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【题目】Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1他说起意大利就好像亲自去过似的。(as if

2每天适度锻炼不仅能保持健康,还能使人精力充沛。(basis

3由于缺乏自律性,他在上网课的时候忍不住偷看手机。(help

4即便患有肺癌,他还是用两年的时间航游世界,其中四分之一的时间是在非洲度过的。(Despite

【答案】

1He talked about Italy as if he had been there before.

2Exercising moderately on a daily basis can not only keep you healthy, but also make you energetic.

3Due to the lack of his self-discipline, he can’t help glancing at the phone when having online courses.

4Despite the fact that he had lung cancer, he still spent 2 years sailing around the world, of which a quarter was spent in Africa.

【解析】

本题考查学生根据汉语意思用所给的词或短语翻译句子。此种题首先要分析所给的汉语句意及具体的考查词的用法,明确考核的要点,选择恰当的词语搭配。这不仅要用所给的词汇进行恰当的翻译,同时还要注意翻译句子时要根据具体的语境,一定要避免汉语式的英语翻译。

1考查as if引导的方式状语从句。“说起意大利”可翻译为“talked about Italy”,as if意为“仿佛,好像”,它引导的从句中使用虚拟语气,此处表示与过去事实相反,从句应使用过去完成时。因此“好像亲自去过似的”可译为“he had been there before”。因此句子“他说起意大利就好像亲自去过似的。”可译为:He talked about Italy as if he had been there before.

2考查固定短语。“每天”可翻译为“on a daily basis”,“适度锻炼”可译为“exercise moderately”,它在从句中作主语,应使用动名词的形式。“不仅……还……”可译为“not only…but also…”。因此句子“每天适度锻炼不仅能保持健康,还能使人精力充沛。”可译为:exercising moderately on a daily basis can not only keep you healthy, but also make you energetic.

3考查固定短语。“由于”可翻译为“due to”,“缺乏”可翻译为“lack of”,“忍不住”可翻译为“can’t help doing”。“偷看手机”可翻译为“glance at the phone”。“上网课的时候”可以使用when引导时间状语从句:when he is having online courses,因为主句的主语和从句一致,因此可以省略从句中的he is。所以“由于缺乏自律性,他在上网课的时候忍不住偷看手机。”可译为:Due to the lack of his self-discipline, he can’t help glancing at the phone when having online courses.

4考查介词despite的用法和同位语从句及定语从句。“即便患有肺癌(的事实)”可翻译为“despite the fact that he had lung cancer”,其中that引导同位语从句。“用两年的时间航游世界”可翻译为“spend 2 years sailing around the world”。 “其中四分之一的时间是在非洲度过的” 可翻译为“of which a quarter was spent in Africa”。of which是介词+which的结构,可以用来引导定语从句,介词of表示所属关系,which指代先行词2 years,从句使用被动语态,整个句子中出现的动词均使用一般过去时态。所以“即便患有肺癌,他还是用两年的时间航游世界,其中四分之一的时间是在非洲度过的。”可译为:Despite the fact that he had lung cancer, he still spent 2 years sailing around the world, of which a quarter was spent in Africa.

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