“You are going abroad and will live there? Oh, wonderful! You are so lucky.”
Perhaps your family and friends said similar things to you when you left home. But is it true all the time? Is your life in the new country always wonderful and exciting?
Specialists say that it isn’t that easy to get used to life in a new culture. “Culture shock” (冲击) is the term specialists use when talking about the feelings that people have in a new environment. “There are three stages of culture shock,” say the specialists. In the first stage, the newcomers like their new environment. Then, when the fresh experience dies, they begin to hate the city, the country, the people, and everything else. In the last stage, the newcomers adapt to their surroundings and finally enjoy their life there.
Culture shock arises from many obvious factors. The weather may be unpleasant. The customs may be different. The public service systems such as the telephone, post office, or transportation may be difficult to work out. Even the simplest things become headaches. Still worse, the language may be difficult.
Who feels culture shock? Everyone does in this way or that. But culture shock surprises most people. Very often the people having the worst culture shock are those who never had any difficulties in their home countries and were successful in their community. Coming to a new country, these people find they do not have the same established positions. They find themselves without a role, almost without an identity. They have to build a new self?image.
Culture shock leads to a feeling of disorientation (迷惘). This feeling may be homesickness. When homesick, people feel like staying inside all the time. They want to protect themselves from the strange environment, and create and escape inside their room for a sense of security. This escape does solve the problem of culture shock for the short term, but it does nothing to make the person familiar with the culture. Getting to know the new environment and gaining experience are the long term solutions to the problem of culture shock.
1.When people move to a new country, they ________.
A. find their new life always wonderful and exciting.
B. dislike the new surroundings from the beginning.
C. quickly get accustomed to the new culture there.
D. will get used to the new life with certain difficulty.
2.Based on the passage, which of the following results from culture shock?
A. weather conditions and customs
B. public service and transportation
C. feeling homesick and disoriented
D. language communication issues
3.According to the passage, the more successful you are at home, ________.
A. the fewer difficulties you will meet with abroad
B. the more problems you may have to face abroad
C. the greater success you are likely to make abroad
D. the less homesick you will eventually feel abroad
4.Which of the following statements is correct according to the passage?
A. Cultural shock affects and surprises those who live in a new culture.
B. A new culture makes everything difficult except the simplest things.
C. Since culture shock is painful, we can never get over it completely.
D. Escaping by staying inside does solve the problem of culture shock.
科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年江西上饶横峰中学高二上学期第一次月考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：其他题
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you have a teenager who is going to college, you may have concerns about their ability to do so in the particular career field they have chosen. 1. Here are four steps to help you assist your child in making a successful career plan.
Identify Areas of Interest
If your teen has not yet selected a college major, ask about the kinds of careers he or she has thought about. If your teen has already selected a major, ask what he or she might like to do with a degree in that field. 2. .
3. .
Once your teen is thinking about a particular degree, encourage him or her to discover what usefulness that degree will have. At this stage you’ll want to be promoting the exploration of various majors and careers so that your teen has a good idea of what opportunities might be available to him or her.
Include a Financial Part
As your teen begins to identify a few potential majors and corresponding (相应的) careers, inquire (询问) about how much money he or she will be able to make in that career field. 4. .
Develop a Plan
5. This will necessarily involve selecting a college or university that offers the desired degree program and determining the requirements for attending that educational institution.
A. Encourage Discovery
B. Stimulate (激励) the Thought Process
C. What can you do to get your teen on the right track?
D. Learn about the jobs he or she has thought about.
E. You should help your teen in choosing the best option and making a plan.
F. You may also want to help your teen get an idea of how much salary is needed.
G. This step is designed to get them thinking about their future.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2014-2015学年北京市西城区高三二模英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
This summer, Monika Lutz’s life took an unusual turn. Instead of heading off to college, the high school graduate packed her bags for a Bengali jungle. Lutz, like a growing number of other young Americans, is taking a year off. Gap(间隔) years are quite common in Britain and Australia, but they are just beginning to catch on in the U.S. Lutz, who grew up in Boulder, Colo., has put together a 14-month schedule that includes helping deliver solar power to some communities in India and interning (实习) for a fashion designer in Shanghai---experiences that are worlds away from the lecture halls and university dormitories that await other students. “I could not be happier,” she says.
