练习册

  • 练习册
  • 试题
    精英家教网 > 高中英语 > 题目详情
    D
    Next time a customer comes to your office, offer him a cup of coffee. And when you’re doing your holiday shopping online, make sure you’re holding a large glass of iced tea. The physical sensation(感觉) of warmth encourages emotional warmth, while a cold drink in hand prevents you from making unwise decisions—those are the practical lesson being drawn from recent research by psychologist John A. Bargh.
    Psychologists have known that one person’s perception(感知) of another’s “warmth” is a powerful determiner in social relationships. Judging someone to be either “warm” or “cold” is a primary consideration, even trumping evidence that a “cold” person may be more capable. Much of this is rooted in very early childhood experiences, Bargh argues, when babies’ conceptual sense of the world around them is shaped by physical sensations, particularly warmth and coldness. Classic studies by Harry Harlow, published in 1958, showed monkeys preferred to stay close to a cloth “mother” rather than one made of wire, even when the wire “mother” carried a food bottle. Harlow’s work and later studies have led psychologists to stress the need for warm physical contact from caregivers to help young children grow into healthy adults with normal social skills.
    Feelings of “warmth” and “coldness” in social judgments appear to be universal. Although no worldwide study has been done, Bargh says that describing people as “warm” or “cold” is common to many cultures, and studies have found those perceptions influence judgment in dozens of countries.
    To test the relationship between physical and psychological warmth, Bargh conducted an experiment which involved 41 college students. A research assistant who was unaware of the study’s hypotheses(假设), handed the students either a hot cup of coffee, or a cold drink, to hold while the researcher filled out a short information form: The drink was then handed back. After that, the students were asked to rate the personality of “Person A” based on a particular description. Those who had briefly held the warm drink regarded Person A as warmer than those who had held the iced drink.
    “We are grounded in our physical experiences even when we think abstractly,” says Bargh.
    小题1:According to Paragraph 1, a person’s emotion may be affected by ______.
    A．the visitors to his officeB．the psychology lessons he has
    C．his physical feeling of coldness D．the things he has bought online
    小题2:The author mentions Harlow’s experiment to show that ______.
    A．adults should develop social skillsB．babies need warm physical contact
    C．caregivers should be healthy adultsD．monkeys have social relationships
    小题3:In Bargh’s experiment, the students were asked to ______.
    A．evaluate someone’s personalityB．write down their hypotheses
    C．fill out a personal information form
    D．hold coffee and cold drink alternatively
    小题4:We can infer from the passage that ______.
    A．abstract thinking does not come from physical experiences
    B．feelings of warmth and coldness are studied worldwide
    C．physical temperature affects how we see others
    D．capable persons are often cold to others
    小题5:What would be the best title for the passage?
    A．Drinking for Better Social Relationships.
    B．Experiments of Personality Evaluation.
    C．Developing Better Drinking Habits.
    D．Physical Sensations and Emotions.

    小题1:C
    小题2:B
    小题3:A
    小题4:C
    小题5:D

    小题1:细节理解题。文章第一段就提出了本文所要讨论的主题：人的情绪受身体对冷热,的不同感受的影响。
    小题2:推理判断题。第二段中作者提到Harlow’s experiment就是为了证明这段第三句Much of this particularly warmth and sadness的观点。
    小题3:细节理解题。由文章倒数第二段的最后二句可知接受实验的学生应对Person A作出评价。
    小题4:推理判断题。一个人所接触的物体的温度会影响一个人的情绪，同样体温的高低也可能有同样的影响。
    小题5:主旨大意题。全篇文章就是围绕第一段提出的论点展开的。
    练习册系列答案
    年级 高中课程 年级 初中课程
    高一 高一免费课程推荐！ 初一 初一免费课程推荐！
    高二 高二免费课程推荐！ 初二 初二免费课程推荐！
    高三 高三免费课程推荐！ 初三 初三免费课程推荐！
    相关习题

