清末举行的一次科举特科考试，论题为“《大戴礼》（即汉代戴德所编辑整理的《礼记》）‘保，保其身体；傅，傅其德义；师，导之教训’与近世各国学校体育、德育、智育同义论”，要求论证中国传统教育与西方教育同义。这反映了
A．近代教育体制已经确立 B．中体西用治国理念的推行
C．朝廷借科举倡导回归国学 D．西方教育思想成为主流
科目：高中英语 来源：河南省安阳市2016-2017学年高一下学期期中考试英语试卷 题型：阅读理解
Yuoki, a restaurant in Germany, is not your everyday all-you-can-eat buffet (自助餐）. For starters, there isn't an actual buffet to fill your plate. Instead, customers are seated at a table and provided with iPads which they can use to order up to five small dishes every ten minutes. They can eat as much as they want for 120 minutes, but having the food served at short intervals (间隔) allows diners to constantly assess how hungry they are and order accordingly, preventing food waste. Also, the owner, Luan Guoyu, believes, “our eyes are bigger than our stomach”, so not being able to see the cooked food at the buffet prevents people from ordering more food than they can actually eat.
But Luan Guoyu's most effective way of fighting food waste, and the one that has attracted media attention, is his ?1 ($1.15) fine for food still left on the plate. “It’s called ‘ all-you-can-eat’ ” he says, adding that the extra charge is not meant to increase his income, but to act as a warning against wasting food.
Luan Guoyu's system is unique in the state of Baden-Wurttemberg, but not in Germany. Okinii, a Japanese-style restaurant in Dusseldorf, has also been charging customer, the same ? 1 tax for unfinished food on their plates since 2013.
With so many people living on the edge of their nations, and food waste becoming a serious problem in developed countries, it will be interesting to see if more restaurants will start carrying out the “eat up or pay up” policy. Even if they give the money from this fine to charity, it would still help them to save money in dealing with waste, so it's a win for everyone.
1.What does the underlined word “assess” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?
A. Doubt. B. Realize.
C. Judge. D. Compare.
2.What will Luan Guoyu do when people can’t finish the food on their plates?
A. He will charge them extra money.
B. He will advise them to eat up the food.
C. He will ask them to take the food away.
D. He will warn them to order less food next time.
3.What is the text mainly about?
A. Various German restaurants.
B. The seriousness of food waste.
C. Secrets of managing a restaurant.
D. Special ways to fight food waste.
4.What does the author think of the “eat up or pay up” policy?
A. Unfair. B. Funny.
C. Reasonable. D. Doubtful.
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科目：高中英语 来源：山西省太原市2017届高三第三次模拟英语试卷 题型：阅读理解
Aging brings wrinkles, sagging bodies and frustrating forgetfulness. But getting older is not all bad for many people. Mounting evidence suggests aging may be a key to happiness. There is conflicting research on the subject, however, and experts say it may all boil down to this: Attitude is everything.
Older adults tend to be more optimistic and have a more positive outlook on life than their younger and stressed opposites. The big question is why seniors are happier. A recent study suggests one reason: Older adults remember the past through happy memories. Aging can bring more cheer as people become more comfortable with themselves and their roles in society. The older adults said they were enjoying more time with their family, spending more time on hobbies and having greater financial security and did not have to work.
But others are doubtful about the link between happiness and growing older.
"The notion that those in old age are happiest is misleading," said Richard Easterlin, a professor of economics at the University of Southern California. "It is based on comparing people of different ages who are the same in terms of income, health, family life." Easterlin added, "When you take account of the fact that older people have lower income than younger, are less healthy, and more likely to be living alone, then you will find it hard to accept that they are happier.
In fact, scientists have found that as people age, their health declines and social networks disappear as their friends die, which can make the elderly less happy.
Even if one does give in to age's dark side, health and happiness don't always go hand-in-hand. It's all about attitude. Research by the University of Chicago’s Yang suggests that attitude about life and happiness, is partly shaped by the era in which a person was born. It turns out that individuals who adapt the best to changes also have the highest expected levels of happiness.
