Long long ago, there was a small village. This village had a 36 tradition. At the beginning of every year, any boy who had reached the age of 18 was given land and money to build a home. The boy had to 37 his home before winter. If his home failed to endure the cold weather in winter, the villagers could not 38 him in any way.
One 39 , Paul and Marc reached their 18. They 40 their land and money and decided to search nearby villages for ideas on building their homes. In each village, they found the nicest 41 and talked to the owners. Each owner gladly offered 42 .
After Marc saw several homes, he 43 the best ideas and went back to his own land. Paul, 44 , continued collecting more ideas. Soon he had so many great ideas that he began to 45 some of them. But he always believed he could find even better ideas in the next village.
Marc began building his home. He had several false starts, 46 his home gradually rose from his land. By fall, Marc had finished his home. It wasn't perfect, but it was strong and he could 47 it later. Paul enjoyed all the beautiful homes and 48 with home owners. The first snow came and Paul, realizing he was running out of time, 49 back to his land. He built the best home he could in the time he had, but it was 50 . The first winter storm destroyed his home and he froze to 51 . The villagers mourned for him.
Marc 52 the winter. Each year, Marc searched for other good ideas he could use to make his own home look better. He became a leader in the village, 53 a family, and lived a happy, content life.
We all build and improve our own mental homes. It’s 54 and fun for us to search for ideas from other mental home owners, but we only improve our own mental home if we actually 55 the best ideas.
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【小题1】B
【小题2】D
【小题3】B
【小题4】C
【小题5】A
【小题6】D
【小题7】C
【小题8】A
【小题9】D
【小题10】B
【小题11】D
【小题12】C
【小题13】B
【小题14】A
【小题15】B
【小题16】A
【小题17】D
【小题18】C
【小题19】A
【小题20】C
解析试题分析：本文讲述了很久以前，有个小村庄，有个奇怪的传统，男孩到了18岁，在那年年初就给他一些钱和土地，让他自己在那年冬天以前盖好房子，任何人不能帮他，结果有一年Marc和 Paul成年了。他们就去各村去走访征求大家的盖房的意见，Marc在走访了一些村民，有了自己的想法，就回去盖房去了，而Paul还是继续走访收集资料，可是当他看到时间不多了，就急匆匆地把房盖好了，可是第一场雪就把他的房子给毁了，他被冻死了，而Marc后来成了村里的领导。通过这个故事告诉我们，无论是精神世界还是物质世界，一些想法的寻找是简单的，但是想法的运用却是另外一回事。
【小题1】考查形容词辨析。由下文对这个传统的描述来看，这个传统很独特，所以四个词中只有strange (奇怪的)符合语境。语境为：很久很久以前，有一个小村庄有着一个奇怪的传统。每到年初，已成年的男孩就会拿到一块地和资金(自己动手)去修建自己的房屋。hopeful 有希望的；literary 文艺的，书本的；cultural文化的。故选B。
【小题2】考查动词词义辨析。这里指的是在冬天到来前就要完成房屋的修建,所以用complete，意思是：完成。倒数第三段 “By fall, Marc had finished his home．”中有同义词复现：finish。故选D。