    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Today, people all over the world are moving out of small villages in the country to go and live in big noisy cities . They are moving from the peaceful hills, mountains, fields, rivers and streams of the countryside to the busy world of streets, buildings, traffic and crowds. This movement from rural areas to urban areas has been going on for over two hundred years.
    In many countries, the main reason people come to live in towns and cities is work. After one or two large factories have been built in or near a town, people come to find a work, and soon an industrial area begins to grow. There is usually a residential area nearby, where the factory workers can live. The families of these workers need schools, hospitals and shops, so more people come to live in the area to provide these services—and a city grows.
    　　In every major city in the world, there is a business district where the big companies have their main offices. In the United States, this area is usually in the city center downtown. It is here that you can see the huge skyscraper office blocks. The people who work here often travel a long way to work each day.
    　　Many of them live in the suburbs of the city, far away from the industrial area and the city center. Some suburbs are very pleasant, with nice houses and big gardens. There are usually parks for children to play in and large department stores where you can buy all you need.
    　　But what is the future of the big cities? Will they continue to get bigger and bigger? Perhaps not. Some major cities have actually become smaller in the last ten years, and it is quite possible that one day we will see people moving out of the major cities and back into smaller towns and villages.
    小题1:We can easily know that the underlined phrase “urban areas” means._____
    A．areas of the countryside
    B．areas of a town or city
    C．areas near the countryside 　
    D．areas near a town or a city
    小题2:Why do people move to live in cities or towns?
    A．Because they can live more comfortable there
    B．Because they prefer noisy life to peaceful life
    C．They do so mainly to find work
    D．They don’t like small villages
    小题3:We can infer that this movement from rural areas to urban areas_______.　
    A．has been going on for more than 2,000 years
    B．will continue in the future
    C．may not continue in the future　
    D．is sure to stop

    查看答案和解析>>

    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    America is growing older. Fifty years ago, only 4 out of every 100 people in the United States were 65 or older. Today, 10 out of every 100 Americans are over 65. The aging of the population will affect American society in many ways — edu­cation, medicine, and business. Quietly, the aging of America has made us a very different society — one in which people have a quite different idea of what kind of behavior is suitable at various ages.
    A person’s age no longer tells you anything about his/ her social position, marriage or health. There’s no longer a particular year in which one goes to school or goes to work or gets married or starts a family. The social clock that kept us on time and told us when to go to school, get a job, or stop work­ing isn’t as strong as it used to be. It doesn’t surprise us to hear of a 29-year-old university president or a 35-year-old grandmother, or a 70-year-old man who has become a father for the first time. Public ideas are changing.
    Many people say, “I am much younger than my mother or my father was at my age.” No one says “Act your age” any more. We’ve stopped looking with surprise at older people who act in youthful ways.
    1. It can be learned from the text that the aging of the popula­tion in America ________.
    A. has made people feel younger                B. has changed people’s social position
    C. has changed people’s understanding of age      D. has slowed down the country’s social development
    2. The underlined word “one” refers to ________.
    A. a society           B. America        C. a place          D. population
    3. “Act your age” means people should ________.
    A. be active when they are old              B. do the right thing at the right age
    C. show respect to their parents young or old  D. take more physical exercises suitable to their age
    4. If a’ 25-year-old man becomes general manager of a big firm, the writer of the text would most probably consider it _________.
    A. normal     B. wonderful         C. unbelievable     D. unreasonable