Despite the conflicting findings about aging and happiness, the good news is that there doesn’t appear to be a limit to how much happiness one can achieve in one’s life. “Most people desire happiness,” Easterlin said. “To my knowledge, no one has identified a limit to attainable happiness.”
1.What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?
A. The key factor to older adults’ happiness
B. There is a conflict between aging and happiness
C. No one can define the limit to happiness.
D. The relationship between health and happiness.
2.Why are some seniors happier according to some experts?
A. They focus on what makes them feel good.
B. They have their own circle of friends.
C. They have better income after retirement.
3.What can we learn from the passage?
A. People of the same age have the same sense of happiness.
B. Attitude may play a very important role in happiness.
C. People who adapt the best to changes are more likely to be unhappy.
D. Older adults who have more valuable life experience are more optimistic.
4.What’s the topic discussed in the passage?
A. Whether aging or attitude brings happiness.
B. Why seniors adapt the best to changes in society.
C. What the limit to an elder person’s happiness is.
D. How older people feel compared with younger people.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2017年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试历史（海南卷正式版） 题型：简答题
根据材料并 结合所学知 识回答问题。（15分）
材料 宋太祖赵匡胤本为后周殿前都点检，960年，奉命御辽。到达陈桥驿时，发生兵变，赵匡胤黄袍加身，取代后周建立宋王朝，史称“陈桥兵变”。
对“陈桥兵变”，宋初众说纷纭，《太祖实录》亦语焉不详。宋太宗赵匡义命重修《太祖实录》，说：“史官之职，固在善恶必书，无所隐晦”，“太祖之事周朝也，尽力王室，中外所知。至于大宝（皇位），非有意也”。太宗特地指出，时值契丹入侵，太祖率兵出击，一日醉卧帐中，众将士云集，强拥太祖为皇帝，此乃时势所趋，并非人力所为。
今人研究认为，赵匡胤制造辽（契丹）与北汉联兵南下的假情报，宰相范质等人不明真相，匆忙派遣赵匡胤率诸军北上抵御。大军行至陈桥驿，赵匡胤弟赵匡义等受意发动兵变，将士们把黄袍加在赵匡胤身上，拥立他为天子。
——摘编自张岂之主编《中国历史》等
（1）根据材料，概括说明宋太宗对“陈桥兵变”的解释与今人研究的结果有何不同。（6分）
（2）根据材料并结合所学知识，简析宋太宗重修《太祖实录》关于“陈桥兵变”记载的原因。（9分）
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科目：高中英语 来源：2017年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试历史（海南卷正式版） 题型：选择题
公元前427年，希腊小城邦密提林背叛了雅典，投靠斯巴达。雅典民情激愤，公民大会迅速作出决议，将密提林成年男子全部处死，妇女儿童罚作奴隶。第二天，民众情绪趋于平静，公民大会撤销了原决议。据此可知，在古代
A．希腊小邦缺乏政治自主权 B．公民决定雅典城邦重大决策
C．大邦争霸阻碍了希腊统一 D．雅典公民大会有时违背民意
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科目：高中英语 来源：2017年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试历史（海南卷正式版） 题型：选择题
“唐初，兵之戍边者，大曰军，小曰守捉，曰城，曰镇”，镇将只掌防戍守御。宋代，诸镇“置于管下火烟繁盛处，设监官，管火禁或兼酒税之事”。镇的功能变化反映了
A．商品经济的发展 B．坊市制度被逐渐打破
C．地方行政机构权力扩大 D．边患问题得到解决
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科目：高中英语 来源：江苏省盐城市阜宁县2016-2017学年高一下学期期中考试英语试卷 题型：短文填空
The Chinese language differs from Western languages in that, instead of an alphabet, it uses characters which stand for ideas, objects or deeds. Chinese words are formed by putting together different characters. In many cases, a single character can also make up a word. The history of the Chinese language can be examined by looking at how these characters developed.
