Perfume (香水) has been in existence for a long time. These days, certain perfumes are considered comparable to great works of art. Here are a few of the most famous perfumes in history.
Chanel No.5
This perfume is probably the best-selling scent (气味) in the history of fragrance (香水). Created by Ernst Beaux for Coco Chanel in 1921, it has been described as “the world’s most legendary fragrance”, and remains the company’s most famous perfume.
Shalimar
Jacques Guerlain created this vanilla (香草) fragrance in 1925. The perfume takes its name from the Garden of Shalimar, which was built by Emperor Shah Jehan for one of his wives. It was an immediate hit in 1925 and is still extremely popular today.
Joy
Joy is famous for having been the most expensive perfume in the world at one point. It was created in 1930 by Henri Alméras for Jean Patou to lift the bad mood that had swept over the world after the 1929 stock market crash.
L’Air duTemps
Francis Farbon created Nina Ricci’s L’Air du Temps in 1948. The fragrance is known for its spicy (香的) carnation (康乃馨) and gardenia (栀子) scents as well as its beautiful crystal (水晶的) bottle (designed by Lalique).
Eternity
Calvin Klein’s second perfume was created by Sophia Grojsman in 1988. Known for its light, flowery scent, the perfume was listed in the Fragrance Hall of Fame in 2003. It is recommended for daytime wear.
Angel
This wildly popular perfume was created in 1992 by Olivier Cresp for Thierry Mugler. The perfume was an instant success. The perfume has often been described as “delicious”, owing to its chocolatey (巧克力味的) scent. The perfume comes in beautiful star-shaped bottles. Angel perfume also comes in several bath and body products.
【小题1】Who created Joy?
| A．Henri Alméras. | B．Jean Patou. |
| C．Sophia Grojsman. | D．Jacques Guerlain. |
| A．Shalimar. | B．Chanel No. 5 | C．L’Air du Temps. | D．Eternity. |
| A．its spicy scent | B．its special bottle design |
| C．its vanilla scent | D．its chocolatey scent |
| A．Emperor Shah Jehan created the Shalimar perfume for one of his wives. |
| B．Joy was created to cheer people up after the stock market crash. |
| C．Lalique created Nina Ricci’s L’Air du Temps in 1948. |
| D．Eternity was listed into the Fragrance Hall of Fame in 1988. |
| A．In a textbook. | B．In the newspaper. |
| C．In a travel magazine. | D．In a fashion magazine. |
【小题1】A
【小题2】C
【小题3】D
【小题4】B
【小题5】D
解析试题分析：文章介绍了一些历史上著名的香水，介绍这些香水出名的原因，发明人，和与香水有关的背后的知识。
【小题1】细节题：从文章第四段的句子：It was created in 1930 by Henri Alméras可知Henri Alméras.创造了Joy，选A
【小题2】细节题：从文章第五段的句子：The fragrance is known for its spicy (香的) carnation (康乃馨) and gardenia (栀子) scents as well as its beautiful crystal (水晶的) bottle (designed by Lalique).可知L’Air du Temps 因为它的水晶瓶而著名，选C
【小题3】细节题：从文章最后一段的句子：The perfume has often been described as “delicious”, owing to its chocolatey (巧克力味的) scent.可知The Angel perfume 被描述成是可口的，因为它的巧克力口味，选D
【小题4】细节题：从文章第四段的句子：It was created in 1930 by Henri Alméras for Jean Patou to lift the bad mood that had swept over the world after the 1929 stock market crash.
可知Joy是在股票市场崩溃之后让人们高兴起来而设计的，选B
【小题5】文章出处题：从文章的句子：Here are a few of the most famous perfumes in history.
可知文章介绍了一些历史上著名的香水，所以这篇文章是出自时尚杂志，选D
考点：考查历史类短文
科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
He was the baby with no name. Found and taken from the north Atlantic 6 days after the sinking of the Titanic in 1912, his tiny body so moved the salvage（救援）workers that they called him “our baby. ” In their home port of Halifax, Nova Scotia, people collected money for a headstone in front of the baby's grave, carved with the words: “To the memory of an unknown child. ” He has rested there ever since.
