Today, several of the world's nearly 7,000 languages face a serious risk of extinction. "For example, Ainu, a language in Japan, is now seriously threatened, with only 10 native speakers left," said lead study author Tatsuya Amano at the University of Cambridge in England.
The scientists found that 25 percent of the world's languages are threatened. After identifying where the endangered languages were, they looked for any environmental and social or economic factors those languages might have in common, such as rugged terrain or rapid population growth. "We found that at the global scale, language speaker declines are strongly linked to economic growth-that is, declines are particularly occurring in economically developed regions," Amano said.
One important implication of this new study "is that languages in the tropics and Himalayan region are likely to be increasingly threatened in the near future, because these regions still have many local indigenous languages (土语) with a small number of speakers, and at the same time are experiencing rapid economic growth," Amano said.
Economic growth may endanger languages for a variety of reasons. For instance, speakers of endangered languages may view another more dominant language as offering economic opportunities, and thus forego their own languages. There are other important factors that might endanger languages, the researchers said. For instance, policies regarding how languages are used and taught in schools can be very different among countries and even within each country, and these factors may explain more detailed patterns in language endangerment.
Amano suggested it could be possible to forecast future threats to linguistic diversity. "There exists detailed information on projected future changes in the environment, economies and climates," Amano said. "Using such information, together with the findings of this study and further analysis, we would like to understand what will happen to the world's languages, where it will happen and which languages will be threatened in particular."
1.The language of Ainu is mentioned in Paragraph l in order to tell us that _______________.
A. Japanese is new seriously threatened
B. few people speak Japanese in the world
C. Japanese is made up of many languages
D. it is most likely to disappear in the future
2.What may endanger the languages most according to Amano?
A. The diversity of society.
B. The decline of the population.
C. The development of economy
D. The improvement of the environment.
3.The writer shows us the reasons that languages are endangered by ___________________.
A. offering some examples
B. performing some experiments .
C. telling some interesting stories
D. making a list of important facts .
4.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that _______________.
A. the study is very important to languages
B. world's languages are developing rapidly
C. it is rather hard for us to protect languages
D. future threats to languages can be predicted
暑假作业暑假快乐练西安出版社系列答案科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年山东寿光现代中学高二10月月考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Success is often measured by the ability to overcome adversity（逆境）. But it is often the belief of others that gives us the courage to try.
J. K. Rowling, author of the Harry Potter book series, began writing at age 6. In her biography（传记）, she remembers with great fondness when her good friend-Sean became the first person to encourage her and help her build the confidence that one day she would be a very good writer.
“He was the first person with whom I really discussed my serious ambition（志向） to be a writer. He was also the only person who thought I was bound to（注定）be a success at it, which meant much more to me than I ever told him at the time.”
Though there were many difficulties, Rowling continued her writing, particularly fantasy stories. But it wasn’t until l990 that she first came up with the idea about Harry Potter. As she recalls（回忆）, it was on a long train journey from London to Manchester that “the idea of Harry Potter simply fell into my head. To my great disappointment, I didn’t have a pen with me, and I was too shy to ask anybody if I could borrow one. I think, now, that this was probably a good thing, because I simply sat and thought, for four (delayed train) hours, and all the details came up in my brain, and this thin, black-haired, bespectacled（戴眼镜的）boy who didn't know he was a wizard became more and more real to me.”
That same year, her mother died after a ten-year fight with serious diseases, which deeply affected her writing. She went on to marry and had a daughter, but separated from her husband shortly afterwards.
During this time, Rowling was diagnosed with depression（诊断患有抑郁症）. Unemployed, she finished her first novel in area cafes, where she could get her daughter to fall asleep. After being refused by l2 publishing houses, the first Harry Potter novel was sold to a small British publishing house.
Now with seven books that have sold nearly 400 million copies in 64 languages, J. K. Rowling is the highest earning novelist in history. And it all began with her friend’s encouragement as well as her ambition to write.
1. Who believed J. K. Rowling was to be a good writer?
A．Her friend Sean. B．Her mother.
