In August 2015, President Obama announced that North America’s highest mountain, Mount McKinley, would be renamed. Its new moniker（名字）, Denali, was actually its original Aleut name, meaning “the high one”. The previous name, on the other hand, only dates back to 1896—the year when it was named in honour of William McKinley（1843—1901）, who was shortly to become President of the United States. Denali is of course not the only mountain with an interesting linguistic history, so let’s travel to Asia, and across Europe, to explore the naming of those continents’ most famous peaks and mountain ranges.
The Nepalese name Himalaya comes from a Sanskrit word meaning “Abode of Snow”, from hima for “snow” and ālaya for “abode”. In Buddhist sources, Himalaya is known by various names such as Himavā and Himavanta.
In 1856, Mount Everest was named after Sir George Everest （1790—1866）, who was the superintendent （负责人）of the Trigonometrical Survey of India. Everest himself was initially displeased by the naming, since he feared that local inhabitants might not be able to pronounce it.
K2 stands for Karakoram 2, because it was the second peak to be surveyed in the Trigonometrical Survey in the Karakoram system. It was also formerly known as Mount Godwin Austen after Col. H. H. Godwin Austen, who first surveyed it. Another alternative name for the mountain is Chhogori.
Annapurna is a household Goddess for Hindus, who guarantees to her worshippers （崇拜者）that food will not fail. The name derives（源出）from a Sanskrit word meaning “one who gives nourishment”.
The Matterhorn’s name derives from the name of the nearby town of Zermatt, the second element of which is apparently Matte “meadow”, and Horn, “horn”. Horn is not an unusual element in German names of mountains with jutting（突出的）peaks. The mountain is called Mont Cervin in French and Monte Cervino in Italian, from the Italian adjective cervino “deer-like”, which conjures up （使想起）a deer’s antlers.
Ben Nevis is the Anglicized form of the Scottish Gaelic name Beinn Nibheis, which means“Mountain by the（River）Nevis”. The name of the river apparently derives from a Celtic root for “water”.
1. How many continents’ mountains are mentioned in the passage?
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5
2.Himalaya is a mountain also named ________.
A. Nepalese B. Abode of Snow
C. Alaya D. Himavā
3. Which of the following is FALSE according to the passage?
A. Everest was unhappy about the name of Mount Everest at first.
B. K2 was once called Col. H. H. Godwin.
C. Annapurna means “one who offers food”.
D. Matterhorn comes from the name of the nearby town of Zermatt.
4.The above mountains’ names come from sources other than _________.
A. color B. a Sanskrit word
C. a person’s name D. geographic name
科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年河北邯郸一中高一下期中考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：书面表达
《百万英镑》是马克·吐温的代表作之一，深受全世界青少年读者的喜爱。它以幽默讽刺的语言向我们讲述了一个美国穷小子亨利·亚当斯在伦敦的奇遇。假设老师让你在英语课上为同学们介绍小说《百万英镑》。请你根据以上内容，写一篇100次左右的讲稿。
ziyuanku.com内容要求：小说名、作者、故事梗概、语言风格以及人们对这本书的评价。
参考词汇：奇遇 fortuitous adventure 讽刺的 sarcastic
Today I am going to introduce to you a novel. ________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
This is a brief introduction to the story. Hope you will enjoy reading this representative work of Mark Twain.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年贵州思南中学高二下期中考试英语卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
From the time l was young，I've noticed changes in people's hairstyles, clothes, facial expressions and behaviors. 1. I respond, “I pay attention."
I believe in paying attention to the world around me, in the power of paying attention..
I grew up on our family farm, surrounded by fields of wheat, soybeans, and corn. My grandpa Bohil always had an eye to the sky, interpreting the clouds and their various colors. He knew when the soybeans got the color of brown paper bags it was time to harvest. He knew when the wheat rustled (沙沙作响) like scratchy dry skin it was time to harvest that, too. 2.
My mother sewed everything from curtains to clothes. She made quite a few of my clothes. Her pattern work was so precise, her seam（线缝）work so exact. Fittings were exercises in detail. 3. The women in my family practiced exacting crafts, requiring precision and an eye for detail, attention to color combinations, a love of a patterned world.
4. It was the clothes on my body, and the quilt on my bed. Noticing was the crops in the fields, and the clouds in the sky.
I' m a teaching writer. Seeing details is my job, both in my writing and in my students’. Nothing is too small to ignore. Noticing is my job. _5. I notice the sun and clouds on my pages and theirs, both the bright skies and the storms on the horizon.
The world is made up of one detail after another, and by opening my eyes to each of them, I can see the world much more clearly, much more broadly. By paying attention, I learn to expand.