But history has a way of uncovering its secrets. On Nov. 5, this year, three members of a family from Finland arrived at Halifax and laid fresh flowers at the grave. “This is our baby,” says Magda Schleifer, 68, a banker. She grew up hearing stories about a great-aunt named Maria Panula, 42, who had sailed on the Titanic for America to be reunited with her husband. According to the information Mrs. Schleifer had gathered, Panula gave up her seat on a lifeboat to search for her five children -- including a 13-month-old boy named Eino from whom she had become separated during the final minutes of the crossing. "We thought they were all lost in the sea," says Schleifer.
Now, using teeth and bone pieces taken from the baby's grave, scientists have compared the DNA from the Unknown Child with those collected from members of five families who lost relatives on the Titanic and never recovered the bodies. The result of the test points only to one possible person: young Eino. Now, the family sees: no need for a new grave. "He belongs to the people of Halifax," says Schleifer. "They've taken care of him for 90 years. "
Adapted from People, November 25, 2002
【小题1】The baby travelled on the Titanic with his___________.
| A．mother | B．parents | C．aunt | D．relatives |
| A．Schleiferi | B．Eino. | C．Magda. | D．Panula. |
| A．1912 | B．1954 | C．2002 | D．2004 |
| A．the unknown baby's body was taken from the north Atlantic |
| B．the unknown baby was buried in Halifax, Nova Scotia |
| C．people found out who the unknown baby was |
| D．people took care of the unknown baby for 90 years |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
A super drug that could remove Alzheimer’s (老年痴呆症)，heart disease and diabetes (糖尿病) and help people live to 100 is being developed by scientists. Their research is based on the identification of three genes that help prolong lives and prevent diseases which occur in old age. Medically controlling the proteins made by the “ longevity genes” will allow millions to live longer, predicts Dr Nir Barzilai.
Those whose DNA strongly features the three genes are 80 percent less likely to develop Alzheimer’s. The genes also fight against the deadly impact of smoking, poor diet, obesity and lack of exercise.
Already, several laboratories are working on a pill to imitate the benefits of the genes and Dr Barzilai thinks it could be tested within three years. The pill could remove some diseases that damage old age. “ The advantage of finding a gene that involves longevity is that we can develop a drug that will imitate exactly what this gene is doing,” he said.
Of the three longevity genes, two genes increase the production of so-called good cholesterol(胆固醇), which reduces the risk of heart disease. The third prevents diabetes. They were discovered by Dr Barzilai’s team while studying the DNA of 500 Ashkenazi Jews with an average age of 100. The chances of living that long are one in 10,000 but the group, which shared relatively few common ancestors, was 20 times more likely to hit the entury. Dr Barzilai said: “ 30 percent of them were obese or overweight and 30 percent smoked two acks of cigarettes a day for more than 40 years, however they can live to 100.”
But Andrew Ketteringham of the Alzheimer’s Society said: “Alzheimer’s disease, a most common disease, is likely to be caused by a combination of genetic disosition(遗传倾向), lifestyles and life events. Many genes are probably involved.
【小题1】Some people are able to live to 100 years because of ______.
| A．a magical medicine | B．three special genes | C．good living habits | D．longevity proteins |
| A．Because it can bring great benefits to scientific labs. |
| B．Because it can help people change their unhealthy genes |
| C．Because it helps produce a drug that can make people live longer. |
| D．Because it will help scientists build up a new branch of biology. |
| A．longevity genes can create good cholesterol. |
| B．the volunteers share some common ancestors |
| C．bad habits are likely to have no effect on the volunteers |
| D．longevity genes protect the volunteers against bad habits |
| A．Positive | B．Negative | C．Critical | D．Cautious |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
History is full of cases where dreams have been a pathway to creativity and discovery.A striking example is provided by Dr.Otto Loewi，a pharmacologist and winner of a Nobel Prize.Loewi had spent years studying the chemical transmission of nerve impulses (脉搏)．A tremendous breakthrough in his research came when he dreamed of an experiment three nights in a row.The first two nights he woke up and wrote down the experiment quickly and untidily on paper.But the next morning，he couldn't tell what the notes meant.On the third night，he got up after having the dream.This time，instead of making notes he went straight to his laboratory and performed the crucial experiment.Loewi later said that if the experiment had occurred to him while awake he would have rejected it.
