"Indeed," George Washington wrote in his diary in 1785, "some kind of fly, or bug, had begun to eat the leaves before I left home." But the father of America was not the father of bug. When Washington wrote that, Englishmen hade been referring to insects as bugs for more than a century, and Americans had already created lightning-bug(萤火虫). But the English were soon to stop using the bugs in their language, leaving it to the Americans to call a bug a bug in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
The American bug could also be a person, referring to someone who was crazy about a particular activity. Although fan became the usual term, sports fans used to be called racing bugs, baseball bugs, and the like.
Or the bug could be a small machine or object, for example, a bug-shaped car. The bug could also be a burglar alarm, from which comes the expression to bug, that is, "to install (安装) an alarm". Now it means a small piece of equipment that people use for listening secretly to others' conversation. Since the 1840s, to bug has long meant "to cheat", and since the 1940s it has been annoying.
We also know the bug as a flaw in a computer program or other design. That meaning dates back to the time of Thomas Edison. In 1878 he explained bugs as "little problems and difficulties" that required months of study and labor to overcome in developing a successful product. In 1889 it was recorded that Edison "had been up the two previous nights discovering 'a bug' in his invented record player."
【小题1】We learn from Paragraph 1 that __________________.
| A．Americans had difficulty in learning to use the word bug |
| B．George Washington was the first person to call an insect a bug |
| C．the word bug was still popularly used in English in the nineteenth century |
| D．both Englishman and Americans used the word bug in the eighteenth century |
| A．Fault. | B．Finding. | C．Origin. | D．Explanation. |
| A．the misunderstanding of the word bug |
| B．the development of the word bug |
| C．the public views of the word bug |
| D．the special characteristics of the word bug |
【小题1】D
【小题2】A
【小题3】B
解析试题分析 本文是说明方，介绍的是bug 一词的演变过程。
【小题1】D细节题。第一段第一句话中提到乔治华盛顿在1785年用到这个词汇，而第一段最后一句话，说，英国很快就不用这个词，美国却在19和20世纪继续使用。推断出18世纪英国还在用，故选 D 项是正确的。
【小题2】A 细节题。最后一段In 1878 he explained bugs as "little problems and difficulties故这个单词用来说明电脑出现故障，故选 A项。
【小题3】B 主旨大意。本文主要是讲bug 一词的演变过程，故选 B项。
考查 文化类阅读。
学练快车道口算心算速算天天练系列答案科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
When you go to St. Petersburg, the number of attractions can seem large. If you are short of time, or just want to make sure to hit the highlights, these are the top must-see sights in St．Petersburg．
●The Hermitage Museum
The Hermitage Museum is one of the most important sights to see for any visitor to St．Petersburg．There are lots of different paintings by the old masters in the Hermitage．Prepare to come face-to-face with classic Western artists．
●Kizhi Island
Kizhi Island is an open-air museum of wooden architecture from the Karelia Region of Russia．These impressive structures are made entirely without nails - the wood fits together with joints and grooves（沟槽）．
●Peterhof
Peterhof is as beautiful as it is fun．You’ll be charged for admission, but go to Petethof when the fountains are working—during the day in the summer．They are shut off in winter evenings．
●The Church of Our Savior on the Spilt Blood
Love it or hate it, the Church of Our Savior on the Spilt Blood in St．Petersburg is an enthralling must-see sight．The beautiful look may make y our eyes brighten, and the painting inside the church will make you say “Wow!”
●The Bronze Horseman Statue
The so-called Bronze Horseman is a part of Russian culture and a symbol of St．Petersburg．Made famous by Alexander Pushkin, this statue of Peter the Great sitting on his horse can truly show Peter the Great’s influence on the Russian idea of greatness．
【小题1】If you are interested in paintings, you’d better go to ．
| A．Peterhof and Kizhi Island |
| B．the Hernatage Museum and Peterhof |
| C．Kizhi Island and the Church of Our Savior on the Spilt Blood |
| D．the hermitage Museum and the Church of Our Savior on the Spilt Blood |
| A．visitors can visit Peterhof for free |
| B．the buildings of Kizhi Island are made of wood |
| C．the fountains in Peterhof can be seen all year round |
| D．the largest collection of Russian arts is in the Hermitage Museum |
| A．show the wonderful history of Russia |
| B．persuade artists to study St．Petersburg |
| C．recommend the famous buildings in Russia |
| D．introduce the must-see sights in St．Petersburg |
| A．to save more time | B．to learn more knowledge |
| C．to go to the high buildings | D．to visit the most interesting sights |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Marie Claire Magazine is one of the top women’s health, beauty and fashion magazines in the world It has over 14 million readers all over the world．Maire Magazine is published in 32 countries including France, the Untied States ,Australia, China, the United Kingdom, Russia ,Spain Italy and many other nations.