C．Her daughter. D．Her husband.
2.Rowling first came up with the idea about Harry Potter________.
A．at the age of 6 B．on a train journey
C．after her mother’s death D．in her secondary school
3.She felt disappointed on the train because_________.
A．her train was delayed for four hours
B．she didn’t have a pen with her
C．her mind suddenly went blank
D．no one would offer her help
4.It can be concluded from Paragraph 5 and 6 that Rowling is_________.
A．open-minded B．warm-hearted
C．good-natured D．strong-willed
5.The text mainly tells us_________.
A．adversity makes a good novelist
B．the courage to try is a special ability
C．you can have a wonderful idea everywhere
D．encouragement helps one succeed
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年北大附中河南分校高二12月月考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：完形填空
完形填空,阅读下面短文。从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
John Madden is a great sports player, coach and National Football League (NFL) commentator (解说员). He brought his excitement and ________ for the sport to television audiences (观众) ________ he commentated on a game. John Madden is________for his friendly and humorous personality (个性). He is also known for ________ football as he announces the games. This helps people understand and ________ the sport even more.
In April 2009, John Madden retired ________ an NFL commentator. Madden is 47 years old. He says he wants to ________ more time with his family, ________ his five grandchildren. Madden says to make his decision to retire is really ________ because he loves everything about football.
He started as a ________ player, but a wound to his knee in 1958 ________ his short career (生涯). He began his career as a head football___________ in 1969, when he was ___________to lead the Oakland Raiders. He coached the team for about ten years and ________ a big victory in 1977. Two years later, he retired and became a ___________ commentator for the NFL.
Madden has commentated on eleven Superbowl __________during his thirty-year announcing career. He has __________ sixteen Emmy Awards for Outstanding Sports Analyst / Personality on television. His ___________game as a football commentator before he retired was this year’s Superbowl in February. John Madden’s ___________ on the sport of football continues. His video game, "Madden NFL", is the best-selling (畅销的) sports video game in history. It has ___________ more than 70,000,000 copies during the last twenty years.
注:Superbowl:超级杯,美国国家足球联盟的年度冠军赛
1.A.secret B.space C.anger D.love
2.A.how B.when C.what D.where
3.A.famous B.happy C.good D.nervous
4.A.buying B.showing C.explaining D.teaching
5.A.enjoy B.touch C.miss D.take
6.A.like B.for C.as D.with
7.A.collect B.spend C.use D.waste
8.A.except B.usually C.always D.especially
9.A.exciting B.difficult C.interesting D.serious
10.A.basketball B.football C.volleyball D.baseball
11.A.continued B.forced C.ended D.left
12.A.game B.announcer C. coach D.player
13.A.given B.kept C.rewarded D.chosen
14.A.led to B.began with C.belonged to D. communicated with
15.A.music B.sports C.food D.video
16.A.games B.prizes C.results D.news
17.A.found B.shared C.won D.tried
18.A.great B.best C.last D.personal
19.A.forecast B.information C.study D.influence
20.A.produced B.sold C.sent D.printed
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科目：高中英语 来源：2016届吉林东北师大附中净月校区高三上二模英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Last Thursday, Michael and Linda stood behind large food trucks distributing meals to 4,000 homeless people for their wedding reception on the border town of Kilis. The couple had decided that instead of hosting their friends and family for a traditional feast reception, they would feed the victims from an earthquake-stricken area.
The idea came from the bridegroom's father, Ted, who volunteers for a Turkish relief organization. For the past few years, the organization has distributed daily meals to thousands of people who've suffered from natural disasters. He approached a representative of the organization and suggested that the family cover part of the costs of feeding them for the day.
Then he told his son, who was surprised by the suggestion, but soon won over. When he told that to the bride, she was really shocked but finally accepted because in southeastern Turkey there is a real culture of sharing with people in need. They love to share their food, their table and everything they have. And afterwards she was quite amazed about it. So, they arrived at the distribution center on Thursday to spend the day serving food and taking photographs with their grateful recipients（接受者）．
On Tuesday evening, the newly married couple were still pleased with their decision to quit a personal celebration for one with a greater good. "It's like sharing a dinner with your friends and family who have this kind of thing on a daily basis or sharing something with people who don't even have the most basic things," Michael said. "Hopefully, this will also give the start for other wedding dinners to be held here with our brothers and sisters in need."
