．A．realized       B．recognized       C．remembered     D．reminded
    37．A．alone         B．asleep          C．awake          D．lonely
    38．A．never              B．often         C．seldom        D．rarely
    39．A．busier          B．noisier         C．quieter         D．wider
    40．A．noises          B．quarrels       C．songs         D．voices
    41．A．completely       B．mainly         C．obviously     D．partly
    42．A．made sense of  B．caught sight of C．got ahead of     D．took hold of
    43．A．waist         B．leg           C．head         D．hand
    44．A．smiling        B．waiting        C．whispering       D．waving
    45．A．mysterious       B．cautious       C．conscious     D．curious
    46．A．why         B．when         C．what         D．how
    47．A．lay           B．sat            C．stood         D．walked
    48．A．another        B．other         C．others          D．the other
    49．A．addicted to       B．filled with     C．far from      D．short of
    50．A．clearly         B．easily              C．hardly         D．loudly
    51．A．traveled       B．visited         C．appreciated      D．went
    52．A．over         B．without        C．than         D．except
    53．A．felt          B．looked         C．smelt         D．sounded
    54．A．previous      B．next         C．last           D．following
    55．A．invention     B．achievement     C．contribution     D．discovery

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：完形填空

    第三节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）
    We come by business naturally in our family. Each of the seven children in our family worked in our father’s store. 21  we worked and watched, we learned that work was about more than  22  and making a sale.
    One lesson stands out in my 23  . It was shortly before Christmas. I was in eighth grade and was working evenings, straightening the toy section. A little boy, five or six years old, came in. He was  24   a brown torn coat with dirty sleeves. His shoes were scuffed and his one shoelace was torn. The little boy looked poor to me ---too poor to 25  to buy anything. He looked 26  the toy section, picked up this item and 27 , and carefully put them 28  in their place.
    Dad came down the stairs and walked over to the boy. His blue eyes 29  and the dimple（酒窝） in his cheek stood out as he asked the boy what he could do for him. The boy said he was looking for a Christmas 30  to buy his brother. I was impressed that Dad treated him with the same respect as any adult. Dad told him to take his 31  and look around. He did.
    After about 20 minutes, the little boy carefully picked up a toy 32 , walked up to my dad and said, “How much for this, Mister?”
    “How much you got?” Dad asked.
    The little boy held out his hand and 33  it. His hand was creased(起皱) with 34  lines of dirt from holding his 35   too tightly. In his hand  36  two dimes, a nickel and two pennies—27 cents. The price on the toy plane he’d picked out was $3.98.
    “That’ll just 37  it,” Dad said as he 38  the sale. Dad’s reply still 39  in my ears. When the little boy walked out of the store, I didn’t notice the dirty, worn coat or the single torn shoelace. What I saw was a happy child with a 40  .
    21. A. Because                    B. Since                C. As                    D. After
    22. A. survival                     B. labor                 C. hardship            D. entertainment
    23. A. way                    B. mind                 C. life                   D. time
    24. A. putting on           B. dressing            C. having                 D. wearing
    25. A. try                            B. attempt             C. afford            D. manage
    26. A. for                            B. around                 C. up                    D. over
    27. A. that                    B. one                   C. it                      D. this
    28. A. up                      B. away                 C. back                 D. off
    29. A. opened               B. smiled           C. shone            D. looked
    30. A. tree                    B. card                  C. present              D. cake
    31. A. effort                 B. word                 C. time                  D. courage
    32. A. car                            B. gift                   C. plane                D. section
    33. A. showed               B. opened                 C. gave                 D. turned
    34. A. long                   B. straight             C. wet                   D. main
    35. A. toy                            B. pocket           C. hand                 D. money
    36. A. lay                            B. had                   C. held                  D. laid
    37. A. work                  B. cover                C. need                 D. take
    38. A. took                   B. returned           C. made             D. offered 
    39. A. rings                  B. stays            C. remains             D. gets
    40. A. bag              B. treasure        C. package        D. thing

