4．In 1997，a London researcher came up with a startling idea on how humans would live in the future．Professor Michael Batty，a widely known urban planner，summed it up in one phrase-"The Computable City"．By 2050，he says，there will be a convergence（集中） of computers and communication technologies，with highways and smart buildings connected via the Internet in new kinds of vast information infrastructures（基础设施）．"Everything around us will be some form of computer，"he wrote．
Take the old Spanish port city of Santander as an example．After an?11million grant in 2011，over 12，000sensors（传感器） have been set up，recording everything from air pollution levels to free parking spaces．
Streetlights now automatically get dark when no one is around，while rubbish bins give notice to collectors when they're full．These advances save local authorities about 25% on electricity bills and 20% on waste management．
In a smart city，the information being produced is vast．Some experts estimate that by 2016we will provide 4.1terabytes（兆兆字节） of information per day per square kilometer of urban land area，which equals more than four average home computer hard drives．
But the Santander centre's purpose is not just to serve the local government．It also makes this sensor data freely available to Santander citizens themselves．Via their smart phones，citizens can access up-to-the-minute information on everything from local traffic jams，parking spaces to pollen counts（花粉量）．
Other smart city projects are even more diverse．In Norway，for example，more than 40，000bus stops for local transport company Kolumbus are already making scheduled announcements via Twitter．Passengers can also scan a type of two-dimensional barcode（二维玛） with their smart phones，which can be seen at each stop and leave messages about their experiences．
While in Boston，a system called ShotSpotter is using acoustic sensors to find out the location of gunshots quickly，helping the police reduce crime．
46．We can learn from the first paragraph that the computable cityA．
A．is a highly informational city
B．is a city where computers are seldom used
C．refers to a city someone describes in a novel
D．refers to a city where everything is automatically controlled
47．The underlined word"grant"is closest in meaning toB．
A．imaginary project
B．money aid
C．special permit
D．policy support
48．According to the passage，in the smart city SantanderD．
A．there is much less air pollution
B．home computers are not needed any more
C．rubbish bins can deal with waste by themselves
D．people can get the newest information on anything
49．When you travel in a smart city，what can help record and keep your experiences？C
A．All the bus stops．
B．The acoustic sensors．
C．Your smart phones．
D．The local government．
50．What would be the best title for this passage？A
A．Smart Cities in Action
B．Automatic Streetlights
C．The Santander Centre
D．Information Infrastructure．
分析 本文是政治经济类阅读，主要介绍了"The Computable City"，是一个通过新型信息基础设施及因特网，使计算机和交流技术相对集中的地方．市民通过他们的智能手机，可以获取一切最新的信息，乘客可以用手机扫描一种二维码，留下此行的信息．
解答 46．A 推理判断题．根据第一段的"there will be a convergence（集中） ofcomputers and communication technologies，with highways and smart buildings connected via theInternet in new kinds of vast information infrastructures（基础设施）．"可知，"TheComputable City"是一个通过新型信息基础设施及因特网，使计算机和交流技术相对集中的地方．故此题应选A．
47．B 词义猜测题．根据第二段的"After an?11 million grant in 2011，over 12，000sensors（传感器） have been set up"可知，在一千一百万欧元的投入之后，一万两千多个传感器被安装．所以grant指的是资金援助，故此题应选B．
48．D 细节理解题．根据第五段的"Via their smart phones，citizenscan access up-to-the-minute information on everything from local traffic jams，parkingspaces to pollen counts（花粉量）．"可知，通过他们的智能手机，市民可以获取从当地交通堵塞，停车位到花粉量的一切最新的信息．所以在这个城市里，人们通过手机就可以得到关于任何东西的最新信息，故此题应选D．
49．C 细节理解题．根据倒数第二段的"Passengers can also scan a type oftwo-dimensional barcode（二维码） with their smart phones，whichcan be seen at each stop and leave messages about their experiences．"可知，乘客可以用手机扫描一种二维码，留下此行的信息．故此题应选C．
50．A 主旨大意题．根据第一段"The Computable City"可知，本文是围绕此话题展开的，这种城市也被称为"a smart city"，故此题应选A．
点评 本文是政治经济类阅读，考查学生对细节的理解把握和推理判断能力，做题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确选择．在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．
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