I am a psychologist. I first met Timothy, a quiet, overweight elevenyearold boy, when his mother brought him to me to discuss his declining grades. A few minutes with Timothy were enough to confirm that his self-esteem (自尊) and general happiness were falling right along with them.
I asked about Timothy’s typical day. He awoke every morning at six thirty so he could reach his school by eight and arrived home around four thirty each afternoon. He then had a quick snack, followed by either a piano lesson or a lesson with his math tutor. He finished dinner at 7 pm, and then he sat down to do homework for two to three hours. Quickly doing the math in my head, I found that Timothy spent an average of thirteen hours a day at a writing desk.
What if Timothy spent thirteen hours a day at a sewing machine instead of a desk? We would immediately be shocked, because that would be called children being horribly mistreated. Timothy was far from being mistreated, but the mountain of homework he faced daily resulted in a similar consequence — he was being robbed of his childhood. In fact, Timothy had no time to do anything he truly enjoyed, such as playing video games, watching movies, or playing board games with his friends.
Play, however, is a crucial part of healthy child development. It affects children’s creativity, their social skills, and even their brain development. The absence of play, physical exercise, and freefrom social interaction takes a serious toll on many children. It can also cause significant health problems like childhood obesity, sleep problems and depression.
Experts in the field recommend the minutes children spend on their homework should be no more than ten times the number of their grade level. As a fifthgrader, Timothy should have no more than fifty minutes a day of homework (instead of three times that amount). Having an extra two hours an evening to play, relax, or see a friend would soundly benefit any child’s life quality.
【小题1】What did the writer think of Timothy after learning about his typical day__________?
A.Timothy was very hardworking. |
B.Timothy was being mistreated. |
C.Timothy had a heavy burden. |
D.Timothy was enjoying his childhood. |
A.Children should be allowed enough time to play. |
B.Playing board games works better than playing video games. |
C.The more they play, the more creative children will become. |
D.The depression caused by homework makes children unwilling to play. |
A.About ten minutes. | B.No more than twenty minutes. |
C.No more than thirty minutes. | D.About fifty minutes. |
【小题1】C
【小题2】A
【小题3】C
解析试题分析:文章关注的是孩子沉重的作业负担,除了大量的作业,还有各种补习班。学习占用了孩子大量的时间,以至于玩耍的时间太少,这不利于孩子的身心发展。
【小题1】根据第二段“He awoke every morning at six thirty so he could reach his school by eight and arrived home around four thirty each afternoon. He then had a quick snack, followed by either a piano lesson or a lesson with his math tutor. He finished dinner at 7 pm, and then he sat down to do homework for two to three hours. Quickly doing the math in my head, I found that Timothy spent an average of thirteen hours a day at a writing desk.”可知,Timothy4:30放学后,吃点快餐,就去上钢琴课或数学课,从7:00开始做作业做三到四个小时。Timothy每天平均花13小时在学习上。学习负担重。故选C。
【小题2】根据倒数第二段“Play, however, is a crucial part of healthy child development. It affects children’s creativity, their social skills, and even their brain development...”可知,玩耍在童年扮演者重要的角色,缺少玩耍的时间不利于儿童的身心发展。故选A。
【小题3】根据最后一段“the minutes children spend on their homework should be no more than ten times the number of their grade level”可知,做作业的分钟数不应超过所在年级数的十倍,三年级的学生,做作业的时间在30分钟以内。故选C。
考点:教育类短文阅读
科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解
Harvard student Julie Zauzmer turned 20 on January 22, and her birthday couldn’t have been better: She got to working the overnight shift at the Harvard Square Homeless Shelter.
That might seem an extraordinary act of selflessness for someone turning 20. But there’s increasing evidence that commitment to community service is becoming much more ordinary to today’s young adults.
“Young adults are doing more volunteer service than in any point in history,’’ said Scott Seider, an assistant professor of education at Boston University who studies the civic development of young adults.
At Harvard, the Winthrop Street Homeless Shelter is one of 86 social service programs associated with the Phillips Brooks House Association, which is a student-run nonprofit organization. Students can work with deaf children, bring pets to nursing homes, and prepare Chinese students to become US citizens, and so on.