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Bicycles for rent could become as common as newspaper stands and mail boxes on Germany’s street corners if a scheme launched by Deutsche Bahn is successful.
    The German rail operator has launched a bicycle-hire scheme designed for simple one-way trips.
    “It’s a new concept,”said Andreas Knie, head of the project.
    Users must first register with Call-A-Bike at a cost of 15 euros（US$14.7）. With a simple phone call, they can hire one of the many bikes parked outside stations, at a cost of 3 to 5 cents per minute. At the end of their journey, they ring a computer and tell it where the bike is parked.
    The bikes are available 24 hours a day, seven days a week.
    No one will be breaking speed records with Call-A-Bike bicycles. They weigh in at 25 kilograms, at least double the weight of a normal bicycle, though they do have eight gears（齿轮）.
    “They are pretty heavy, but we don’t want people taking them on the train or into the subway,” Knie said.
    They are also designed with parts that do not fit a normal bicycle. Even the screws are irregular and the bike looks so odd that thieves would stand out.
    Vandalism and theft have led to the downfall of previous schemes which date back to Amsterdam’s 1966“White Bike”scheme.
    In that short-lived experiment, anti-establishment groups painted bikes white and left them around the Dutch capital.
    However, many were taken permanently and repainted, while the police took away others on the basis that ownerless bikes were street rubbish.
    Copenhagen, Vienna and Helsinki also have free bike schemes, in which users deposit a coin in Copenhagen’s case 20 crowns（US$2.50）—to free a bike from a rack.
    “The advantage these schemes have is ease of use. But because they’re so cheap, people tend to hold on to the bikes and then there are none on the streets,”the person in charge said.
    Oslo is also planning a bike-hire system where users will pay a symbolic fee of 50 Norwegian crowns（US$6.50）for unlimited use in the city for a year.
    Users will buy an electronic identity card as a key that will register when the bike is parked or taken from a rack.
    59. How many European countries have already launched the free bike schemes?
    A. Four.                                B. Five.                                C. Six.                                   D. Seven.
    60.What can be learned about Amsterdam’s 1966“White Bike”scheme?
    A. The bicycles were twice as heavy as a normal bicycle.
    B. A heavy rain stopped the scheme from being carried out.
    C. Some bicycles were damaged or stolen and the scheme failed.
    D. The police ended the scheme for traffic safety
    61.What can be inferred from the text?
    A. Bicycles for rent have become as common as newspaper stands and mail boxes on Germany’s street corners.
    B. The bikes in Germany are available 24 hours a day, seven days a week.
    C. German bicycles for rent are designed specially so that they will draw people’s attention.
    D. Germany has taken some measures to stop the bicycles for rent from being taken away.
    62.Which do you think is the best title?
    A. Free Bicycles for Europeans.                                  
    B. Tough Transporters.
    C. Customer is King.                                                      
    D. Unpractical Scheme.

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解


    In “Relax, We’ll Be Fine”, columnist David Brooks writes, “the fact is, despite all the problems, America’s future is extremly bright.”
    Mr. Brooks acknowledges that “According to recent survey, 60 percent of Americans think the country is heading in the wrong direction. The same percentage believe that the U.S. is in long-term decline. The political system is not functional. A financial crisis looks unavoidable. There are plenty of reasons to be sad.”
    But, he writes:
    “Demographers(人口学家) predict that over the next 40 years, the U.S. population will increase by an additional 100 million people, to 400 million over all. The population will be determined, hardworking and relatively young. In 2050, only a quarter will be over 60, compared with 31 percent in China and 41 percent in Japan.”
    As the rising generation leads an economic recovery, it will also participate in a communal
    (of community) one. We are living in a global age of social entrepreneurship(创业精神).
    In sum, the U.S. is on the edge of a demographic, economic and social recovery, built on its historic strengths. The U.S. has always been good at destructive change. And it’s always been good at decentralized community-building, too. Surely a country with this much going for it is not going to wait around passively and let a rotten political culture drag it down.
    51．In his article Relax, We’ll Be Fine, David Brooks intends to____________.
    A．encourage Americans to be optimistic about their future
    B．give Americans courage to face their financial crisis
    C．persuade Americans to live happily and generously
    D．inspire Americans to lead an economic recovery
    52．There are all the reasons for Americans to be unhappy except____________
    A．the function-failed political system         B．the increasing population
    C．the declining economy                   D．the wrong direction and financial crisis
    53．Over the next 40 years, according to David Brooks, Americans will be____________
    A．more optimistic and humorous            B．more pessimistic and stronger
    C．more energetic and promising             D．more considerate and aggressive
    54．In the author’s opinion, America____________.
    A．has always benefited from wars            B．has done well by its political system
    C．has contributed a lot to human progress     D．has contributed to world’s economy
    55．We can learn from the passage that____________
    A．American political system and culture are backward
    B．Americans are not a nation to give in to difficulties
    C．Americans are very destructive and aggressive
    D．America has been in an economic and social recovery

