Question

Do you know how it is when you see someone yawn and you start yawning too? Or how hard it is to be among people laughing and not laugh yourself? Well, apparently it's because we have mirror neurons (神经元）in our brains.

Put simply, the existence of mirror neurons suggests that every time we see someone else do something, our brains imitate (模仿)it，whether or not we actually perform the same action. This explains a great deal about how we learn to smile, talk, walk, dance or play sports. But the idea goes further： mirror neurons not only appear to explain physical actions _y they also tell us that there is a biological basis for the way we understand other people.

Mirror neurons can undoubtedly be found all over our brains, but especially in the areas which relate to our ability to use languages, and to understand how other people feel. Researchers have found that mirror neurons relate strongly to language. A group of researchers discovered that if they gave people sentences to listen to (for example: “The hand took hold of the ball”), the same mirror neurons were triggered as when the action was actually performed (in this example, actually taking hold of a ball).

Any problems with mirror neurons may well result in problems with behavior. Much research suggests that people with social and behavioral problems have mirror neurons which are not fully functioning. However, it is not yet known exactly how these discoveries might help find treatments for social disorders.

Research into mirror neurons seems to provide us with ever more information concerning how humans behave and interact(互动）.Indeed, it may turn out to be the equivalent (相等物）for neuroscience of what Einstein's theory of relativity was for physics. And the next time you feel the urge to cough in the cinema when someone else does---well, perhaps you'll understand why.

1.Mirror neurons can explain         .

A． why we cry when we are hurt

B．why we cough when we suffer from a cold

C． why we smile when we see someone else smile

D． why we yawn when we see someone else stay up late

2.The underlined word "triggered" in the third paragraph probably means “  ’’

A．set off

B．cut off

C．built up

D．broken up

3.We can learn from the passage that mirror neurons  ________.

A． relate to human behavior and interaction

B．control human physical actions and feelings

C． result in bad behavior and social disorders

D． determine our knowledge and language abilities

4.What is the passage mainly about?

A． Ways to find mirror neurons.

B．Problems of mirror neurons.

C．Existence of mirror neurons.

D． Functions of mirror neurons.

 

Answer 1

【答案】

1.C

2.A

3.A

4.D

【解析】文章介绍的是mirror neurons的作用。

1.C 推理题。根据第二段前3行Put simply, the existence of mirror neurons suggests that every time we see someone else do something, our brains imitate (模仿)it，whether or not we actually perform the same action. This explains a great deal about how we learn to smile, talk, walk, dance or play sports.可知mirror neurons可以解释为什么当我们看见别人笑的时候自己也会笑。故C正确。

2.A 细节题。根据第3段最后2行the same mirror neurons were triggered as when the action was actually performed (in this example, actually taking hold of a ball)当动作做出来的时候，会激发同样的mirror neurons，故A正确。

3.A 推理题。根据文章倒数第二段Any problems with mirror neurons may well result in problems with behavior.可知mirror neurons是把行为和反应联系起来。

4.D 主旨大意题。文章介绍的是mirror neurons的作用。