    查看答案和解析>>

    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    The lower East Side is neither rich nor beautiful, but it can be a good place to shop.
    On Sundays, its streets are crowded with visitors and shoppers like these. They are trying to find a coat or a pair of shoes at a good price.
    Most people prefer to shop in the big department stores like Macy’s, Gimbel’s, or Bloomingdale’s because there they can find clothing, furniture, toys, and food in one store.
    Some people like the smaller stores of Greenwich Village or other areas when they are looking for an unusual present.
    Some streets have only one kind of stores. Bracelets (手镯) and rings shine in the windows of Canal Street, and wedding dresses fill the stores of Grant Street. There are streets for furs(皮大衣), and, in one.comarea, there are 600 shops for antiques (古玩)! Fifth Avenue is the most famous place to shop, and it is usually the most expensive. There you can find the latest styles from Paris, Italy, or New York. You can spend thousands of dollars on Fifth Avenue, or you can just window shop and admire the sights for free.
    1. How many kinds of shops or stores on the lower East Side are mentioned in the passage?
    A. Four.         B. Five.     C. Six.          D. Seven.
    2. If you want to buy something fashionable to wear, you’d better go to       .
    A. Grant Street      B. the big department stores
    C. Fifth Avenue     D. the smaller stores of Greenwich Village
    3. Why does the writer say that the lower East Side can be a good place to shop?
    A. Because its streets are crowded with visitors.
    B. Because there are latest style from Paris, Italy, or New York.
    C. Because there are different goods in different stores they can meet the needs of the visitors and shoppers.
    D. Because women want very much to go there and buy bracelets and rings.
    4. The underlined words window shop in the sentence means “      ”.
    A. put all one’s goods in the shop-window
    B. look at goods displayed in shop-windows
    C. not only look at goods displayed in shop-window but also want to buy something
    D. take much interest in the goods and have the idea of buying something
    5. The last five words “admire the sights for free” of the passage means “      ”.
    A. get pleasure from the sight at no cost
    B. buy and sell goods freely
    C. look at the sights as much as you like
    D. look at the sight with pleasure and buy something as you like

    查看答案和解析>>

    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    An increase in students applying to study economics at university is being attributed to （归因于）the global economic crisis awakening a public thirst for knowledge about how the financial system works.  
    Applications for degree courses beginning this autumn were up by 15% this January, according to UCAS, the Universities and Colleges Admissions Service. A. spokesman for the Royal Economic Society said applications to do economics at A-level were also up.   
    Professor john Beath, the president of the society and a leading lecture at St Andrews University, said his first-year lectures-which are open to students from all departments—were drawing crowds of 400, rather than the usual 250.   
    “There are a large number of students who are not economics majors, who would like to learn something about it. One of the things I have done this year is to relate my teaching to contemporary events in a way that one hasn’t traditionally done. ” He added.   
    University applications rose 7% last year. But there were rises above average in several subjects. Nursing saw a 15% jump, with people’s renewed interest in caters in the pubic sector（部门）, which are seen as more secure in economic crisis.   
    A. recent study showed almost two thirds of parents believed schools should do more to teach pupils about financial matters, and almost half said their children had asked them what was going on, although a minority of parents felt they did not understand it themselves well enough to explain.   
    Zack Hocking, the head of Child Trust Funds, said: “It’s possible that one good thing to arise from the downturn will be a generation that’s financially wiser and better equipped to manage their money through times of economic uncertainty.”  
    71. Professor John Beath’s lectures are ______ .  
    A. given in a traditional way                 B. connected with the present situation  
    C. open to both students and their parents    D. warmly received by economics  
    72. Incomes in the public sector are more attractive because of their_____.   
    A. greater stability     B. higher pay    C. fewer applications   D. better reputation  
    73. in the opinion of most parents ______ .   
    A. eccentrics should be the focus of school teaching  
    B. more students should be admitted to universities  
    C. the teaching of financial matters should be strengthened.   
    D. children should solve financial problems themselves   
    74. According to Hocking, the global economic crisis might make the youngsters_____ .   
    A. wiser in money management  
    B. have access to better equipment  
    C. confide about their future careers  
    D. get jobs in Child Trust Funds  
    75. What’s the main idea of the text?  
    A. Universities have received more applications.  
    B. Economics is attracting an increasing numbers students  
    C. college students benefit a lot from economic uncertainty  
    D. parents are concerned with children’s subject selection.   