1.Why did so many people crowd in Kilis?
A. To attend Michael and Linda's wedding.
B. To support the organization.
C. To escape the damaging earthquake.
D. To help distribute free daily meals.
2.How did the couple celebrate their wedding?
A. They treated their friends and relatives to a big dinner.
B. They shared their happiness with the homeless in Kilis.
C. They afforded the entire cost of the day for feeding victims.
D. They took photos with the grateful victims.
3.What does the underlined word "approached" in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. took in B. moved towards
C. came across D. consulted with
4.We can know from the text that __________________..
A. Kilis is a place which lies in southeastern Turkey
B. Ted was a representative of the organization
C. Linda adopted the suggestion immediately she heard it
D. Michael doubted if more new couples would follow him
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科目：高中英语 来源：2016届安徽宿松县凉亭中学上学期高三第三次月考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Barack Obama has really gone wild. The US president has taken part in the survival television show Running Wild With Bear Grylls, which will air on NBC later this year. In the show, Obama goes on an adventure with host Bear Grylls, learning how to survive in the Alaskan wilderness.
Edward Michael “Bear” Grylls, 41, has become known around the world as one of the most famous outdoor adventurers. The Briton has appeared on a number of wilderness survival shows in which he has climbed, sailed, and eaten bugs or cow tongue.
Obama doesn’t have to eat bugs or cow tongue on his adventure with Grylls. But he does have to eat leftovers - a bloody salmon (三文鱼). It was partly enjoyed by a bear that left some meat behind.
Although he is far from the White House kitchen, Obama seems to enjoy the outdoors. “As president, I am in what’s called the bubble（保护膜）, and the Secret Service makes sure that I’m always out of danger... but I sometimes want to get out,” he said in a video.
However, Obama’s appearance on the show isn’t just for fun. He took part to raise awareness of the effect global warming has had on the US’s largest state, Alaska.
1.On his adventure, Obama______.
A. has to eat something strange like bugs
B. enjoys cow tongue with Grylls
C. takes in some unusual food
D. never has any difficulty
2.It can be inferred from the passage that _____.
A. Obama has been tired of the life in the White House
B. US presidents have never been in danger because of the Secret Service
C. the food prepared in the White House is not as good as the food outdoors
D. The life outside the White House is sometimes attractive to the president
3.The purpose of Obama’s appearance on the show is _____.
A. to have some fun
B. to promote environmental protection
C. to enjoy the wilderness in Alaska
D. to get out of the White House for a change
4.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A. Grylls is the most well known outdoor adventurer around the world.
B. The TV show with Obama’s appearance is now on air on NBC.
C. Obama learns how to survive with host Bear Grylls in African wilderness.
D. Grylls has special abilities to survive in the wild
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年河南陕州中学高二上第二次精英对抗赛英语试卷（解析版） 题型：完形填空
完型填空
Four days ago, I was taking a taxi. On the way, I just had the stop at a store to buy something. A woman me to let her hitchhike (免费搭车).
I and picked this woman up. I thought she was too fat; she about 120kg. But she was very sweet and kind-hearted, so I didn’t .
She was talking to me while going back to her place about how she got everything for her . So I thought to myself she must have a happy family. But nothing special yet.
I got to her apartment she needed help getting all the things she got to her place. I just helped her out and while I was the stuff inside her house, I that her husband walked in from the back of the apartment. So she was talking to him in her voice, “Honey, I got you this; Honey, I got you that.” But what I came to notice was that her husband was . And then I looked close to how they were together and I knew for that moment I was seeing “TRUE ”.
They cared for each other so and what they looked like was not at all.
I was just deeply by the true love between them.
Sometimes I think about going back to the apartment and tell them what I in them and to thank them for sharing their with me, even it is for a few . I like the blind couple care about each other; it is a very happy and romantic thing.
