分析 本文主要讲述了船在失事后人们的不同反应取决于船体失事持续的时间,以及在灾难面前人类的本能也起着至关重要的作用.
解答 78.The time it took the ships to sink此题的难度不大,定位到文章第五段开头The major difference was how long it took the ships to sink,注意到语法细节,改成名词短语The time it took the ships to sink.
79.The evolutionary urge to save the species and the emotional/interpersonal attachments此题难度也不大,定位到第五段最后"But psychologists noted that many factors other t…including an evolutionary urge to save the species,attachments that are formed between individuals during the event…",我们可以判断另外两个影响人们在灾难中做出什么表现的因素是维持人类自身物种发展的本能和人与人之间的亲情.
80.Because they are more important to the survival of the species/Because they make a contribution to human continuity/Because they have higher reproductive value to human beings此题难度不大,但需要自己组织语言,文章倒数第二段提到"Human beings have a deep instinct to preserve our kind",人类有一种保护自身物种的本能,而年轻人和待孕妇女可以更好地繁衍后代,保持物种的繁衍.因此可以总结出Because they have higher reproductive value to human beings.
81.The reasons why people behave differently in a disaster
The factors that lead people to behave differently in a disaster.
The factors that play a part in disaster behavior.
此题属于主旨概括题,文章第一段就提到了航海失事之后人们不同的反应取决于船体失事持续的时间,后面又具体分析了,时间紧急时,人类的本能起主要作用,时间相对较长时,社会道德规范,维护自身物种繁衍生存的本能以及领导力都起到主要作用.可见文章的主旨是决定人们对船只失事的反应的因素,即The factors that lead people to behave differently in a disaster.
点评 阅读表达,要求学生在阅读理解的基础上,根据短文后的题目,在文中找到相关的内容,并用简洁、准确的句子,将理解的内容,书面表达出来.做题时,注意表达的内容不要超出规定的字数.
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