【小题3】考查动词词义辨析。 倒数第三段“The first winter storm destroyed his home and he froze to 51 ．The villagers mourned for him．”告诉我们，由于Paul修建的房子不好，被冻死了，人们都来哀悼他，但没有帮助他度过寒冬，由此可以看出，在这一奇怪的传统中，别人是不能提供帮助的，所以选help。故选B。
【小题4】考查据语境选词。上一段告诉我们，成年的男孩是在每年的年初(At the beginning of every year)拿到一块地和资金的，四个选项中只有spring(春天)符合境。故选C。
【小题5】考查动词辨析。对应第一段提到的was given，所以这里选receive意思是：收到。exchange 交换；recognize 认出，承认；advise 建议，忠告。故选A。
【小题6】考查据语境选词。前文告诉我们，他们要建的是房子，这是在外出考察，自然是找最好的房子和房主交谈以获得如何建好房子的建议。文中有多处同义词home的复现。故选D。
【小题7】考查名词词义辨析。每一位房主都很乐意提供给他们(关于如何建好房子的)建议。所以选advice。可以从“Soon he had so many great ideas that he began to 45 some of them．”中的idea得到启示。故选C。
【小题8】考查动词辨析。Marc 参观了几栋房子，把房主们提供的建议搜集起来，所以选gather。意思是：搜集。44空后的“continued collecting more ideas”有同义词复现。expect 期待，预料；create 创造；understand理解。故选A。
【小题9】考查副词辨析。考查动词辨析。Mar开始建房，而Paul却仍在继续搜集如何建房的建议，两者之间是转折关系，所以用however。故选D。
【小题10】考查动词辨析。由于搜集的好的修建房屋的方法太多了，以至于都忘了一部分，所以用forget。 believe 认为，相信；replace代替；doubt怀疑。故选B。
【小题11】考查连词辨析。“He had several false starts”和“his home gradually rose from his land”之间是转折关系，所以用but。故选D。
【小题12】考查动词辨析。倒数第二段 “Each year, Marc searched for other good ideas he could use to make his own home look better．”中的make his own home look better，说的就是他所修的房子可以在建成后随时改良，所以用improve。repair 修理、修补；rebuild重建；sell卖。故选C。
【小题13】考查名词辨析。第二段的“In each village, they found the nicest 41 and talked to the owners．”可知，应该选conversations，意思是：谈话、会话。故选B。
【小题14】考查动词辨析。冬天来了，第一场雪使Paul意识到建房子所剩的时间不多了，所以自己便急匆匆地往回赶，所以选rush，意思是：冲、奔，急匆匆的赶。故选A。
【小题15】考查形容词辨析。由后面的“The first winter storm destroyed his home”可以看出，由于动工时间较晚，时间紧，他修的房子不牢固，所以选weak，意思是：不牢固的。Funny滑稽的；small小的；amazing令人吃惊的。故选B。
【小题16】考查名词辨析。下一句“The villagers mourned for him”告诉我们，村民们都去哀悼他，由此可知他被冻死了，所以选death。故选A。
【小题17】考查动词辨析。这里指的是Marc由于修好了房子，顺利渡过了冬天，所以用survive，意思是：从困境中挺过来。故选D。
【小题18】考查动词辨析。raise 养育。句意为：(后来)他成了村里的领导，养育了一家人，幸福满意的生活着。如果把 A 项后加上up，也是正确的。故选C。
【小题19】考查形容词辨析。上面的故事告诉我们，建议和想法的寻找是简单的，而实践才是困难的，所以选easy。故选A。
【小题20】考查动词辨析。这里指的是最好的想法的“应用”，所以选apply。故选C。
考点：这是故事类的文章。
点评：一般情况下完形填空题语篇的第一句话和最后一句话都是完整的。针对这个特点，考生应该重点阅读这一头一尾的两个句子。快速阅读全文，掌握全文的大意和主题。
在阅读全文时千万不要急于看文章后每个题目的选项，应该对空格所在的上下文仔细阅读，预测可能出现的答案。
对于难以确定答案的题，要根据上下文语境，运用语法和词汇知识，反复推敲以求得解答。对于同义词和近义词的选项，在充分考虑到上下文具体语境下特别注意这些同义词和近义词搭配。
完成全部问题后应该将答案带入文章再通读全文，核查答案是否合适、正确、尽量少出错误。
阶梯计算系列答案科目：高中英语 来源：活题巧解巧练·高一英语（上） 题型：050
阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给四个选项(A，B，C和D)中，选出最佳选项．
Mr Brown liked to be exact. One day, he was sitting at the door reading a book carefully when a stranger came up to him and asked, “Excuse me, but could you tell me the way to the nearest hospital?” “Sure,”answered Brown. “You must go across the bridge and then turn right. The bridge is only 20 meters long.”