1.A. stranger B. waiter C. passenger D. driver
2.A. reminded B. allowed C. asked D. helped
3.A. nodded B. promised C. hesitated D. explained
4.A. carried B. weighed C. supported D. lifted
5.A. remember B. mind C. worry D. leave
6.A. gladly B. nervously C. slowly D. calmly
7.A. friend B. husband C. daughter D. neighbor
8.A. stayed B. continued C. stopped D. happened
9.A. unless B. if C. because D. although
10.A. moving B. searching C. arranging D. observing
11.A. imaged B. noticed C. believed D. expected
12.A. polite B. tired C. high D. sweet
13.A. painful B. foolish C. blind D. ill
14.A. LOVE B. FRIENDSHIP C. JUDGEMENT D.STORY
15.A. frequently B. deeply C. thankfully D. quietly
16.A. useful B. clear C. secret D. important
17.A. encouraged B. surprised C. touched D. shocked
18.A. hid B. built C. put D. saw
19.A. lives B. troubles C. food D. memory
20.A. days B. hours C. minutes D. seconds
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年安徽钱桥中学泥河中学高二12月联考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：完形填空
完型填空,阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Wishing to encourage her young son’s progress on the piano, a mother took her boy to a famous concert. After they were seated, the mother a friend and walked over to greet her. Seizing the to explore the wonders of the concert hall, the little boy got up and explored his way a door marked “NO ADMITTANCE（禁止进入）”. When the lights became less bright and the concert was about to begin, the mother returned to her and discovered that the child was missing.
Suddenly, the curtains and the lights focused on the stage. In horror, the mother saw her little boy sitting at the keyboard, Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star.
At that moment, the great piano master, Paderewski, on the stage, quickly went to the piano and in the boy’s ear, “Don’t . Keep playing.”
Then, leaning(倾斜) over, Paderewski reached down with his left hand and began in a bass (低音的) part. Soon his right arm reached to the other side of the child and he added a beautiful piece of music. , the old master and the boy a frightening situation into a wonderfully creative .
That’s the way it is in life. we can complete on our own is noteworthy(值得注目的). We try our best, but the aren’t exactly graceful or flowing music. when we put our trust in the hands of greater power, our life can be truly beautiful.
The next time you set to create great performances, listen carefully. You can hear the________ of the master whispering in your ear, “Don’t quit. Keep playing.”
1.A. made B. saw C. looked D. called
2.A. chance B. performance C. piano D. lesson
3.A. over B. above C. across D. through
4.A. stage B. seat C. room D. table
5.A. parted B. drew C. pulled D. pushed
6.A. singing B. knocking C. playing D. creating
7.A. stood B. appeared C. sat D. fell
8.A. shouted B. cried C. whispered D. looked
9.A. perform B. stop C. leave D. run
10.A. filling B. getting C. breaking D. taking
11.A. forwards B. down C. up D. around
12.A. Separately B. Together C. Luckily D. Hurriedly
13.A. made B. became C. changed D. grew
14.A. experience B. play C. concert D. film
15.A. What B. That C. Which D. When
16.A. hard B. hardly C. always D. usually
17.A. failures B. successes C. causes D. results
18.A. So B. And C. But D. Though
19.A. down B. about C. away D. out
20.A. sound B. noise C. voice D. song
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科目：高中英语 来源：2016届江西省、九江一中高三上学期期中英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
In order to help customers find what they want quickly，it’s important to keep the thousands of titles in the Main Street Movies store organized properly．This section of the Employee Handbook will tell you how to organize videos.
Each Main street Movies store has three main sections:
1.New Releases Wall.
2.Film library.
3.Video Games.
New Releases Wall．Almost 70 percent of movie rentals are new releases，and that is the first place where most customers go when they enter the store．The center section of shelves on this wall holds Hottest Hits．When new titles come into the store，place them on this wall in alphabetical order．The shelves beside Hottest Hits are called Recent Releases．The New Releases Wall，including the Hottest Hits and Recent Releases shelves，holds about 350 titles.
