9．Sport is not only physically challenging，but it can also be mentally challenging．Criticism from coaches，parents，and other teammates，as well as pressure to win can create an excessive amount of anxiety or stress for young athletes．Stress can be physical，emotional，or psychological，and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout．Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable．
The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself．The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place．Young athletes can，for example，learn how to cooperate with others，make friends，and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives．Coaches and parents should be aware，at all times，that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their children．Youngsters may take their parents'and coaches'criticisms to heart and find flaws（缺陷）in themselves．
Coaches and parents should also be cautious that youth sport participation does not become work for children．The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons．In today's youth sport setting，young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport．Following a game，many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find fault with youngsters'performances．Positive reinforcement（正面强化）should be provided regardless of the outcome．Research indicates that positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism．Again，criticism can create high levels of stress，which can lead to burnout．
72．An effective way to prevent the burnout of young athletes isC．
A．to make sports less competitive
B．to make sports more challenging
C．to reduce their mental stress
D．to increase their sense of success
73．According to the passage sport is positive for young people in thatD．
A．it can help them learn more about society
B．it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves
C．it enables them to find flaws in themselves
D．it can provide them with valuable experience
74．Many coaches and parents are in the habit of criticizing young athletesA．
A．without realizing criticism may destroy their self-confidence
B．in order to make them remember life lessons
C．believing that criticism is beneficial for their early development
D．so as to put more pressure on them
75．The author's purpose in writing the passage isB．
A．to persuade athletes not to worry about criticism
B．to emphasize the importance of positive reinforcement to young athletes
C．to discuss the skill of combining criticism with encouragement
D．to teach young athletes how to avoid burnout．
分析 体育运动不仅是对体力的挑战，而且是对心理的挑战．在年轻人的体育运动环境中，不论比赛结果如何，都要给他们积极的肯定．
解答 72答案是C．细节理解题，根据句子"Criticism from coaches，parents，and other teammates，as well as pressure to win can create an excessive amount of anxiety or stress for young athletes"来自教练，父母和队友的批评以及想要获胜的压力会给年轻的运动员造成一种过度的焦虑或压力．因此减轻精神上的压力是最有效的，故答案选C．
73．答案是D．细节理解题，根据句子"The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place"运动的环境能使运动员获得宝贵人生经验，所以答案选D．
74．答案是A．细节理解题，根据最后一句"criticism can create high levels of stress，which can lead to burnout"批评只会产生高度压力从而导致人们放弃某种活动，这是父母和教练们没有意识到的，所以答案选A．
75．答案是B．主旨大意题，作者开头提出 体育运动不仅是对体力的挑战，而且是对心理的挑战，然后通过年轻人的心理的变化来告诉父母和教练积极的肯定更加激励人，所以答案选B．
点评 阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释．考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点．