Marie Claire Magazine has stood by its motto"More than a Pretty Face" since Jean Prouvost created it in France in1937. It was soon released every Wednesday and was an immediate success. Unfortunately, because of World War n, it stopped printing in 1940. But it b began in again in 1954 as a monthly publication（出版物)instead of a weekly one.
The magazine has provided women throughout the world with information on health ,struggles and life stories of women. The magazine also focuses on current affairs all women would be interested in .It also has a part that specifically answers readers' questions.
The magazine discusses all of the latest and hottest things in clothing and accessories（首饰）．It also provides its readers with shopping information to help find the best deals for the latest fashions.
The cover of Marie Claire Magazine has been graced（使增光）by many famous faces ,Although it is aimed at women, it broke new ground in 2003. The US publication featured a man一Tom Cruise on its cover for the first time．Marie Claire Magazine has continued to be a pioneer in the magazine industry.
【小题1】When was Marie Claire Magazine created?
| A． In 1937. | B． In 1940. | C． In 1954. | D． In 2003. |
| A．①②③④⑤⑥ | B．②③④⑤⑥⑦ | C．②③⑤⑥⑦⑧ | D．①②④⑥⑦⑧ |
| A．pays a lot of attention to readers's responses |
| B．has been a monthly magazine since 1937 |
| C．often has Tom Cruise on its cover |
| D．changed its boss in 1954 |
| A．It is a local European magazine. |
| B． It never refers to hot social problems. |
| C． It contains beautiful pictures and useful articles. |
| D． It has more readers than any other magazine of the same kind |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Without proper planning, tourism can cause problems. For example, too many tourists can crowd public places that are also enjoyed by the inhabitants of a country. If tourists create too much traffic, the inhabitants become annoyed and unhappy. They begin to dislike tourists and to treat them impolitely. They forget how much tourism can help the country and how tourism affects them. Tourism should help a country keep the customs and beauty that attract tourists. Tourism should also advance the well-being (health and happiness) of local inhabitants.
Too much tourism can be a problem. If tourism grows too quickly, people must leave other jobs to work in the tourism industry. This means that other parts of the country’s economy can suffer.
On the other hand, if there is not enough tourism, people can lose jobs. Businesses can also lose money. It costs a great deal of money to build large hotels, airports, air terminals, first-class roads, and other support facilities needed by tourist attractions. For example, a major international-class tourism hotel can cost as much as 50 thousand dollars per room to build. If this room is not used most of the time, the owners of the hotel lose money.
Building a hotel is just a beginning. There must be many support facilities as well, including roads to get to the hotel, electricity, sewers（阴沟） to handle waste, arid water. All of these support facilities cost money. If they are not used because there are not enough tourists, jobs and money are lost.
【小题1】 Which of the following has most probably been discussed in the paragraph that goes before the passage?
| A．It is extremely important to develop tourism. |
| B．Building roads and hotels is essential. |
| C．Support facilities are highly necessary. |
| D．Planning is of great importance to tourism. |
| A．a bad impact on other industries |
| B．A change of tourists’ customs |
| C．overcrowdedness of places of interest |
| D．pressure on traffic |
| A．use up a large amount of water |
| B．weaken their economy |
| C．help establish their traditions |
| D．help improve their life |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
While applying to college may seem easy, getting in can be tough! When you apply for college, you will have to be honest with yourself and do a bit of research to find the right fit. Here are three steps to take when applying to colleges for the best chances at getting into the best college for you.
Step l: Making A List Of Colleges To Apply To
With over 6,000 colleges in the United States, the first step in applying to college is to do some research and make a college list . This process will be different for everyone. The number of colleges you apply to can vary, from applying to 1 school (not recommended) to 30 schools (not recommended),each applicant can choose how many colleges they apply to. Many limit the number because applications are accompanied by a fee. .
