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【题目】阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

In modern India, polluting sectors continue to be important pillars of the economy. Many argue that any attempt to get rid of coal would result 1 a widespread loss of jobs. 2 (similar), much of India's commercial transport is run on diesel(柴油). The idea of replacing diesel trucks and cars with cleaner electric powered vehicles 3(consider) too expensive. As the change from coal to natural gas would increase their operating 4 (cost), business owners fear becoming less 5 (compete) in an increasingly global market.

One of the 6 (large) contributors to air pollution in India, especially in the north of the country, is the agricultural sector. Every year, between October and November, thousands of farmers burn harvest residue(剩余物) as 7 prepare fields for the new crop. The practice, 8 (know) as stubble burning, leads to a smoky haze(雾霾) forming in much of northern India.

The government 9 (try) to encourage the use of green technology, such as so-called "Happy Seeder" machines 10 can sow seeds without having to remove the agricultural residue. However, this has proven to be expensive.

【答案】

1in

2Similarly

3is considered

4costs

5competitive

6largest

7they

8known

9has tried

10that / which

【解析】

这是一篇记叙文。文章提到在印度污染部门是印度经济的重要支柱。文章分析了其原因所在。

1

考查固定短语。句意:许多人认为,任何摆脱煤炭的尝试都会导致大量失业。分析句子,result in 导致……的结果。此处是固定短语,故填in

2

考查副词。句意:同样,印度的大部分商业运输也使用柴油。分析句子,提示词的词性为形容词,不可放句首。故需将形容词改为副词放句首修饰整个句子。故填Similarly

3

考查被动语态。句意:用更清洁的电动汽车取代柴油卡车和汽车的想法被认为过于昂贵。分析句子,简单句除了提示词外无其余动词,故需填动词的时态。consider和逻辑主语The idea之间表示被动逻辑且时态表示客观实在性。所以此处需填一般现在时的被动。故填is considered

4

考查名词的数。句意:因为从煤到天然气的转变会增加它们的运营成本。分析句子,operating 译为“操作的,运营的”词性是形容词,后面修饰名词。cost译为“成本,费用,代价”词性是名词,可以直接被operating修饰,但需表示复数。故填costs

5

考查形容词。句意:企业主们担心在日益全球化的市场上竞争力会下降。分析句子,becoming译为“变得”是系动词,后面修饰形容词作表语。所以需将compete变为形容词。故填competitive

6

考查形容词最高级。句意:造成印度空气污染的最大因素之一是农业,尤其是在印度北部地区。分析句子,one of 译为“其中之一”后面修饰形容词时,需要用形容词的最高级。故填largest

7

考查代词。句意:每年10月到11月之间,成千上万的农民焚烧收获残渣,为新作物做准备。分析句子,从句部分需找代词来指代前面的“农民们”。故填they

8

考查非谓语动词。句意:这种被称为烧残茬的做法导致印度北部大部分地区出现烟雾。分析句子,be known as 译为“作为而被熟知”,是固定短语。句中的be动词被省略,剩余用过去分词作状语。故填known

9

考查现在完成时。句意:政府已经尝试鼓励使用绿色技术。分析句子,简单句中除了try外无其余动词,故此处需用动词的时态。根据现在完成时的基本用法:动作发生在过去,持续到现在并且对现在产生影响。分析句意,此处表示“已经”尝试过了。此处的动词符合现在完成时的基本用法,且此处动词和逻辑主语之间表示主动。故填has tried

10

考查定语从句。句意:比如所谓的“快乐播种机”,这种机器播种时无需清除农业残留物。分析句子,定语从句部分缺主语。此处需用关系代词。先行词指物,故填that/which

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