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    13．People of older generations often complain about the selfishness and lack of respect they find among the younger genera-tions．It is undeniable that some youn people do need to be educated on mutual respect and concern for others，especially senior members of society．But we older people should have some understanding about the young，too．
    Today's society is rather different from what it was when we were young．The social，financial and psychological pressure today's young people have to face is much higher than wehat we did back in the 1950s through the 1990s．
    They are in the early stage of their career．They have to find proper jobs to support themselves and work diligently to rise．They have to live in smaller houses，becaurs they are un-able to afford the soaring housing prices．Considering these facts，we may find it understandable why young people some-times appear aloof and disrespectful．
    I don't mean that we should put up with it without reminding them of the need to mend their ways．What I mean is that we should be more patient，understanding and tolerant toward them．
    For instance，when we get up on a bus or a subway train，we should not complain about not being offered a seat．A young person does not offer a senior citizen his/her seat probably because he/she has to travel a long way to work or because the carriage is too crowded for one to move at all．
    In fact，young people do offer their seats to the seniors．I seldom take a bus or a subway train，but more than a quarter of the times I have done so，I was offered a seat．That is fair enough，given that I do not look so senile．
    But on occasions，I have seen old people not showing any sign of gratitude when offered a seat．
    China has become an aging society since the end of the last centruy．According to a recent survey，people older than 60accounted for 11.4percent of the nation's population．And the percentage is expected to rise，given the one-child family planning policy our country has practiced for more than three decades．
    In other words，the younger generations will have to shoulder a heavier burden in looking after the parents and grandparents．Theoretically，there will come a day then one cuple may have to support four parents and eight grandpar-ents．What a burden it would be!
    All this demands that we show more concern and understanding to our younger generations．

    58．What can be the best title for the text？B
    A．Should the young show respect for the old？
    B．Young people deserve more understanding．
    C．Who should be blamed，the young or the old？
    D．debate between the young and the old
    59．The author's attitude towards young people not giving up seats to the old isC．
    A．unreasonable
    B．unacceptable
    C．understandable
    D．unusual
    60．Which of the following will the author agree with？D
    A．It is the old rather than the young who are to blame for
    B．It is time that the society lightened the burden on the shoulder of the young．
    C．It is time to change China's one-child family planning policy．
    D．The old and the young need mutual understanding．

    分析 本文是一篇议论文，主要阐述了有很多老年人抱怨现在的年轻人很自私和缺少对老人的尊敬，而本文作者认为老年人对年轻人应多份耐心，多一份理解和宽容，年轻人所面临的压力以及他们肩上所承担的重任，他们理应得到更多的理解．

    解答 58．B     主旨大意题．文章第一段最后一句"But we older people should have some understanding about the young，too．
    "引出了文章的主题"老年人对年轻人应多一份理解"，接下来陈述理由，最后两段再次概述了文章的中心，即鉴于年轻人所面临的压力以及他们肩上所承担的重任，他们理应得到更多的理解．故选B．
    59．C     细节理解题．根据第五、六、七三段，尤其是第五段第二句"But on occasions，I have seen old people not showing any sign of gratitude when offered a seat"可知，作者认为年轻人不让座是有某些正当理由的，应当予以理解．故选C．
    60．D    推理判断题．可以通过排除法作出选择．文章提及中国的计划生育政策，只是为了说明如今的年轻人面临巨大压力的原因，并不能推断出C项．本文也并没有提到对于年轻人和老年人之间的误解哪一方要承担责任，排除A项；而B项与本文中中心论点无关故排除；纵观整个文章可知，老年人对年轻人应多一份理解，同样年轻人更应该尊敬和理解老年人，两者之间需要相互理解．

    点评 解答细节理解题时，一个常用的方法就是运用定位法，即根据题干和选项中的关键词从原文中找到相关的句子，与选项进行比较从而确定答案；推理判断题既要求学生透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思，又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断，力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的看法或观点．

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