    查看答案和解析>>

    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解


    Many people write to newspaper and magazines to express their opinions. Letters to the editor must carry the writer’s full name, address and telephone number, although the information is not necessary for publication. This requirement to provide personal particulars is a clear indication that writers are held responsible for what they say. When a writer wants his voice heard, he needs to claim ownership of his voice. Responsibility is the name of the game.
    “People today prefer living together to putting their signatures on a marriage certificate because they refuse to accept responsibility for the relationship,” said social worker Ken Yip, “and this is what is causing a lot of family problems.” When we sign a paper, for example, a business contract or a bank document, the signature is a seal of consent, an agreement to take the matter seriously. Most governments and many organizations will not process written complaints if they do not bear the writer’s signature. The absence of a signature, they explain, tells us that the writer cannot be too serious and therefore does not deserve a reply.
    There are people who wish to remain anonymous（匿名的）for various reasons. Multi-billionaire Mr. King donates generously to charity several times a year. He gives simply because he wants to help but not for the publicity his donations may bring, and he does not want his good deeds to make news. In other cases, people insist on anonymity because they are afraid of the consequences of revealing their identity. Crime witnesses may be willing to assist the police, but most are unwilling to give their names when reporting a crime.
    Name or no name? The answer is very personal and lies in how much we want to get involved. We all have a name. It is a matter if responsibility to use it when we make a statement, a claim or an accusation. We all want to honour our own name, and it is only by stamping our expression of an opinion with our own name that we honour what we say.
    小题1:What does the writer mean by saying “Responsibility is the name of the game”?
    A．Writers need to provide their personal information in the game.
    B．Publication must bear the writer’s full name, address and phone number.
    C．Writers should be responsible for their names.
    D．Names are required to indicate writers’ responsibility for what they say.
    小题2:The second paragraph suggests that a paper without a signature may _______.
    A．help to end a relationship B．not get a reply
    C．be accepted all the same D．become a family problem
    小题3:Some people don’t want their names known because they are ________.
    A．hesitant to make a donationB．unwilling to draw public attention
    C．afraid of an accusationD．ready for involvement
    小题4:The passage is mainly about _______.
    A．honour and writersB．identity and signature
    C．signature and responsibilityD．anonymity and signature

    查看答案和解析>>

    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Limit the use of private cars, improve public transport and encourage the use of bicycles to control traffic congestion(拥挤) during the 2008 Olympics, experts from foreign countries advised Beijing on Friday.
    Professor Nigel Wilson, of the civil and environmental engineering department of Massachusetts Institute of Technology, said he was "supportive to the limiting of private cars during the Olympic Games", saying that in foreign countries, the method is also adopted during big events, but he was unsure about the approach.
    The government planned to keep an average of more than one million cars off the roads to improve traffic flow during the Olympics, said Liu Xiaoming, deputy director of the Beijing Traffic Committee, at the China Planning Network First Urban Transportation Congress.
    Sharing Wilson's view, Dr. Yoshitsugu Hayashi, dean of the Graduate School of Environmental Studies of Nagoya University, believed the reduction in car use should be achieved not by banning, but through incentives.
    "Drivers who don't use their private cars could be given points," he said, "and the points could be exchanged for goods from online shopping."
    Wetzel stressed limiting the use of company cars. "Governmental officials should also be encouraged to use public transportation or ride bicycles," he said, adding that he himself is a bicycle-rider in London.
    Matthew Martimo, director of Traffic Engineering with Citilabs, said the bicycle was China's advantage. "Limiting private cars is an idea worth trying but it is just a temporary solution," he said. "The real cause of congestion is high density of people in Beijing and many have cars."
    Beijing, with a population of 15 million, is home to more than three million automobiles, and the number is rising by 1,000 a day.
    Professor Wilson said the Olympic Games was a great opportunity for Beijing to think about traffic problems and develop transportation, adding that the city had already been making public transport more efficient. Beijing has promised to stretch its 114-kilometer city railway to 200 kilometers before the opening of the Olympic Games.
    “We are looking forward to borrowing Beijing's experiences and drawing from its lessons in preparation for the 2012 Olympics,” said Wetzel. 
    51. The underlined word incentives in paragraph 4 means_______.
    A. something that encourages people to try    B. online shopping
    C. points could be exchanged for goods       D. award
    52.It can be seen from the passage that ______.
    A. the government planned to forbid over 1 million cars to run on the roads during the Olympics.
    B. banning private cars is the best way to solve traffic congestion in Beijing
    C. Beijing now has 200 kilometers of city railway
    D. the use of company cars will not be limited
    53. Why did Wetzel stress “ he himself is a bicycle-rider in London”?
    A. To limit the use of company cars.
    B. To encourage governmental officials to use public transportation or ride bicycles.
    C. To show that riding bicycles is good for health.
    D. To show that he loves riding bicycles.
    54. Which of the following may be the reason for the traffic congestion in Beijing?
    A. The 2008 Beijing Olympic games.
    B. The number of cars in Beijing is rising by 1,000 a day.
    C. The large population in Beijing and the large number of cars.
    D. Public transport in Beijing is not efficient.
    55. The purpose of the passage is ________.
    A. to limit the use of private cars, improve public transport
    B. to encourage the use of bicycles to control traffic congestion during the 2008 Olympics
    C. to borrow Beijing's experiences and draw from its lessons in preparation for the 2012 Olympics
    D. to tell the advice given by foreign experts on traffic congestion during 2008 Beijing Olympics