A. So if I notice that your eyes look dull instead of bright, you will know why.
B. She would tear the seams and start over if something wasn 't quite right.
C. I sew, quilt, plant, cultivate, and harvest, alone and with my students.
D. My great-grandmother quilted blankets for each of us.
E. Often, people act surprised and ask, "You noticed?"
F. Farming is about noticing, about paying attention.
G. Noticing was all around me.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2016届山东临沂市高三第二次模拟考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Eleven-year old Nya lives in South Sudan．For seven months of the year，she has to make two long walks to a pond near her village to fetch water for her family．During the dry months，the family moves to a camp by a lake where Nya and her family dig the clay of the lake bed with their hands and wait for hours to gather a small amount of dirty water that trickles in．
1. Often they are unable to go to school to learn how to read and write．
But did you know that water is one of the most abundant resources on our planet? Water makes up 71％of the Earth’s surface． 2. ．We often tend to take water for granted until it is in short supply．
To bring our awareness to this life-giving resource，the United Nations determined in 1993 that March 22nd every year will be observed to celebrate World Water Day．
Every year，the United Nations General Assembly sets a theme for the World Water Day．3. The theme in 2016-water and jobs—intends to bring our attention to the quality of life of the workers who ensure the safety and availability of this critical resource．
4. Workers in factories around the world fall ill and die when they have poor access to clean water．
In many countries，women and children like Nya walk several hours every day to bring home water to their families． 5. Now imagine，if clean and safe water was guaranteed—these children could be learning skills that could help them find better work．
A．But these jobs are often not paid for nor are they recognized．
B．This year’s theme is“Better Water，Better Jobs”．
C．What would happen if we run out of clean water?
D．Every day countless kids like Nya work hard to fetch clean water for their families．
E．Unfortunately only 3％of the water is fresh water that can support human and other animal life．
F．It is hard for these poor kids to fetch enough clean water．
G．Did you know that 340，000 workers die each year because of inadequate water supply?
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科目：高中英语 来源：2016届河南省八市高三第三次质检英语试卷（解析版） 题型：语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Dubai
Dubai was a 6,000-person fishing village half a century ago. Since 1966, when oil was discovered there, the population of Dubai has grown 1. 2.6 million. Over the years, it has become a well-known tourist destination.
2._ attracts tourists to Dubai are tax-free shopping, dry weather, excellent accommodations, delicious food and beaches that go on for miles. In fact, some foreigners come here only 3. （experience） the shopping. There are dozens of shopping malls, 4._ （provide）every famous brand you can name. Those outdoor markets sell everything from spices（香料）to gold at fair prices.
Choosing what places to visit in Dubai is difficult, because even the hotels there are also amazing 5. （attract）. The Burj A1 Arab is considered one of the world’s best hotels, and __6. is located on its own island, about 1,000 feet offshore from Dubai. Built in the shape of __7. ship, this hotel is still 8. （tall） than the Eiffel Tower and nearly as tall as the Empire State Building. Certainly, there are also other great places of interest to visit.
Indeed, travelling around this country will 9. （true）give you an amazing experience because of its interesting things 10. （offer） to all types of tourists.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2016届北京顺义区高三第一次统练（一模）英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
D
Attention to detail is something everyone can and should do — especially in tight job market.
Bob Crossley, a human-resources expert notices this in the job applications that come across his desk every day. “It’s amazing how many candidates eliminate (淘汰) themselves,” he says. “Resumes (简历) arrive with faults. Some candidates don’t bother to spell the company’s name correctly. Once I see a mistake, I refuse the candidates,” Crossley concludes,” If they cannot take care of these details, why should we trust them with a job?”
Can we pay too much attention to details? Absolutely not.
Perfectionists(完美主义者) struggle over little things instead of something larger they work toward. “To keep from losing the forest for the trees,” says Charles Garfield, the professor at the University of California, San Francisco, “We must constantly ask ourselves how the details we’re working will influence the larger picture. If they don’t, we should drop them and move to something else.”
Garfield compares this process to his work as a computer scientist at NASA. “The Apollo II moon launch was slightly off-course 90 percent of the time,” says Garfield. “But a successful landing was still likely because we knew the exact position of our goal. This allowed us to make adjustments as necessary.” Knowing where to go helps us judge the importance of every task we undertake.
Again and again, we see that by doing little things within our grasp well, large rewards follow.
1.According to the passage, some job applicants were refused because they are ________.
A. too limitedly educated to write a perfect resume
B. so careless that they make some spelling mistakes in their resume
C. so careless that they forget the company’s name
D. too foolish to spell the company’s name correctly
2.From the passage, we can infer that a perfectionist will _________.
A. change their goals as the situations change
B. lose their jobs by paying too much attention to details
C. pay attention to details as much as to their major goals
D. pay attention to details more than their major goals
3.Garfield makes his opinion believable by _________.
A. giving ideas of experts
B. offering examples of resumes
C. providing an example of his work.
D. showing the results of experiments
4.Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?
I: Introduction P:Point Sp: Sub-point （次要点）C: Conclusion
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科目：高中英语 来源：2016届北京顺义区高三第一次统练（一模）英语试卷（解析版） 题型：单项填空
If he ____hard, he would have passed the exam.