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解


    More than 20,000 drivers and front seat passengers are killed or seriously injured each year. At a speed of only 30 miles per hour it is the same as falling from a third floor window. Wearing a seat belt saves lives; it reduces your chance of death or serious injury by more than half.
    Therefore drivers or front seat passengers over 14 most vehicles must wear a seat belt. If you do not, you could be fined up to $50. It will not be up to the drivers to make sure you wear your belt. But it will be the driver’s responsibility to make sure that children under 14 do not ride in the front unless they are wearing a seat belt of some kind.
    However, you do not have to wear a seat belt if you are reversing(倒退) your vehicle; or you are making a local delivery or collection using a special vehicle; or if you have a valid（正当的） medical certificate（证书）which excuses you from wearing it. Make sure these cases supply to you before you decide not to wear your seat belt. Remember you may be taken to court for not doing so, and you may be fined if you cannot prove to the court you have been excused from wearing.
    60. This passage is probably taken from ______.
    A. medical magazine    B. a legal document
    C. a textbook    D. a government information booklet
    61. Wearing a seat belt in a vehicle ______.
    A. reduces road accidents by more than half
    B. reduces the death rate in traffic accidents
    C. saves lives while driving at a speed up to 30 miles per hour  
    D. saves more than 16,000 lives each year
    62. It is the driver’s responsibility to ______.
    A. make the front seat passenger wear a seat belt
    B. make the front seat children under 14 wear a seat belt
    C. stop children from riding in the front seat
    D. wear a seat belt each time he drives
    63. For some people, it may be better to ______.
    A. pay a fine rather than wear a seat belt   
    B. wear a seat belt for health reasons
    C. (not to) wear seat belt for health reasons  
    D. get a valid medical certificate before wearing a seat belt

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解


    第三部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
    第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
    　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
    A
    　　Soon it may be harder to stop and smell the roses.
    　　Growing levels of air pollution from power plants and automobiles have reduced flower fragrances (芬芳) by up to 90 percent in the US.That is compared with pre-industrial levels,a new study has found.
    　　The trend is unpleasant for human noses,but may be life - threatening for bees and butterflies.
    　　"Many insects find flowers by folowing the scent(香味) produced by those flowers," said the studies lead author Jose D.Fuentes,an environmental scientist at the University of Virginia.
    　　"The increasing pollution makes it difficult for them to locate the flowers and feed on their nectar(花蜜)."
    　　Scientists have alrady known that flowers produce scent molecules(分子) that bond with pollutants.The process breaks down the plants' sweet smell.
    　　With more pollution in the air,the scent molecules don't remain effective as long and travel shorter distances on the wind.
    　　The new study suggests that in the mid - 19th century,when pollution levels were first recorded,scent molecules would have been able to travel some 1,000 to 1,200 meters.
    　　Today,in the polluted air found downwind of large cities,scentst may only make it some 200 to 300 meters.
    　　The report was recently published in the journal,Atmospheric Environment.
    　　Bee farmers have reported that bee populations are dropping dramatically in many parts of the world in recent years. Could these missing scents be a factor?
    　　Scientists trying to hind the cause of bee population declines have blamed bacteria,pesticides,and even cellphone radiation.
    　　Jay Evans,an entomologist(昆虫学者) at the US Department of Agriculture's bee research laboratory,was interested in the new study.But he says he hasn't seen bee behavior that suggests trouble with scents.
    　　"Over the last couple of summers I don't think the bees in this area were bringing in much less food,"he said.
    　　"It might be that they had to work harder,but it seems like as long as there were bees to collect food they were finding flowers somewhere."
    　　But Fuentes fears that the fading smell of flowers may stress insects that are already faced with other threats.
    　　"The effects shown in these studies will simply exacerbate whatever the bees are going through right now,"he said.
    　　"It's something that is really worthwhile paying attention to."
    　　56.What's the passage mainly about?
    　　　A.How greatly air plooution affects our lives.
    　　　B.Effects of air pollution on bee populations.
    　　　C.Measures to fight air pollution.
    　　　D.The rapid decline of bee populations in the world.
    　　57.According to the passage,Jay Evans probably agrees that ______ .
    　　　A.bees are the insect that suffers most from air pollution
    　　　B.bees are at risk of dying out owing to air pollution
    　　　C.the fading smell of flowers doesn't affect bees so greatly as was thought
    　　　D.as is often the case,bees fail to locate the flowers because of the missing scents
    　　58.The word"exacerbate" in the last paragraph but one probably means ______.
    　　　A.worsen B.improve C.get rid of D.decrease
    　　59.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
    　　　A.The more air pollution there is in a region,the greater the destruction of the flower scents.
    　　　B.Bacteria,pesticides,and cellphone radiation are blamed for causing the decline of bees.
    　　　C.The scent molecules produced by flowers in a less polluted environment oculd travel longer and farther.
    　　　D.Air pollution does more harm to insects such as bees and butterflies than human beings.

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