Question

【题目】The loud continuous noise of the cars or the sound of a plane can force its way into the deepest forest, yet it’s not only humans that are bothered by the noise.

Bioacoustician Bernie Krause has been studying the effect of noise pollution on wildlife, and has come across some interesting behaviors, especially among animals that communicate by vocalization（发声）, like humans. Birds use sound to communicate, but in noisy places, these animals have to shout over the natural noise to be heard.

Krause mentions a study of nightingales to clarify what he means. The birds responded to traffic noise by singing louder and louder until they actually went beyond noise pollution standards in the city. To belt out (sing loudly) their songs, they increased their lung pressure fivefold, but scientists state that this is not dangerous for the birds themselves.

Studies show that sudden noise can cause certain birds to leave their nests, exposing the young to their enemies. One study also showed that songbirds that nested close to busy motorways were much less productive than those that nested farther away. Mammals（哺乳动物）too are affected. A recent study showed that nursing caribou responded to plane noise by not producing enough milk to feed their young.

In some cases noise pollution can actually help some animals while harming others. Toads（蟾蜍）and frogs are known to vocalize in synchrony（同步；同步方式）so that no predator (their enemies) can zero in on them. Krause found that when planes flew overhead and disturbed the toad’s song, they lost their synchronicity, and it took them 45 minutes to get it back again. That gave their natural enemies plenty of time to find and catch individual toads by sound.

According to Kruse, “Not only will noise pollution bother wildlife, but it won’t help our lives either.”

【1】How do young caribou suffer from aircraft noise?

A. They receive less food. B. They can’t sleep at night.

C. They are often displaced. D. They can’t hear their mothers.

【2】What would happen if toads and frogs failed to sing in union?

A. They might become defenseless.

B. They would stop communicating.

C. They would soon regain their rhythm.

D. They might ne unable to hunt in groups.

【3】What is the text mainly about?

A. The effects of noise pollution on wildlife.

B. The causes of noise pollution.

C. Animals’ reaction to noises.

D. The ways animals communicate with each other.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】A

【3】A

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了噪音污染对野生动物的影响。

【1】细节理解题。根据第二段A recent study showed that nursing caribou responded to plane noise by not producing enough milk to feed their young.可知，哺乳中的驯鹿对飞机噪音的反应是不能生产足够的奶来喂养它们的幼仔，所以小驯鹿就没有足够的食物吃。故选A。

【2】细节理解题。根据第三段That gave their natural enemies plenty of time to find and catch individual toads by sound.可知，如果蟾蜍和青蛙不能跟同类合唱保持联系，它们可能会变得毫无防御能力，结果落单的就会被天敌给抓走。故选A。

【3】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段yet it’s not only humans that are bothered by the noise.引出下文：噪音不仅仅扰乱了人类的生活，而且对动物也造成了一定的影响。接下来本文主要讲述的就是噪音对动物的影响。故本文主要说明了噪音污染对野生动物的影响。故选A。

概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词)。文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。本文是一篇说明文。该类文章的中心一般就在第一段或最后一段。本文第一段yet it’s not only humans that are bothered by the noise.引出下文：噪音不仅仅扰乱了人类的生活，而且对动物也造成了一定的影响。接下来本文主要说明的就是噪音对动物的影响。故小题3选A项。