Why are students attracted to the gap-year concept? According to new survey data from Karl Haigler and Rae Nelson, education-policy experts and co-authors of The Gap-Year Advantage, the most common reason for this is to avoid burnout. “I felt like I was focused on college as a means to an end,” says Kelsi Morgan, an incoming Middlebury College freshman who spent last year interning for a judge in Tulsa, Okla., and teaching English at an orphanage in the Dominican Republic. The hope is that after a year out of the classroom, students will enter college more energized, focused and mature. That can be an advantage for colleges too. Robert Clagett, dean of admissions at Middlebury, did some research a few years ago and found that a single gap semester was the strongest predictor of academic success at his school.
Most experts recommend securing a spot in college before taking a gap year and warn against using the time off to lengthen your resume. “Most admissions folks can see right through that,” says Jim Jump, the academic dean of St. Christopher’s School in Richmond, Va. But for students like Lutz, who, after getting rejected from five Ivies, decided to take time off, a gap year can help focus interests. Lutz now plans to apply mostly to non-Ivies that have strong marketing programs. “This experience has really opened my eyes to the opportunities the world has to offer,” she says.
But at least one education expert doesn’t want schools spreading the gap-year message. In a study that followed 11,000 members of the high school class of 1992 for eight years after graduation, Stefanie DeLuca, a sociology professor at Johns Hopkins University, found that, all things being equal, those who delayed college by a year were 64% less likely to complete a bachelor’s degree than those who didn’t. DeLuca did not say whether these students voluntarily started college late, but at the very least, her work indicates that taking a gap year doesn’t guarantee success. “I’m not going to say that time off does not have benefits,” says DeLuca. “But I think we should not be so enthusiastic.”
1.The students take gap years mainly because ______.
A. they want to be more unusual
B. they want to refresh themselves
C. some experts advise them to do so
D. their parents think it good for them
2.According to Lutz, the gap year has made her more ______.
A. energetic B. relaxed
C. practical D. enthusiastic
3.Stefanie DeLuca probably agrees that ______.
A. students should think twice before taking gap years
B. taking gap years enables students to achieve success
C. schools should encourage their students to take gap years
D. taking gap years increases students’ chances of getting a good job
4.What’s the author’s attitude towards gap years?
A. Sceptical. B. Positive.
C. Disapproving. D. Objective.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2013-2014学年北京市西城区高三二模英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Google has kicked off Google Science Fair (GSF) 2014, its annual online competition for
bright, creative and ambitious teenagers who want to change the world with science. While the project is led by Google, it also has the backing of the Lego Group and world-famous publications National Geographic and Scientific American. The competition is open for students aged 13 to 18, who can sign-up now, form a team and begin working on a submission.
The winner will be rewarded with a ten-day exploration to the Galapagos Islands aboard the National Geographic Endeavor, as well as a VIP tour of ‘Spaceport America’ in New Mexico. Google is also throwing in a $50,000 scholarship and $10,000 for the winner’s school to purchase cutting-edge science lab equipment.
Google suggests that each project should be “an in-depth investigation of a science question or engineering problem” but otherwise, it’s up to students to pick and develop an idea that follows the competition rules.
Completed projects need to be submitted by May 12, 2014 at 11:59 PDT. Google will announce the regional competitors in June, ahead of global finalists in August and the competition winners in September.
Interested? Here are the rules.
If you want to enter the competition as an individual (个人), you should register first. Complete requested information about yourself and your project in the registration section before creating your project. You may edit this later. Click the box stating that you have read, accept, and agree to be bound by these Official Rules and Terms.
Upon completion of registration you may begin working on your project. The project must follow the technical, creative, and legal entry requirements set out in these Official Rules and the Googlesciencefair.com Site. You will be required to complete all sections of the Project Site.
You may begin working on your project after completing the registration process, however, you may not submit it for judging until you have requested and received parental consent (允许). Once you have done this, your parent or guardian will receive an email from Google with instructions on how they can give their consent for you to participate. The project will not be judged unless this consent is received.
1.From the first paragraph, we can learn that ________.
A. GSF is a science competition
B. teenagers should form a team
C. every teenager can take part in it
D. GSF is organized by Google alone
2.What is mainly discussed in the last paragraph?
A. Parental consent.
B. Submission time.
C. Registration process.
D. Project requirements.
3.If you plan to enter GSF alone, you ________.
A. should create your project first
B. you needn’t follow the official rules
C. you should provide some personal information
D. your should start your project before registration
4.The main purpose of the passage is to ________.