Step2: Splitting The List Into Target, Reach and Safety Schools
In general, students will want to apply to three types of schools: Target, Reach and Safety schools. It is up to you how many applications you send, but a good mix would be more target than reach, and at least one safety. You will need to take your list, and now decide which are your top picks, which are attainable for you academically, which are affordable for you only with aid, and refine your broad list into a group of schools that gives you the best chance for success. Talk to an admissions counselor at your high school if you have questions about this.
Step 3: Completing and Sending Applications to Colleges
Once your list is complete you are ready to apply to college by completing and sending in applications! College applications take time to complete —you have to write essays, ask for recommendations and get test scores sent to schools—so stay organized！ All colleges will require these types of application materials, so start thinking about these items well before October or December. Once you complete and send them, then you have successfully applied to college.
【小题1】It can be learned from the first paragraph that_____________.
| A．you should be cautious to pick up the right college |
| B．you don't have to think twice before applying to college |
| C．once you apply to a college, you'll be admitted to it easily |
| D．each applicant should choose the best college for their ideal |
| A．needn’t consider about your ability |
| B．had better take your academy into account |
| C．are supposed to choose merely one most fit |
| D．are required to pick out more than 30 colleges |
| A．One should clarify（澄清，阐明） the list according to one's abilities. |
| B．Refer to admissions counselor at high school if necessary. |
| C．One doesn't have to send his test scores to the intended college. |
| D．Teachers' recommendations are included in application materials. |
| A．each applicant has the right to apply to any colleges for free |
| B．the more college one chooses, the more successful he will be |
| C．applicants should send required materials before the deadline |
| D．safety schools are those that don't have so many requirements |
| A．how to succeed in life | B．how to apply to college |
| C．how to ask for information | D．how to do a research in college |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Are you an optimist? Do you look at your glass and see it as half full? Do you believe that every cloud has a silver lining and that things generally turn out for the best? Do you believe that if something is meant to be, it will be? If you reply “yes” to all of these questions, then you are an optimist. You probably are enthusiastic, cheerful and outgoing. You may be successful at work and in love.
But you may be misguided because things don’t turn out for the best. You may believe that when one door closes another one opens (for example, you may fail to obtain a new job; another chance will come around soon). Wrong. When one door closes, another door slams (砰然关上) in your face. That’s bitter reality.
Now a book has been published which confirms what pessimists (悲观者) have suspected all along. It’s called The Positive Power of Defensive Pessimism. Its author argues that defensive pessimism can lead to positive results. Defensive pessimism is a strategy used to manage fear, anxiety and worry. Defensive pessimists prepare for the things by setting low outcomes for themselves. They carefully consider everything that may go wrong and plan for ways to handle these problems. And this gives them a sense of control. Lawrence Sanno, a psychology professor, says, “What’s interesting about defensive pessimists is that they tend to be very successful people, so their low opinion of the situation’s outcomes is not realistic. They use it to motivate themselves to perform better.”
So far, so good. This is not rocket science. Defensive pessimists prepare carefully and consider what might go wrong, whether at work, on date or even in a sports game. It makes sense to have a back-up plan. There are many sayings in English urging caution. For example, “Don’t put all your eggs in one basket.” And “Don’t count your chickens until they hatch.” To have a confident and optimistic approach to life’s problems is good. But listen to what Woody Alien, the American comedian says, “Confidence is what you have before you understand the problem.”
There are pros and cons to being an optimist and a pessimist. Don’t feel bad if you see the glass half empty. You are a realist. But lighten up and hook up with someone who sees the same glass half full.
【小题1】What’s the passage mainly about?