Film Library．The thousands of titles in the Film Library are organized into categories．The films within each category are displayed alphabetically．Here are the categories and their two-letter computer codes：
Foreign Language titles include films that were originally made in a foreign language and films with foreign language subtitles．A sticker on the back of each box tells which type of film it is.
Video Game．All the video games in Main street Movies are arranged in alphabetical order．Although video games represent only a small percentage of our inventory(库存)，they are stolen more often than any other type of goods in our store．Therefore，video games are never displayed on the shelves．Shelves in the Video Game section hold cardboard with pictures and information about each game．When a customer wants to rent a particular game，you then find the game from the locked case behind the counter.
1.Whom do you think this passage is most probably addressed to?
A． The readers in the store.
B． The manager of the store.
C． The customers in the store.
D． The salespersons of the store.
2.In which order are the new movies moved in the store?
A． From Hottest Hits to Film Library to Recent Releases.
B． From Film Library to Hottest Hits to Recent Releases.
C． From Recent Releases to Film Library to Hottest Hits.
D． From Hottest Hits to Recent Releases to Film Library.
3.Why can’t video games be seen on the shelves?
A． Because they’ve been sold out.
B． Because they’re in the storehouse.
C． Because they’re in a locked case behind the counter.
D． Because they represent a small percentage of the inventory.
4.How can a customer find a film with foreign language subtitles?
A． Check the computer.
B． Look at the back of the box.
C． Check the center section.
D． Watch a few minutes of the film.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年河北邢台第一中学高二12月月考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：完形填空
完形填空,阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1—20各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
It’s The Thought That Counts
This past Christmas was one of the best I have ever had. This was made possible by my sister, Amy. She is eight years older and has already made it into“real world”.
My sister bought me three wonderful gifts, only one would capture my heart forever. First she handed me the . Because Amy is careful with her actions, I knew this was her favourite. It was a bottle of perfume（香水）. I was happy with it, yet as to what lay ahead. Next she handed me a box. After away the wrapping paper, I found a stylish and expensive sweater. I was deeply moved that my sister was so . Then she handed me the gift. Judging by the familiar size and , I knew it was a CD. It was the soundtrack （电影原声带）to the movie“Rocky”, with songs inspiring to all athletes, dreamers…I loved it, but not as much as I would after what my sister explained to me.
She was to a knee injury that me half of my soccer season. I desired to be with my team-mates and each minute I sat on the bench. I tried hard, hoping my knee injury would heal soon. This was what led my sister to buying that CD.
After mentioning what was behind the , Amy played the CD for me. Even though I had heard those songs a thousand times, each note struck me as if it were . It played in my soul and on my emotions. I breathlessly, as the words“Trying hard now. It’s so hard now”sounded through the room. It me in a way beyond the happiness most gifts could bring. I couldn’t_______ crying and hugged my sister. Knowing that my sister had my problem so deeply made me realize that I am the little sister in the world. I had never received a gift with so much behind it！ I’ll cherish it forever.
1.A．and B．but C．which D．for
2.A．smallest B．prettiest C．dearest D．largest
3.A．most B．less C．least D．more
4.A．anxious B．excited C．delighted D．curious
5.A．putting B．tearing C．carrying D．giving
6.A．helpful B．fashionable C．rich D．generous
7.A．rest B．last C．other D．favourite
8.A．color B．style C．pattern D．shape
9.A．immediately B．quickly C．suddenly D．secretly
10.A．explaining B．replying C．referring D．talking
11.A．paid B．stopped C．took D．cost
12.A．enjoyed B．valued C．suffered D．spent
13.A．gift B．story C．sweater D．Christmas
14.A．alive B．new C．strange D．familiar
15.A．listened B．danced C．laughed D．remembered
16.A．harmed B．helped C．broke D．touched
17.A．burst B．hold C．help D．prevent
18.A．found B．got C．felt D．solved
19.A．luckiest B．cleverest C．bravest D．best
20.A．hardship B．thought C．money D．experience
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