Chinese writing began thousands of years ago. According to an ancient story, a man named Cang Jie invented Chinese writing. One winter day while he was hunting, he saw the tracks of animals in the snow and observed that the appearance of each one was different. Then he had the idea that he could use different shapes to represent different objects. The first Chinese characters were drawings of physical objects. Some characters have been simplified and others have been made more difficult over time. However, as a whole the characters have developed from drawings into standard forms.
Not all characters were developed from drawings of objects. Sometimes to express ideas, some characters were made by combining two or more characters together. Other characters were developed for directions and numbers. It is easy to distinguish their meanings by looking at them.
Though these kinds of characters indicate meanings, one of their shortcomings is that they do not show how they should be pronounced. Therefore, a method was developed to have one part of a character indicate the meaning and the other suggest the pronunciation. Many Chinese characters used today were made this way.
In the 1950s the Chinese government introduced simplified Chinese characters and now they have widespread use in China’s mainland.
Brief 1. | The Chinese language is 2. from western language because it uses characters to 3. ideas, objects or deeds. |
The origins of Chinese characters | An idea 4.to Cangjie after he observed the tracks of animals 5. appearance differed from each other in the snow. |
The 6. of Chinese characters | ·As a whole, the characters developed from drawing into standard forms. ·Some characters were made by comining two or more characters together, whose meanings are easy to 7.. ·Many Chinese characters consists of two parts, one 8. the meaning and the other suggesting the pronunciation. ·Now, Chinese characters have become much 9. and been used in china’s mainland 10.. |
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科目：高中英语 来源：内蒙古包头市2016-2017学年高二下学期期中考试英语试卷 题型：阅读理解
Claude Sammut,a professor of computer science and engineering at the University of New South Wales in Australia,said it would soon be possible for robots to defeat the stars of the future.
For many years,Mr Sammut has been a member of a project called RoboCup,where robots have been programmed to learn how to play football and compete against others in a football match.
As he explains,the robots are having difficulty in learning how to control the ball and move the ball on their own,but he is still full of confidence that one day in the future they will show the same skills as Wayne Rooney,who is one of the best football players in the world.
Mr.Sammut also said,"In 1968,John McCarthy and Donald Michie made a bet with David Levy,who was then the chess champion in Scotland,that within 10 years a computer program would be able to beat him.It took a little bit longer than 10 years (nearly 30 years) but eventually such programs came into being."
"In the same spirit of a grand challenge,RoboCup aims to develop a team of robots that can defeat the world soccer champion team by the year 2050.To achieve this,or come even closer to the ambition,the robots will have to be able to sense and act in completely unstructured environments.This will require major advances in perception（感知）,decision making,learning,and cooperative behaviors.Considering robots are integrated hardware and software systems,great advances will also be needed in sensors（传感器）,energy storage,and materials."
1.The idea of designing a computer program that could defeat a chess champion came forth .
A. in 1968 B. in 1978
C. in the 1990s D. 30 years ago
2.We can conclude from Mr.Sammut's words that .
A. robots would be smarter than human beings in the near future
B. robots have more ambitions than human beings
C. robots would take control of the world
D. many parts of robots still need improving
3.What's the best title for this passage?
A. Scientists' Wisdom in Designing Robot Football Players.
B. Robot Football Players to Beat World's Best by 2050.
C. Robot Football Players' Bright Future.
D. Mr Sammut—the Father of Robot Football Players
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科目：高中英语 来源：福建省南安市2016-2017学年高一入学考试英语试卷 题型：书面表达
English weekly 向高一学生征文，主题是：“三年后的我”，请根据下列要点和你的畅想写一篇80字左右的征文，你的作文应含有：
1．学校，学习生活
2．业余生活
3．未来职业畅想
可适当添加情节以使行文完整
书写要求：字迹干净，全面整洁，给人以美感。
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