A. were to work B. had worked
C. should work D. was to work
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科目：高中英语 来源：2016届北京朝阳区高三第二次（5月）综合练习英语卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Phone Soap: Charge and Clean Your Phone
You may charge your phone every day, but do you clean your phone as much? Whatever your hands touch, your phones touch. It has been discovered that some phones have 18 times more bacteria and viruses than any surface in a public restroom. So it probably won’t surprise you that a 2011 University of London study found that one in six of our phones have bacteria and viruses on them—specifically, the bacteria called E. coli.
The research on bacteria and viruses led to the invention of Phone Soap. It is not actually liquid like dishwasher soap. It is a phone charger that uses the electromagnetic radiation (辐射) used in hospitals to kill 99.9 percent of bacteria and viruses, cleaning your phone while it charges.
“There are really certain types of bacteria and viruses that we should not be in touch with, and they are really on our phones,” says Wes Barnes, the Phone Soap co-founder. It all started while his cousin and co-founder, Dan LaPorte, was in his cancer research lab at college. “He realized he got the idea of getting rid of bacteria and viruses on the phones,” said Barnes. “In the lab they used UV-C light for destroying them. He realized this would be the fastest, most powerful way to kill any bacteria and viruses living on electronic machines.”
Phone Soap looks like a little metal suitcase. Your phone rests in to charge and get cleaned at the same time. Instead of plugging your phone into the wall, you’d plug it into the Phone Soap charger box. The process only takes a few minutes but, Barnes says, “The idea is that you can leave it in there overnight if you want to keep charging. Reflective paint keeps the light completely around the phone so it cleans the phone fully.”
The co-founders spent 2013 finding the right companies and they started shipping the product in late November. By last week’s International Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas, Phone Soap was all grown-up. Both co-founders have left their previous jobs and are selling Phone Soap nonstop. “We’re shipping almost more than we can handle each day,” Barnes says. “It’s been a great adventure.”
1.We can learn from the first paragraph that ______.
A. phones can be very dirty
B. phones are where bacteria are born
C. most phones are attacked by bacteria
D. phones store more bacteria in a restroom
2.According to the passage, Phone Soap ______.
A. takes a whole night to kill bacteria
B. deals with bacteria with radiation
C. is a kind of liquid like dishwasher soap
D. has to be plugged into the wall to work
3. From what Barnes said in the last paragraph, we can infer that ______.
A. Phone Soap is in great demand now
B. Phone Soap is really hard to handle
C. they can’t produce enough Phone Soap
D. they’ll make improvements to Phone Soap
4.What’s the passage mainly about?
A. Methods of cleaning phones.
B. Tips on charging phones quickly.
C. Soap killing harmful bacteria on phones.
D. A phone charger keeping your phone clean.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年黑龙江佳木斯二中高二下期中考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A group of graduates got together to visit their old university professor. The conversation soon turned into complaints about _________ in work and life. To offer his_________ coffee, the professor went to the kitchen and _________ with a large pot of coffee and a _________ of cups—porcelain, plastic, glass, crystal, some plain-looking, some expensive, some beautiful—telling them to _________ themselves to the coffee.
When all the students had a cup of coffee in hand, the professor said, “if you have _________ , all the nice-looking expensive cups have been taken up, _________ the plain and cheap ones. While it is _________ for you to want only the best for yourselves, that is the_________ of your problems and stress.”
“Be assured that the cup itself _________ no quality to the coffee. _________ it is just more expensive and in some cases _________ hides what we drink.” “ _________ all of you really want is the coffee, not the cup, _________ you consciously went for the best cups… And then you began _________ each other’s cups.”
Now consider this: _________ is the coffee; the jobs, money and position in society are the cups. They are just tools to hold and _________ life, and the type of cup we have does not define, nor change the _________ of life we live. Sometimes, by concentrating only on the cup, we _________ to enjoy the coffee. Value the coffee, not the cups! Don’t let the cups _________you… enjoy the coffee instead.
1.A. stress B. dream C. sorrow D. truth
2.A. friends B. customers C. fellows D. guests
3.A. carried B. returned C. arrived D. reached
4.A. kind B. variety C. sort D. number
5.A. devote B. expose C. help D. absorb
6.A. searched B. witnessed C. noticed D. discovered
7.A. leaving behind B. leaving over C. falling about D. falling behind
8.A. strange B. normal C. wonderful D. important
9.A. purpose B. answer C. source D. result
10.A. takes B. links C. passes D. adds
11.A. At no time B. At all times C. In no case D. In most cases
12.A. ever B. even C. never D. hardly
13.A. What B. That C. Which D. Whether
14.A. but B. so C. and D. for
15.A. suspecting B. liking C. praising D. eyeing
16.A. Love B. Life C. Future D. Failure
17.A. contain B. create C. support D. own
18.A. quantity B. style C. quality D. standard
19.A. have B. manage C. plan D. fail
20.A. envy B. drive C. force D. assess
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