Question

It’s really true what people say about English politeness: it’s everywhere. When squeezing (挤过去) past someone in a narrow passage, people say “sorry”. When getting off a bus, English passengers say “thank you” rather than the driver. In Germany, people would never dream of doing these things. After all, squeezing past others is sometimes unavoidable, and the bus driver is only doing his job. I used to think the same way, without questioning it, until I started traveling to the British Isles, and here are some more polite ways of interacting (交往) with people in UK.
People thank each other everywhere in England, all the time. When people buy something in a shop, customer and shop assistant in most cases thank each other twice or more. In Germany, it would be exceptional to hear more than one thank you in such a conversation. British students thank their lecturers when leaving the room. English employers thank their employees for doing their jobs, as opposite to Germans, who would normally think that paying their workers money is already enough.
Another thing I observed during my stay was that English people rarely criticize (批评) others. Even when I was working and mistakes were pointed out to me, my employers emphasized several times but none of their explanations were intended as criticism. It has been my impression that by avoiding criticism, English people are making an effort to make others feel comfortable. This also is showed in other ways. British men still open doors for women, and British men are more likely to treat women to a meal than German men. However, I do need to point out here that this applies to English men a bit more than it would to Scottish men! Yes, the latter are a bit tightfisted.
【小题1】What is the author’s attitude towards English politeness?

A．He thinks it is unnecessary.	B．He thinks little of it.
C．He appreciates it very much.	D．He thinks it goes too far.

【小题2】What can be inferred from the passage?

A．German men never treat a woman to dinner.

B．The author think it’s unnecessary to say “thank you” to the bus driver.

C．In Germany, employers often say “thank you” to employees for their job.

D．Germans think it is unnecessary to thank workers because payment is enough.

【小题3】We can learn from the last paragraph that Scottish men ______.

A．like to fight with each other

B．treat women in a polite way

C．are as generous as English men

D．are unwilling to spend money for women

【小题4】The author develops the text through the method of ______.

A．making comparisons	B．telling stories
C．giving reasons	D．giving examples

Answer 1

【小题1】
【小题2】
【小题3】
【小题4】

解析试题分析：本文通过比较的方法介绍了英国人的礼貌，以及苏格兰人和英格兰人的区别。
【小题1】C 推理题。通读全文，以及文章第一句It’s really true what people say about English politeness: it’s everywhere说明在英国处处人们都很有礼貌，下文还提及了德国人说谢谢你的次数较少，说明作者认为这样的礼貌是很好的，故C正确。
【小题2】D 细节题。根据第二段最后3行English employers thank their employees for doing their jobs, as opposite to Germans, who would normally think that paying their workers money is already enough.说明D项正确。
【小题3】D 细节题。根据文章最后4行British men still open doors for women, and British men are more likely to treat women to a meal than German men. However, I do need to point out here that this applies to English men a bit more than it would to Scottish men! Yes, the latter are a bit tightfisted.说明苏格兰的男人没有英格兰的男人慷慨，故D项正确。
【小题4】A 推理题。在本文中作者把英国人和德国人进行比较，把英格兰人和苏格兰人进行比较，故本文是通过比较来组织全文的，故A正确。
考点：考查文件类短文阅读
点评：本文属于文化类阅读，要求学生有一定的跨文化意识，考查较为全面，主要是细节题，要注意文本内容的理解。关键是找出原文的根据，认真核查题支和原文的异同，常犯错误有：绝对化语言，范围扩大或缩小，以偏概全，张冠李戴等。带着问题，再读全文，找出答题所需要的依据，完成阅读。