Volunteerism develops well outside of colleges, too. Applications to AmeriCorps have risen to a very high level, jumping from 91,399 in 2008 to 258,829 in 2010. City Year, which puts young people in high-poverty schools as tutors and mentors for at-risk students, has had a 140 percent increase in applications since its 2007-2008 service year. Citizen Schools, which uses volunteers to work with students in middle schools, has had a 28 percent jump in applicants between 2008 and 2009.
“Most of my friends know it’s their duty to give back before they settle down,’’ said Samantha Wolf, a 23-year-old Boston University graduate serving with City Year in a Mattapan school.
City Year corps member Antonio Gutierrez, 22, graduated last year from Union College in Schenectady, N.Y., and is applying for admission to law schools, but this year he is tutoring and mentoring students at the Blackstone Elementary School in the South End.
“I grew up in similar circumstances,’’ said Gutierrez, who said he was a weak student until enrichment programs changed his academic trajectory (轨迹). Raised by a single mother in low-income housing across the street from City Year’s South End Headquarters, he used to watch the red-jacketed corps members come and go, and decided to become one someday.
【小题1】We learn from what Scott Seider says in Paragraph 3 that young people today .
A.study harder than before |
B.do more volunteering than ever before |
C.don’t care much about others |
D.like to find jobs in their communities |
A.It helps to find jobs for college students. |
B.It offers shelters to the homeless people. |
C.It helps to build schools for poor students. |
D.It engages young people to teach at high-poverty schools. |
A.He wants to give back as a volunteer. |
B.He has always been an excellent student. |
C.He never expected to become a volunteer. |
D.He now works as a teacher. |
A.Volunteering spirit has disappeared |
B.How to become a college student |
C.College students learn to give back |
D.The real life of young adults today |
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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解
Parents should stop blaming themselves because there's not a lot they can do about it. I mean the teenager problem. Whatever you do or however you choose to deal with it, at certain times a wonderful, reasonable and helpful child will turn into a terrible animal.
I've seen friends deal with it in all kinds of different ways. One strict mother insisted that her son, right from a child, should stand up whenever anyone entered the room, open doors and shake hands like a gentleman. I saw him last week when I called round. Sprawling himself on the sofa in full length, he made no attempt to turn off the loud TV he was watching as I walked in, and his greeting was no more than a quick glance at me. His mother was ashamed. "I don't know what to do with him these days," she said. "He's forgotten all the manners we taught him."
He hasn't forgotten them. He' s just decided that he' s not going to use them. She confessed that she would like to come up behind him and throw him down from the sofa onto the floor.
Another good friend of mine let her two daughters climb all over the furniture, reach across the table, stare at me and say, "I don't like your dress; it's ugly." One of the daughters has recently been driven out of school. The other has left home.
"Where did we go wrong?" her parents are now very sad. Probably nowhere much. At least, no more than the rest of that unfortunate race, parents.
【小题1】This text is most probably written by _______.
A.a headmaster of a middle school |
B.a specialist in teenager studies |
C.a parent with teenage children |
D.a doctor for mental health problems |
A.lazy | B.quiet | C.unusual | D.rude |
A.pay no attention to them |
B.feel helpless to do much about them |
C.are too busy to look after them |
D.have come to hate them |
A.Parents have no choice but to try to accept it. |
B.Parents should pay still more attention to the change. |
C.Parents should work more closely with school teachers. |
D.Parents are at fault for the change in their children. |
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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解
The Allendale Cultural Center has expanded its arts program to include classes for young adults.Director Leah Martin announced Monday that beginning in September,three new classes will be offered to the Allendale community.The course titles will be Yoga(瑜伽) for Teenagers;Hip Hop Dance:Learning the Latest Moves;and Creative_Journaling_for_Teens:Discovering_the_Writer_Within.The latter course will not be held at the Allendale Cultural Center but instead will meet at the Allendale Public Library.
Staff member Tricia Cousins will teach the yoga and hip hop classes.Ms.Cousins is a skilled choreographer (舞蹈指导) as well as an experienced dance educator.She is a Master of Arts in dance education from Teachers College,Columbia University.The journaling class will be taught by Betsy Milford.Ms.Milford is the head librarian at the Allendale Public Library as well as a columnist(专栏作家) for the professional journal Library Focus.
