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    2．American high school students are terrible writers，and one education reform group thinks it  has an answer：robots．Or，more accurately，robot-readers-computers programmed to scan  student essays andspit out a grade．
          Mark Shermis，professor of the College of Education at the University of Akron，is helping  to hold a contest，set up by the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation （ WFHF），that promises  $ IOO，OOO in prize money to programmers who write the best automated grading software．"If  you're a high school teacher and you give a writing task，you're walking home with 150 essays，"Shermis  said．"You're going to need some help．"
          Automated essay grading was first proposed in the 1960s，but computers back then were  not up to the task．In the late 1990s，as technology improved，several textbook and testing  companies jumped into the field．Today，computers are used to grade essays on South Dakota's  student writing assessments and a handful of other exams，including the TOEFL test of English fluency，taken by foreign students．
         The Hewlett contest aims to show that computers can grade as well as English teachers-only much more quickly and without all that depressing red ink．Automated essay scoring is"objective，"Shermis said．"And it can be done immediately．If students finish an essay at l0 pm，they get a result at  10：0l pm．"
         Take，for instance，the  Intelligent  Essay  Assessor，a  web-based  tool  marketed  by  Pearson Education，Inc．Within seconds it can analyze an essay for spelling，grammar，organization，and help students to make revisions．The program scans for key words and analyzes semantic  （语义 的） patterns，and Pearson claims that it can understand the meaning of text much the same as a human reader．

    46．The text is written to introduceA．
    A．robot-readers B．education reform in America
    C．Hewlett contest                         
    D．William and Flora Hewlett Foundation
    47．What does the underlined phrase"spit out"in Paragraph I probably mean？A
    A．Give
    B．Organize
    C．Analyze
    D．Check．
    48．From Paragraph 3，we know that in the 1960sD
    A．computers were not easy to get
    B．automated grading software was popular
    C．people refused automated essay grading
    D．computers couldn't grade essays automatically
    49．What does Paragraph 4 focus on？B
    A．The prize of Hewlett contest．
    B．The advantages of automated essay scoring．
    C．The application of automated essay scoring．
    D．Teachers'opinions about Hewlett contest．
    50．The Intelligent Essay Assessor canC．
    A．rewrite essays                          
    B．underline the mistakes in red ink
    C．understand the meaning of text              
    D．correct key words and patterns．

    分析 文章主要介绍了 robot-readers 这一项发明，包括它的起源、应用和功能等．

    解答 46：答案 A 主旨大意题．文章主要介绍了 robot-readers 这一项发明，包括它的起源、应用和功能等，所以A项正确．其他三项均非文章主要内容，故正确答案为A．
    47：答案 A 推理判断题题．划线词所在句"Or，more accurately，robot-readers-computers programmed to scan student essays and spit out a grade．"句意为"或者更确切地说，robot-readers 是浏览学生作文并 _____ 分数的被程序化的电脑"；由第四段最后一句"If students finish an essay at 10 pm，they get a result at 10：01 pm．"可推知，robot-readers 可以给出分数，因此"spit out"在此意为"给出"，所以A项正确．B项"组织"，C项"分析"，D项"检查"，均不符合文意，故正确答案为A．
    48：答案 D 细节理解题．由第三段第一句"Automated essay grading was first proposed in the 1960s，but computers back then were not up to the task．"可知，automated essay grading 在二十世纪六十年代就被提出了，但是那时的电脑还不能胜任这项工作．故正确答案为D．
    49：答案 B 主旨大意题．第四段大意为：automated essay scoring 可以和英语老师打分一样好，比英语老师快很多并且没有那些令人沮丧的红色笔迹，automated essay scoring 非常客观且迅速．由此可知本段主要讲 automated essay scoring 的优点，故正确答案为B．
    50：答案 C 细节理解题．由文章最后一句"…it can understand the meaning of text much the same as a human reader．"可知，the Intelligent Essay Assessor 可以和人类一样读懂文章意思，故正确答案为C．

    点评 阅读理解题主要考查考生对书面语篇的整体领悟能力和接受及处理具体信息的能力．试题的取材，密切联系当前我国和世界经济、科技等方面的变化，有关数据的来源真实可信．因此科普知识类文章是每年的必考题．分析历年的科普类文章我们不难发现以下特点：
    1、文章逻辑性强，条理清楚，语法结构简单，用语通俗．
    2、文章内容注重科技领域的新发现．内容新颖，从而使文章显得陌生，内容抽象复杂．
    3、命题方面注意对具体细节的准确理解和以之为依据的推理判断．
    4、以人们的日常行为或饮食健康入手，探讨利弊，诠释过程，阐述概念．

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