A. offer tips on how to enter GSF
B. provide information about GSF
C. persuade teenagers to enter GSF
D. show teenagers the importance of GSF
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科目：高中英语 来源：2014-2015学年湖北黄冈中学高二下期末考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：书面表达
暑假即将到来，某学校准备举办夏令营，开设了绘画(painting)、缝纫(sewing)、舞蹈(dancing)、护理(nursing)等课程。假设你是李华，请用英语写一封申请信给该学校负责人李老师，报名参加其中一门课程的学习。信的内容必须包括：
1．你感兴趣的课程；
2．你期望从这门课程中学到什么；
3．为什么想学这些内容。
注意：词数100左右。信的开头和结尾已给出，不计人总词数。
Dear Miss Li,
I am very glad that the summer camp will be held, and it runs many courses, such as painting, sewing, dancing and nursing.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2014-2015学年山东省菏泽市高三下学期第二次模拟考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Picking a university is a tense period of asking yourself which institution is most relevant. That’s why university rankings play such a vital role in students searching for their next academic direction. Rankings are also an inescapable part of the reputation and brand image of universities. “No university website is complete without the claim to be in the top 100 for something or other,” reported the BBC. The reason is simple: Rankings help them to attract students, staff and research investment.
Currently there are numbers of university rankings, and each has its own list of criteria. But the main categories are the same: academic reputation, graduates' performance and faculty resources.
However, experts point out the ranking process isn't entirely reliable. Mark Kantrowitz, a US financial aid researcher, said university rankings were mostly just for show. He wrote in The New York Times. “It may give your parents better bragging rights, but that's about it.”
Moreover, it’s not difficult to see the limitations of university rankings. Many rankings focus on the number of times research work is cited (引用) by other researchers. It helps British and US universities to dominate global rankings because English is the favored language of academia, John O’Leary, a member of the QS academic advisory board, told The Gunrdian. Also, rankings such as QS mainly focus on the qualities of the university rather than its students. “Any university ranking is likely to help students make better decisions about where to study, but the need to balance them with other more human factors is also important,” said Phil Moss, an education and admissions consultant. “Advice from graduates or current students can be as valuable in providing a genuine insight into the experience or quality of a particular degree program. It can also add an element that rankings can never convey -- the actual emotion of a university experience.”
1.Why do universities consider rankings important?
A. Rankings make them more appealing.
B. Rankings are students’ only reference.
C. Rankings can increase their academic level.
D. Rankings help them complete their websites.
2.What does the underlined “It” in paragraph 4 refer to?
A. Academic research work.
B. The number of researches.
C. The way of ranking universities.
D. The limitation of university ranking.
3.According to John O’Leary, what helps British and US universities rank well?
A. The wide use of English in academia.
B. Their outstanding qualities.
C. Their graduates’ excellent performance.
D. The academia’s favor to them.
4.Besides ranking, what does Phil Moss suggest you should refer to if you're picking a university?
A. Investment in education.
B. Guidance from professors.
C. Information on websites.
D. Suggestions from students.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2014-2015学年湖南省怀化市高三一模考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
A glass a day keeps obesity at bay．Alcohol has always been thought to cause weight gain because of its high sugar content, but new research suggests a glass a day could form part of a diet．Looking at past studies they found that, while heavy drinkers do put on weight, those who drink in moderation can actually lose weight．
A spokesman for the research team at Navarro University in Spain says, “Light to moderate alcohol intake, especially of wine, may be more likely to protect against, rather than promote, weight gain”．The International Scientific Forum on Alcohol Research reviewed the findings and agreed with most of the conclusions, particularly that current data do not clearly indicate if moderate drinking increases weight．
Boston University’s Dr．Harvey Finkel found that the biologic mechanisms (生物学机制) relating alcohol to changes in body weight are not properly understood．His team pointed out the strong protective effects of moderate drinking on the risk of getting conditions like diabetes(糖尿病)，which relate to increasing obesity．Some studies suggest that even very obese people may be at lower risk of diabetes if they are moderate drinkers．
The group says alcohol provides calories that are quickly absorbed into the body and are not stored in fat, and that this process could explain the differences in its effects from those of other foods．They agree that future research should be directed towards assessing the roles of different types of alcoholic drinks, taking into consideration drinking patterns and including the past tendency of participants to gain weight．
For now there is little evidence that consuming small to moderate amounts of alcohol on a regular basis increases one’s risk of becoming obese．What’s more, a study three years ago suggested that reveratrol, a compound present in grapes and red wine, destroys fat cells．
1.The passage is mainly for those ______．
A．who produce wine
B．who are eager to lose weight
C．who go on a diet
D．who have a drinking habit
2.The underlined phrase “in moderation” in the first paragraph means ______．
A．properly B．carefully
C．excitedly D．frequently
3.Why has alcohol been thought to cause weight gain?
