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【题目】阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当内容(不多于3个词汇)或括号中词汇的正确形式。

The amount and brightness of light from towns and cities around the world is at such a high level that it is reducing the darkness of night. Once upon a time, when night fell, we1(leave) in darkness. Things are different today. A study2(publish) in the journal Science Advances reports that artificial light at night is increasing3(rapid) in most countries worldwide. Scientists say it grew by 2.2 percent a year42012 and 2016. The overuse of artificial light at nighttime is causing us many5problem. According to the International Dark-Sky Association, it is affecting not only our view of the universe, but also our environment, our 6(safe), and our health. Artificial light is a threat to our 7 (nature) environment. It threatens animals that are active at night. It has ecological effects 8many creatures, including humans, and may reshape the entire social ecological system. Many environmentalists thought the9(introduce) of LED lights would help the planet. However, cities are using more LED lights because they are cheaper,10is adding to the light pollution.

【答案】

1were left

2published

3rapidly

4between

5problems

6safety

7natural

8on

9introduction

10which

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。主要说明了发表在《科学进展》杂志上的一项研究报告称,世界上大多数国家的夜间人工照明正在迅速增加,以及夜间过度使用人造光带来了许多问题。

1考查动词时态语态。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,且根据上文fell可知为一般过去时,主语为we,谓语动词用复数形式。故填were left

2考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知publish在句中做非谓语动词,与逻辑主语study构成被动关系,故用过去分词。故填published

3考查副词。修饰动词increase应用副词rapidly,表示“快速地”。故填rapidly

4考查介词。根据短语between…and…表示“在……之间”,故填between

5考查名词的数。problem为可数名词,由many修饰故用复数形式。故填problems

6考查名词。根据上文our为形容词性物主代词可知应填名词safety,表示“安全”。故填safety

7考查形容词。修饰后文名词environment应用形容词natural,表示“自然的”。故填natural

8考查介词。根据短语have an effect on…表示“对……有影响”。故填on

9考查名词。句意:许多环保人士认为,引入LED灯将有助于保护地球。根据上文the可知应填名词introduction,表示“引入”。故填introduction

10考查定语从句。句意:然而,城市正在使用更多的LED灯,因为它们更便宜,这增加了光污染。本句为非限定性定语从句修饰上文整个句子,且从句中缺少主语,故用关系代词which。故填which

当分词做状语的时候,如果构成分词的动词与句子的主语构成主动关系,就使用现在分词做状语;当二者构成被动关系,使用过去分词做状语。如果分词的动作发生在谓语动词之前,就使用分词的完成式。如果分词与句子的主语没有关系,可以使用状语从句或者独立主格结构。

如第二小题,分析句子结构可知publish在句中做非谓语动词,与逻辑主语study构成被动关系,故用过去分词。故填published

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