分析 本文为一篇说明文,主要讲述的是哈佛大学从自然界的昆虫那里得到了灵感,设计开发了第一款机器苍蝇.文章介绍了该项研究存在的困难,研究将要发展的方向和该研究会带来的好处.
解答 72.C 细节理解题.根据第二段最后一句"The added difficulty with a project like this is that…"可知,事实上那些元件没有一件能现货供应的,要理解"be off the shelf"的用法,"they had no ready-made components"就是对本句的同义替换,故选C.
73.B 理判断题.根据文章内容第三段"but then has to be matched well to everything it's connected to,"said Wood.The flight device was built into a set of power,computation,sensing and control systems."故选项A.是片面的,排除;根据第四段"so that it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites,in farmers'fields or on the battlefield."可知选项C.中的"from many sources"应为 from many sites/places,故排除;选项D.的定位在第五段"Yet,the power,sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications."可知,已经大量应用是错误的,故排除.纵观三四两段,尤其是第四段尾句"Basically it should be able to take off,land and fly around,"he said.可推断出只有B正确,故选B.
74.D 推理判断题.文章末段的"to study biology in ways…would be difficult with animals,but using these robots instead"可知,这些机器人可以替代动物,故D项正确.根据第四段"so that it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites,in farmers'fields or on the battlefield."可知A选项错误,故排除.文章最后一段中指出"You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions,you know,to study biology …"he said.,并没有说:不允许拿动物进行生物实验,故排除B选项.根据文章最后一段"Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect-scale."及"So there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really what drives us on a day-to-day basis."可知,以后会有更多的问题等待我们去探索,但并不是说过去在研究昆虫飞行方面常常方法很少,故C项排除.因此选D.
75.C 主旨大意题.A选项意为"机器人苍蝇之父",文章的主题主要说明"机器人苍蝇",故排除.B选项"来自工程学中的灵感"与文章的主题"机器人苍蝇"关系不大,故排除.D选项"哈福大学在昆虫研究领域的突破",并没有点明主题"机器人苍蝇",故排除.C选项既交待了"Robotic Fly"又讲了与真实生活中昆虫的关系,故选C.
点评 解答细节理解题时,一个常用的方法就是运用定位法,即根据题干和选项中的关键词从原文中找到相关的句子,与选项进行比较从而确定答案;推理判断题既要求学生透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思,又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断,力求从作者的角度去考虑,不要固守自己的看法或观点.
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