The courses are part of the Allendale Cultural Center’s Project Teen,which was organized by Leah Martin,Director of the Cultural Center.According to Martin,this project is a direct result of her efforts to make the center a more necessary part of the Allendale community.Over the last several years,the number of people who have visited the cultural center for classes or events has steadily declined.Project Teen is primarily funded by the McGee Arts Foundation,an organization devoted to bringing arts programs to young adults.The other members of Project Teen are two students at Allendale’s Brookdale High School and three adults with backgrounds in education and the arts.
The creative journaling class will be cosponsored by Brookdale High School,and students who complete the class will be given the opportunity to publish one of their journal works in Pulse,Brookdale’s student literary magazine.Students who complete the hip hop class will be qualified to participate in the Allendale Review,an annual concert sponsored by the cultural center that features local actors,musicians,and dancers.
All classes are scheduled to begin immediately after school,and transportation will be available from Brookdale High School to the Allendale Cultural Center and the Allendale Public Library.For more information about Project Teen,contact the cultural center’s programming office at 9880099 or drop by the office after June 1 to pick up a fall course catalog.The office is located on the third floor of the Allendale Town Hall.
【小题1】The underlined title of the course in Paragraph 1 implies that ________.
A.teenagers do not have enough hobbies |
B.all young people should write in a journal daily |
C.teenagers are in need of guidance and direction |
D.writing in a journal can help teenagers become creative writers |
A.More and more people are coming to the center. |
B.Tricia Cousins is available to teach courses in the fall. |
C.Community organizations were ignoring local teenagers. |
D.Leah Martin wants to make the center more important for the community. |
A.The needs of young adults in Allendale. |
B.Leah Martin’s personal ideas about Project Teen. |
C.The center adds three new classes for young adults. |
D.The center is granted by the McGee Arts Foundation. |
A.In order of space,from the near to the far. |
B.In order of time,from the past to the future. |
C.The most important information first,followed by background and details. |
D.The background first,followed by the most important information and details. |
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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解
Because of the financial crisis in the US and UK, college students are beginning to struggle to find ways to pay their tuition fees and accommodations.
Recently, two major US student loan lenders—Citibank and JPMorgan Chase—announced they were leaving the student loan industry altogether. Because banks currently have a lack of credit(存款额), they are reluctant to offer students lowinterest loans(贷款) that need a severalyear wait for any return of interest.
In the US, many undergraduates top up their financial needs with a private loan, although the majority can get governmentfunded loans. In the 20052006 academic year, $17 billion in private student loans was used to finance higher education. The shortfall in private funding has yet to be covered and will hit many US students hard.
Across the Atlantic, UK students have been less troubled by the crisis. Most undergraduates in the UK cover their university expenses with governmentfunded loans and grants(助学金). Their biggest concern is a sudden steep increase in student rent.
Most young professionals now rent houses, since 80 percent of UK mortgage schemes(住房抵押贷款计划) have disappeared—a direct result of the credit crisis. This has boosted the house rent market.
In large cities, UK students are paying almost 6.5 percent more in rent than the previous year. Figures from the UK organization Accommodation for Student show students in big cities such as London paying an average weekly rent of $103.
Yet, despite students' suffering, the number of this year’s university applications is expected to grow. During economic slumps, people regard further education as a way to survive tough job markets.
【小题1】According to the passage, banks are unwilling to offer students loans because ________.
A.the students are poor and sometimes they can’t pay off the debt |
B.banks prefer lending the money to the young professionals |
C.banks don’t have enough money left at the present time |
D.they think college students are not studying hard |
A.put up | B.make up | C.fill up | D.pick up |
A.UK college students have to pay more if they want to rent houses. |
B.More UK students want to further their study in college. |
C.It is not so easy for US students to loan money now. |
D.College students' tuition fees have risen greatly. |
A.there are no private student loan lenders in the UK |
B.loans for US college students will be increased next year |
C.private funding falls a little because of higherinterest loans in the US |
D.private loans play a very important role in financing US students’ education |
A.college students in the US and UK are faced with their financial crisis |
B.it is the duty of the governments to solve college students' financial crisis |
C.private student loan is a good way for college students to overcome the difficulties |
D.further education is a good way for college students to survive tough job markets |
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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解
So long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching and learning, they will continue to undertake to do for children that which only children can do for themselves. Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them. It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading. Douglas insists that “reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible”.
Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes. They differ in kind and function. The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read. Teaching is also public activity. It can be seen and observed.
Learning to read involves all that each individual does to make sense of the world of printed language. Almost all of it is private, for learning is an occupation of the mind, and that process is not open to public scrutiny.
If teacher and learner roles are not interchangeable, what then can be done through teaching that will aid the child in the quest(探索)for knowledge? Smith has one principal rule for all teaching instructions. “Make learning to read easy, which means making reading a meaningful, enjoyable and frequent experience for children.”
When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are, and when both teacher fulfill them appropriately, then much of the pressure and feeling of failure for both is eliminated. Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of leaning to read by reading.
【小题1】The problem with the reading course as mentioned in the first paragraph is that ________.
A.it is one of the most difficult school courses |
B.students spend endless hours in reading |
C.reading tasks are assigned with little guidance |
D.too much time is spent in teaching about reading |
A.teachers can improve conditions at school for the students |
B.teachers can enable students to develop their own way of reading |
C.teachers can devise the most efficient system for reading |
D.teachers can make their teaching activities observable |
A.inquiry | B.observation | C.control | D.suspicion |
A.children become highly motivated |
B.teacher and learner roles are interchangeable |
C.teaching helps children in the search for knowledge |
D.reading enriches children’s experience |
A.teachers should do as little as possible in helping students learn to read |
B.teachers should encourage students to read as widely as possible |
C.reading ability is something acquired rather than taught |
D.reading is more complicated that generally believed |
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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解
Whenever anyone measures educational success, East Asian countries are always top scorers. But in a recent league table, a European country, Finland, was top of the class. South Korea was still in second place, though. Britain was at number 6.
In Korea the school day is long—typically 7 or 8 hours, followed by hours of private tutoring in the evenings. All_this_hothousing leaves Korean students so tired, they sometimes fall asleep in class next day. Worries about the effects of late night cramming(考试的突击准备) led the government to force cramming schools to close by 10 p.m. Finnish children spend the least time in class in the developed world, often finishing just after lunch, with about one hour of homework a day. Private tuition is uncommon. The British and American school day is quite long in comparison, around 6 hours, and secondary school pupils do 2 or 3 hours of selfstudy a night.
The Korean education system, like many in Asia, is intensely competitive, with students even competing to get into the best cramming schools, to help them get ahead. Finnish education is far less cutthroat. Classes are all mixed ability, and there are no league tables. British schools again occupy the middle ground, with quite high levels of competition for places at university, and schools and universities battling to come top of league tables for everything from exam results to student satisfaction. Korea and Finland both do well, yet their education systems are so different.
However, there are some similarities between Korea and Finland. In those countries, teachers have high status in society, and education is very highly valued. Those attitudes can't change quickly. But it can be done. They might be the star pupils now, but until the 1970s, Finland's education system was poor. Their thoroughly different approach to schooling has taken them to the top in just a generation.
【小题1】The students spend the least time in school in ________.
A.the UK | B.Finland | C.the USA | D.Korea |
A.students spend more time in studying |
B.students are tired of studying in class |
C.students leave their school early |
D.students are always top scorers |
A.private evening tutoring | B.selfstudy at home |
C.longhour study | D.school study |
A.Finnish students are less stressed in study |
B.there're also many cramming schools in Britain |
C.students in Korea are the most competitive in Asia |
D.British schools are less competitive than universities |
A.the attitude | B.the schooling time |
C.star pupils | D.new teaching approach |
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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解
You probably hear it all the time — people telling you to “learn English”. But does this mean children in English-speaking countries don’t need to bother learning a new language? Not at all. In fact, an even larger number of young people will soon be taught foreign languages, thanks to the mental advantages of bilingualism.
Psychologists once thought that growing up bilingual might lead to verbal delays-a late or absent development of talking. But US magazine Scientific American has revealed that this is not true, and reported that children who speak more than one language “show greater mental flexibility, a superior grasp of abstract concepts and a better working memory.” As the New York Times put it, “being bilingual, it turns out, makes you smarter.”
In Europe, learning foreign languages is increasingly popular. A European report shows that from 2005-2010, the percentage of European students learning a foreign language rose from 67.5 percent to 79.2 percent. Most European kids start learning another language at age 6. In Belgium, it starts at 3. New reforms being introduced in the UK will mean all children could be taught a foreign language, such as Mandarin or Greek, from the age of 7. The most popular foreign language for European kids was English, followed by German and French.