Loewi's experiment gives some insight into using dreams to produce creative solutions.Inhibitions (拘谨) are reduced during dreaming，which may be especially useful in solving problems that require a fresh point of view.
Being able to take advantage of dreams for problem solving is improved if you “set” yourself before retiring.Before you go to bed，try to think intently about a problem you wish to solve.Bury yourself in the problem by stating it clearly and reviewing all relevant information.Then use the suggestions listed in the previous section to catch your dreams.Although this method is not guaranteed to produce a novel solution or a new insight，it is certain to be an adventure.About half of a group of college students using the method for a week recalled a dream that helped them solve a personal problem.
【小题1】The main idea of this passage is that ________.
| A．very little is really known about the meaning of dreams |
| B．it is possible to “catch” one's dreams by planning before going to sleep |
| C．dreams can be useful in producing creative solutions to one's problems |
| D．Loewi's experiment helped in the study of transmision of nerve impulses |
| A．classifying types of experiments |
| B．summarizing the work of one researcher |
| C．comparing and exploring historical cases |
| D．telling in time order about one man's research |
| A．asked someone else to do it |
| B．thought it was a bad idea |
| C．tried it out on his own |
| D．thought it was a wise idea |
| A．Loewi should not have conducted his experiment |
| B．dreaming is of very little value to most people |
| C．inhibitions may stop someone thinking of useful ideas |
| D．college students should not try out dream experiments |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
We now think of chocolate as sweet, but once it was bitter. We think of it as a candy, but once it was a medicine. Today, chocolate can be a hot drink, a frozen dessert, or just a snack. Sometimes it's an ingredient (配料) in the main course of a meal. Mexicans make a hot chocolate sauce called mole and pour it over chicken. The Mexicans also eat chocolate with spices (香料) like chili peppers.
Chocolate is a product of the tropical cacao tree. The beans taste so bitter that even the monkeys say "Ugh!" and run away. Workers must first dry and then roast the beans. This removes the bitter taste.
The word "chocolate" comes from a Mayan word. The Mayas were an ancient people who once lived in Mexico. They valued the cacao tree. Some used the beans for money, while others crushed them to make a drink.
When the Spaniards came to Mexico in the sixteenth century, they started drinking cacao too. Because the drink was strong and bitter, they thought it was a medicine. No one had the idea of adding sugar. The Spaniards took some beans back to Europe and opened cafes. Wealthy people drank cacao and said it was good for the digestion.
In the 1800s, the owner of a chocolate factory in England discovered that sugar removed the bitter taste of cacao. It quickly became a cheap and popular drink. Soon afterwards, a factory made the first solid block of sweetened chocolate. Later on, another factory mixed milk and chocolate together. People liked the taste of milk chocolate even better.
Besides the chocolate candy bar, one of the most popular American snacks is the chocolate chip cookie. Favorite desserts are chocolate cream pie and, of course, an ice cream sundae with hot fudge sauce.
【小题1】The main topic of the passage is _________.
| A．the different tastes of chocolate |
| B．the origin of the word “chocolate” |
| C．the medical effects of chocolate |
| D．the production and development of chocolate |
| A．it was strong and bitter. |
| B．it was good for digestion. |
| C．it cured man's diseases. |
| D．it was a kind of drink for good health. |
| A．a-b-c-d-e | B．c-d-e-b-a | C．c-d-a-b-e | D．c-d-b-e-a |
| A．Mexicans like chocolate very much |
| B．chocolate can be a hot drink, a frozen dessert, or a candy bar |
| C．chocolate is a product of the cacao tree |
| D．people liked the taste of chocolate mixed with milk |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Once upon a time, on an isolated island in the Java sea, lived short people who dominated(支配, 占优势) the food chain. Standing no more than three and a half feet tall, these human ancestors hunted giant rats, lumbering lizards（笨拙的蜥蜴), and miniature elephants.
It sounds a bit like a fairy tale, but it's true. Unearthed relics on the island uncovered the remains of a race of tiny human ancestors. Homo floresiensis, as the newly discovered species has been named, apparently could date back to 13,000 years ago. This means they have a lot in common with modern humans.