A．Because its calories are stored in fat．
B．Because it is rich in sugar．
C．Because it changes drinking patterns．
D．Because it increases the risk of diabetes．
4.What can we learn from the passage?
A．The specific roles of different types of alcoholic drinks are very clear．
B．Resveratrol is proved to increase the risk of becoming fat．
C．The research found moderate drinking has a strong protective effect．
D．Current data clearly show that moderate drinking increases weight．
5.What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?
A．How to do some easy experiments．
B．How to prove the finding mentioned above．
C．How to make wine in a healthy way．
D．How to reduce the calories contained in wine．
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科目：高中英语 来源：2016届重庆巴蜀中学高三上学期中英语试卷（解析版） 题型：短文改错
短文改错(共10小题， 每小题1.5分，满分15分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(^ )，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用(＼)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
It is fine day today and I will never forget this special day. I was chosen to be a member of the football team and send to take part in the school football match. I was excited, but believed I would score most. But in the first round I hurt my leg and couldn’t but to give up. I felt very sad. My best friend Tom comes up to me and said, “You are great! You still played for a few minute even after your leg hurt. You are a true winner.” I couldn’t believe my ears. For me the one scoring the most is the winner. But Tom said, “The one which tries his best is the really winner.” Deeply impressing by his words, I want to say “thank you” to him.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2014-2015学年安徽省江淮名校高三第二次联考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
E
People talk about energy everywhere．Green energy, for example．Then, energy independence．It has a nice ring to it．Doesn' t it? If you think so, you' re not alone, because energy independence has been the dream of American president for decades, and never more so than in the past few years, when the most recent oil price shock has been partly responsible for kicking off the great recession（经济衰退）．
"Energy independence" and its rhetorical （修辞的） companion "energy security" are, however, unreliable concepts that are rarely thought through．What is it that we want independence from, exactly?
Most people would probably say that they want to be independent from imported oil．But there are reasons that we buy all that oil from elsewhere．
The first reason is that we need it to keep our economy running．Yes, there is a trickle （ 涓涓细流） ）of biofuel （ 生物燃料 ）available, and more may become available, but most biofuels cause economic waste and environmental destruction．
Second, Americans have basically decided that they don't really want to produce all their own oil．They value the environmental quality they preserve over their oil imports from abroad．Vast areas of the United States are off-limits to oil exploration and production in the name of environmental protection．To what extent are Americans really willing to tolerate the environmental influence of domestic（国内的） energy production in order to cut back imports?
Third, there are benefits to trade．It allows for eoonomic efficiency, and when we buy things from places that have lower production costs t1i;m we do, we benefit．And although you don't read about this much, the United States is also a large exporter of oil products, selling about 2 million barrels of petroleum products per day to about 90 countries．
There is no question that the United States imports a great deal of energy and, in fact, relies on that steady flow to keep its economy stable．When that flow is interrupted, we feel the pain in short supplies and higher prices．At the same time, we get massive economic benefits when we buy the most affordable energy on the world market and when we engage in energy trade around the world．
1.What does the author say about energy independence for America?
A．It sounds very attractive．
B．It ensures national security．
C．It will bring oil prices down．
D．It will protect the environment．
2.Why does America rely heavily on oil imports?
A．It wants to expand its storage of raw oil．
B．Its own oil reserves are quickly running out．
C．Its own oil production falls short of demand．
D．It wants to keep its own environment untouched．
3.What does the author say about oil trade?
A．It improves economic efficiency．
B．It makes for economic recession．
C．It brings benefit only to the sellers．
D．It saves the cost of oil exploration．
4.What is the author' s purpose in writing the passage?
A．To explain the increase of international oil trade．
B．To raise Americans' awareness of the energy crisis．
C．To argue for America' s dependence on oil imports．
D．To stress the importance of energy protection．
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