In comparison, Americans don’t give a fig for learning foreign languages. Compared to 50 percent of European adults who are bilingual, only 9 percent of adults in the US are fluent in more than one language, according to a 2011 report. American students are often not exposed to a second language until high school.
However, recent statistics show demand is growing in the US for people to become more bilingual. According to a USA Today chart released in July, 21 percent of US children speak another language at home. A number of institutions in the country are also pushing foreign languages in schools. Three school districts in Delaware will launch Chinese and Spanish programs next year. More people are learning Chinese, French and Spanish.
【小题1】Psychologist used to believe that children who grow up bilingual ________.
A.are more flexible mentally |
B.are slow in the development of talking |
C.have a poorer working memory |
D.are smarter in understanding abstract concept |
A.Americans are more interested in learning another language than Europeans |
B.British kids began to learn foreign languages at the earliest age |
C.21% of US children study a foreign language in the school |
D.not all schools in America are teaching foreign languages |
A.Attach importance to |
B.Have talent for |
C.Invest money in |
D.Have demand for |
A.Mandarin and Greek |
B.English, German and French |
C.Chinese, French and Spanish |
D.Chinese, German and Greek |
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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解
Two friends have an argument that breaks up their friendship forever, even though neither one can remember how the whole thing got started. Such sad events happen over and over in high schools across the country. In fact, according to an official report on youth violence, "In our country today, the greatest threat to the lives of children and adolescents is not disease or starvation or abandonment, but the terrible reality of violence". Given that this is the case, why aren't students taught to manage conflict the way they are taught to solve math problems, drive cars, or stay physically fit?
First of all, students need to realize that conflict is unavoidable. A report on violence among middle school and high school students indicates that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor insult (侮辱). For example, a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime. Laughter over the sandwich can lead to insults, which in turn can lead to violence. The problem isn't in the sandwich, but in the way students deal with the conflict.
Once students recognize that conflict is unavoidable, they can practice the golden rule of conflict resolution (解决):stay calm. Once the student feels calmer, he or she should choose words that will calm the other person down as well. Rude words, name-calling, and accusation only add fuel to the emotional fire. On the other hand, soft words spoken at a normal sound level can put out the fire before it explodes out of control.
After both sides have calmed down, they can use another key strategy for conflict resolution; listening. Listening allows the two sides to understand each other. One person should describe his or her side, and the other person should listen without interrupting. Afterward, the listener can ask non-threatening questions to clarify the speaker's position. Then the two people should change roles.
Finally, students need consider what they are hearing. This doesn't mean trying to figure out what's wrong with the other person. It means understanding what the real issue is and what both sides are trying to accomplish. For example, a shouting match over a peanut butter sandwich might happen because one person thinks the other person is unwilling to try new things. Students need to ask themselves questions such as these: How did this start? What do I really want? What am I afraid off? As the issue becomes clearer, the conflict often simply becomes smaller. Even if it doesn't, careful thought helps both sides figure out a mutual solution.
There will always be conflict in schools, but that doesn't mean there needs to be violence. After students in Atlanta started a conflict resolution program, according to Educators for Social Responsibility, "64 percent of the teachers reported less physical violence in the classroom; 75 percent of the teachers reported an increase in student cooperation; and 92 percent of the students felt better about themselves". Learning to resolve conflicts can help students deal with friends,. teachers. parents, bosses, and coworkers. In that way, conflict resolution is a basic life skill that should be taught in schools across the country.
【小题1】This article is mainly about______.
A.the lives of school children |
B.the cause of arguments in schools |
C.how to analyze youth violence |
D.how to deal with school conflicts |
A.violence is more likely to occur at lunchtime |
B.a small conflict can lead to violence |
C.students tend to lose their temper easily |
D.the eating habit of a student is often the cause of a fight |
A.To find out who to blame. |
B.To get ready to buy new things. |
C.To make clear what the real issue is. |
D.To figure out how to stop the shouting match. |
A.there was a decrease in classroom violence |
B.there was less student cooperation in the classroom |
C.more teachers fell better about themselves in schools |
D.the teacher-student relationship greatly improved |
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