So how and why did these people get so small? Scientists suspect that it's due to the fact that this race lived on an isolated island with limited resources. Take the miniature elephants for example. When elephants first came to the island either by swimming or by some kind of natural land raft, they were probably close to full size. But since there wasn't much to eat, over time smaller elephants lived longer and better. The smaller the elephant was, the less it had to eat to stay strong and healthy.
Scientists call this the "island role", and it can apply to humans as well as animals. Given the island's sparse(稀少) food supply, it makes sense that the early humans living there would have evolved (进化) a body size requiring less food to survive. So bigger isn't always better. In the floresiensis, at least, getting smaller was the way to go.
【小题1】According to the passage, the fact Homo floresiensis are very small is based on________.
| A．the islanders in the Java Sea | B．the human ancestors |
| C．a newspaper report | D．the unearthed relics |
| A．tiny | B．active | C．rare | D．wild |
| A．they gradually developed for lack of food. |
| B．they did not have enough food to eat. |
| C．they shared less food with elephants. |
| D．they remained alive as the elephants. |
| A．The history of short people | B．Short people on an isolated island |
| C．The proofs on short people | D．Short people from a fairy tale |
| A．run quickly | B．live weaker | C．live longer | D．run slowly |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
The USA is a land of immigrants. Between 1815 and 1914, the world witnessed the greatest peaceful migration in its history: 35 million people, mostly Europeans, left their homelands to start new lives in America. Why did these people risk everything by leaving their homes and families?
First, what forced emigrants to make the decision to leave? One major cause for European farmers to leave was the rise in population which in turn led to land hunger. Another was politics. There was an increased taxation（税收）and the growth of armies, and many young men fled eastern Europe to avoid being forced to join the army.
Physical hunger provided another pressing reason. Following the collapse （衰退）of the economy of southern Italy in the 1860s, hundreds of thousands decided to start a new life in America. Religion also encouraged millions to leave the Old World.
In short, people chose to leave their homes for social, economic and religious reasons. As a result, by 1890 among a total population of 63 million, there were more than nine million foreign-born Americans.
But what were the attractions? First of all, there was the promise of land which was so scarce in Europe. Next, factories were calling for workers, and pay conditions were much better than back home. Men were needed to open up the West and build the long railroads, and new towns needed settlers to live in and to develop business. There was the space for religious people to practice their faith in peace.
This immigration meant that by around the 1850s Americans of non-English had started to be more than those of English. As we know, there were losers. To start with, there were those unwilling immigrants, the slaves who had been used as a source of cheap labour. Nor should we forget the equally unlucky American Indians. By 1860 there were 27 million free whites, four million slaves and a mere 488,000 free blacks.
Nowadays, the USA is still seen by millions as the Promised Land. As always, it remains an attractive place to those who think it will offer them a second chance.
【小题1】What is not the cause for people to leave their homeland?
| A．The search for religious freedom. | B．The search for adventure. |
| C．Unwillingness to join the army. | D．Economics. |
| A．There was no land. | B．There was no peace. |
| C．The population had gone down. | D．There were too many of them. |
| A．Employment | B．A healthy life |
| C．freedom of religion | D．Business opportunities |
| A．The USA is still seen by millions as the Promised Land. |
| B．The USA is a land of immigrants. |
| C．Religion encouraged millions to leave the Old World. |
| D．About one-eighth of non-native born Americans live in the USA in 1890. |
| A．were as fortunate as the slaves |
| B．were more unfortunate than the slaves |
| C．were the most unfortunate |
| D．were as unfortunate as the slaves |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：单选题
最近，你们班召开了以“我的中国梦”为主题的班会活动。请写一篇日记，记述班会情况及自己的感受。
内容要点如下： 1.每位同学都畅谈了自己对中国梦的理解；
2.你谈到了自己的梦想；
3.如何实现自己的梦想。
注意： 1. 总词数120左右。
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：写作题
假设你是英语科代表，请根据以下提示，通知你班美国学生参加学校为交换生举办的一次讲座。
1. 时间：周三下午4点；
2. 地点：图书馆；
3. 内容：我校历史张老师讲授中国传统节日；
4. 提示：准时到场；做好记录; 欢迎提问。
注意：1. 词数不少于50；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Boys and girls,
May I have your attention, please?
That’s all. Thank you!
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