| A．The benefits of defensive pessimism. |
| B．A book that has recently been published. |
| C．The dangers of being too optimistic. |
| D．How to become successful in life. |
| A．there is no real proof | B．it is quite simple to understand |
| C．the cost is not so high | D．it’s not a dangerous thing to do |
| A．Whatever will be, will be. | B．The glass is half full not half empty. |
| C．Don’t put all your eggs in one basket. | D．Every cloud has a silver lining. |
| A．a realist | B．an optimist | C．a defeatist | D．a scientist |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Informal conversation is an important part of any business relationship．Before you start a discussion，however，make sure you understand which topics are suitable and which are considered taboo（禁忌）in a particular culture. Latin Americans enjoy sharing information about their local history, art and customs．You may expect questions about your family，and be sure to show pictures of your children．You may feel free to ask similar questions of your Latin American friends．The French think of conversation as an art form，and they enjoy the value of lively discussions as well as disagreements. For them，arguments can be interesting and they can cover pretty much or any topic ---- as long as they occur in are respectful and intelligent manner．
In the United States，business people like to discuss a wide range of topics，including opinions about work，family，hobbies，and politics. In Japan，China，and Korea，however，people are much more private．They do not share much about their thoughts，feelings，or emotions because they feel that doing so might take away from the harmonious business relationship they’re trying to build．Middle Easterners are also private about their personal lives and family matters．It is considered rude，for example，to ask a businessman from Saudi Arabia about his wife or children．
As a general rule，it’s best not to talk about politics or religion with your business friends．This can get you into trouble，even in the United States，where people hold different religious views．In addition，discussing one’s salary is usually considered unsuitable．Sports is typically a friendly subject in most parts of the world，although be careful not to criticize national sport．Instead，be friendly and praise your host’s team．
【小题1】The author considers politics and religion ___________.
| A．cheerful topics |
| B．taboo |
| C．rude topics |
| D．topics that can never be talked about |
| A．Sports． | B．Children． |
| C．Personal feelings． | D．Families． |
| A．They don’t want to talk much with others． |
| B．They don’t want to have their good relationship with others harmed by informal conversation。 |
| C．They are afraid to argue with their colleagues． |
| D．They want to keep their feelings to themselves． |
| A．Praising your own country’s sports． |
| B．Criticizing your own country’s sports． |
| C．Praising the sports of your colleagues’ country． |
| D．Criticizing the sports of your colleagues’ country． |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Although in the 17th century in the United States fine art and folk art had similar qualities, a difference between them began to appear as time went on in the 18th and 19th centuries artists with ambition studied abroad and came back to paint portraits(肖像) of upper-class families in American society. The less ambitious or less fortunate artists traveled around their own areas and created pictures of countryside society. Anyway, artists got trained and those simple creations improved a lot.
Around 1930，folk art began to take on a new meaning and was considered as an expression of a small cultural class. Folk art is never the product of art movements, but comes out of craft traditions. This art is based not on measurements or calculations and rarely goes with the standards of realism. It goes straight to the bases of art which the folk artists feel naturally.
The period 1930~ 1960 was the time when folk artists began to receive recognition. They often began their art careers late in life and used art as an outlet（出口） for their energy. Their materials were cheap and simple, their subjects were different, but their creativity flowed. Doing their own things became the norm（标准）, and was what made folk art so desirable.
Although it is hard to define folk art, one thing is certain --- it touches us in a special way because the artists show us how he or she brought beauty into their everyday life. Since folk artists come from all walks of life, each piece of art created is one of a kind, emphasizing color, simplicity of line and brave, simple form. Most importantly, it exemplifies（作为…的例子） the history of American life.
【小题1】What similar qualities did folk art and fine art probably have in the 17th century?
| A．They were both simple creations. |
| B．The artists of both focused on family life. |
| C．The artists of both came from the lower class. |
| D．They were both gifted creations by trained artists. |
| A．The traditions of the upper class. |
| B．The progress of art in that period. |
| C．The standards of realism. |
| D．The feelings of the artists. |
| A．They are difficult to understand. |
| B．They help artists let out their energy. |
| C．They show pictures of unreal life. |
| D．They are similar to one another. |
| A．It offered artists the freedom of expression. |
| B．Artists didn’t need to spend much on materials. |
| C．Other kinds of art couldn’t express the beauty of life. |
| D．Artists could express their dissatisfaction towards society. |
| A．speak highly of folk art |
| B．compare folk art and fine art |
| C．explain the history and characteristics of folk art in America |
| D．explain the development and changes of American art |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
INTERNATIONAL TRADE OF PANLAND
【小题1】Considering all imports and exports, what statement can be made about Panland’s trade?
| A．Panland imports food and exports raw materials（原材料）. |
| B．Panland imports manufactured goods（加工品） and exports food. |
| C．Panland imports manufactured goods and exports raw materials. |
| D．Panland imports raw materials and exports manufactured goods. |
| A．Asia. | B．Africa. | C．Middle East. | D．United States. |
| A．oil | B．food | C．wood | D．cotton |
| A．farmers | B．fishing people | C．unskilled laborers | D．skilled factory workers |
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