    查看答案和解析>>

    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Walt Disney is credited for creating such wonderful things as Donald Duck and Mickey Mouse. However, he cannot take the credit for creating other well-loved characters, such as Cinderella and Snow White. They are almost automatically associated with Disney because Disney turned old fables(寓言) into cartoon movies.
    The original Cinderella varies very much from the Disney version we know today. It started off with the girl mourning her mother’s death and going to her tomb three times a day. In addition, there were only birds that helped Cinderella; there was no such thing as a fairy godmother or helpful mice, nor was there mention of a horse and carriage.
    The stepsisters were cruel: they always threw Cinderella’s food into the ashes of the fire and made her sleep on the ashes on the floor, hence（因此）her name.
    In the original story, the king’s ball actually lasted for three days. With the help of the birds, the girl, beautifully dressed, danced with the prince on all three nights and the prince fell in love with her. However, she broke away from him to rush back home each night. On the last night, the prince placed soothing sticky on the stairs; as Cinderella made her escape, a shoe got stuck on it.
    Here now is where the story becomes unpleasant: when the prince went to the house looking for the girl whose foot fit the shoe, the wicked(邪恶的) stepmother told one of her two daughters to cut off her big toe to fit into the shoe. The daughter did as told. So the prince took her away to be his bride. But when they passed the tomb of Cinderella’s mother, the birds called out to the prince,
    “Turn and peep, there’s blood in the shoe;
    the shoe is too small, the true bride waits for you.”
    Realizing he had been tricked, the prince returned the daughter to her mother. The other then had to cut off part of her heel in order to fit into the shoe, with the same result. Only Cinderella’s foot fit perfectly and so the prince chose to marry her. The story ends with the wedding day: as Cinderella’s two stepsisters followed her, pretending to be devoted to her so that they could enjoy the king’s riches, two birds flew by and plucked(啄) out their eyes. Because of their wickedness and falsehood, they had to spend the rest of their days blind.
    The original Cinderella is so different from the Disney version. Thank goodness Disney made such changes; it indeed was a wise move.
    小题1:What dose the underlined word “They” in the first paragraph refer to?
    A．Such wonderful things.
    B．Other well-loved characters.
    C．Old fables.
    D．Cartoon movies.
    小题2:How did Cinderella get her name?
    A．The Birds came up with it.
    B．It was given by Disney.
    C．It came from the word “ash”.
    D．She got it from her mother.
    小题3:Which of the following is TRUE according to the original story?
    A．Helpful mice got Cinderella a beautiful dress.
    B．The ball was held to celebrate the prince’s wedding.
    C．Cinderella left her shoe on the stairs on purpose.
    D．The birds told the prince that he had been cheated.
    小题4:The moral of the original story is that ____________.
    A．a wicked person cannot escape punishment.
    B．a devoted person certainly deserves respect.
    C．a well-behaved child earns a great reward.
    D．a dishonest child cannot get mother love.
    小题5:What does the author think of the Disney version?
    A．Excellent.B．OrdinaryC．Dull.D．Ridiculous.

    查看答案和解析>>

    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Science is a dominant theme in our culture. Since it touches almost every facet of our life, educated people need at least some acquaintance with its structure and operation. They should also have an understanding of the subculture in which scientists live and the kinds of people they are. An understanding of general characteristics of science as well as specific scientific concepts is easier to attain if one knows something about the things that excite and frustrate the scientist.
    This book is written for the intelligent student or lay person whose acquaintance with science is superficial; for the person who has been presented with science as a musty storehouse of dried facts; for the person who sees the chief objective of science as the production of gadgets; and for the person who views the scientists as some sort of magician. The book can be used to supplement a course in any science, to accompany any course that attempts to give an understanding of the modern world, or – independently of any course – simply to provide a better understanding of science. We hope this book will lead readers to a broader perspective on scientific attitudes and a more realistic view of what science is, who scientists are, and what they do. It will give them an awareness and understanding of the relationship between science and our culture and an appreciation of the roles science may play in our culture. In addition, readers may learn to appreciate the relationship between scientific views and some of the values and philosophies that are pervasive in our culture.
    We have tried to present in this book an accurate and up-to-date picture of the scientific community and the people who populate it. That population has in recent years come to comprise more and more women. This increasing role of women in the scientific subculture is not an unique incident but, rather, part of the trend evident in all segments of society as more women enter traditionally male-dominated fields and make significant contributions. In discussing these changes and contribution, however, we are faced with a language that is implicitly sexist, one that uses male nouns or pronouns in referring to unspecified individuals. To offset this built-in bias, we have adopted the policy of using plural nouns and pronouns whenever possible and, when absolutely necessary, alternating he and she. This policy is far form being ideal, but it is at least an acknowledgment of the inadequacy of our language in treating half of the human race equally.
    We have also tried to make the book entertaining as well as informative. Our approach is usually informal. We feel, as do many other scientists, that we shouldn’t take ourselves too seriously. As the reader may observe, we see science as a delightful pastime rather than as a grim and dreary way to earn a living.
    小题1:According to the passage, ‘scientific subculture’ means
    [A] cultural groups that are formed by scientists.
    people whose knowledge of science is very limited.
    [C] the scientific community.
    [D] people who make good contribution to science.
    小题2:We need to know something about the structure and operation of science because
    [A] it is not easy to understand the things that excite and frustrate scientists.
    Science affects almost every aspect of our life.
    [C] Scientists live in a specific subculture.
    [D] It is easier to understand general characteristics of science.
    小题3:The book mentioned in this passage is written for readers who
    [A] are intelligent college students and lay person who do not know much about science.
    are good at producing various gadgets.
    [C] work in a storehouse of dried facts.
    [D] want to have a superficial understanding of science.
    小题4:According to this passage,
    [A] English is a sexist language.
    only in the scientific world is the role of women increasing rapidly.
    [C] women are making significant contributions to eliminating the inadequacy of our language.
    [D] male nouns or pronouns should not be used to refer to scientists.
    小题5:This passage most probably is
    [A] a book review.
    the preface of a book.
    [C] the postscript of a book.
    [D] the concluding part of a book.
    Vocabulary
    subculture       亚文化群（指在一个社会或一种文化内具有独特性的一群人）
    superficial    肤浅的，浅薄的，表面的   
    lay person       外行，门外汉，俗人
    musty       发毒的，老朽的，陈腐的
    gadget       小玩意儿，小配件，新发明
    pervasive       渗透的，弥漫的，遍布的
    populate       居住于……中，在……中占一席之地
    implicit       含蓄的，内含的
    unspecified    未特别提出的
    offset       抵消，补偿

    查看答案和解析>>

    同步练习册答案