The stranger thanked him and went on his way. He was still walking across the bridge when someone suddenly called out from behind him. “Look out!” the stranger turned around and found it was Mr Brown. “I'm sorry,”said Mr Brown,“I just gave you the wrong direction. I have come to tell you that the bridge is 40 metres long, not 20 metres. If you go 20 metres and then turn right, you will fall into the river.”
1．From the story we know that the stranger ________.
[ ]
A．had to cross a bridge
B．wanted to see a doctor
C．would ask Mr Brown for help
D．had been there many times
2．After the stranger heard Mr Brown's last words, he would probably ________.
[ ]
A．thank him a lot
B．go another twenty metres
C．turn back with a smile
D．laugh at him
3．Which of the following is not true according to the passage?
[ ]
A．Mr Brown told the stranger the bridge was not 20 metres long but 40.
B．Mr Brown was afraid that the stranger would fall into the river.
C．Mr Brown knew he gave the wrong direction and caught up with the stranger.
D．Mr Brown didn't catch up with the stranger until he had crossed the bridge.
4．What does “Look out” mean in the text?
[ ]
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科目：高中英语 来源：2012-2013学年山东省济宁市泗水一中高一12月质量检测英语试卷（带解析） 题型：完型填空
We often see dogs always put their tongues(舌头)out in summer. But 1 the dogs didn’t do so. Long long ago, the dog was very bad .He 2 did a good deed.
One summer day the dog 3 into a forest. 4 he saw the forest was beautiful and clean , a 5 idea came to him. Then he brought 6 dirty things to the forest and put 7 everywhere. What he did was 8 by a monkey who hid 9 a big tree. He didn’t tell anyone 10 the dog did because 11 did not know why the dog did so.
Several days 12 ,it got hotter and hotter , and the dirty things became rotten(腐烂).The air smelt 13 . Many animals fell ill. All the other animals became angry and tried 14 who had done it and punish him. The money knew 15 bad the dog was. So he 16 the other animals the truth. They catch up with the dog and 17 him eat all the dirty things and 18 the forest clean.
After that the dog 19 honest. To remember this, he put his tongue out in 20.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2010届福建省高二上学期期末考试 题型：阅读理解
第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题，每题2分，满分40分）
Sitting too much is now listed with
smoking and junk food as a bad habit that increases your risk of heart disease.
New Australian research shows that half-an-hour in the gym will not make up for the waist-expanding damage caused by spending the rest of the day sitting.
But the good news is that doing chores (家务杂事) in the house or gently walking around the office while on the phone might be enough to keep you fit.
The study joins the growing body of evidence suggesting too much sitting might undo the benefits of exercise.
The study measured the intensity (强度) of physical activities in 168 subjects over seven days. It found that, regardless of how much exercise they did or their total sitting time, those who took more breaks from sitting had lower risk of thick waists and lower levels of blood lipids (脂质).
“Higher levels of blood lipids have been linked to a heightened risk of heart disease,” principal researcher Genevieve Healy of the University of Queensland said. “What the study shows is that there are benefits in just getting up regularly and interrupting your sitting time.”
Researchers behind the Stand Up Australia project have written to the Rudd Government requesting $3.5 million for a two-year study into how long sitting affects health and productivity of workers. The study would also develop and test strategies for reducing sitting time on the job.
The latest study builds on work that is shifting the health promotion focus from purposeful exercise, such as running, to lower intensity activities throughout the day.
The Australian research has been backed up by US studies.
“To hold a body that weighs 77 kilograms upright takes a fair amount of energy from muscles,” said Professor Marc Hamilton from the University of Missouri. “There is a large amount of energy associated with standing every day that cannot be easily replaced by 30 to 60 minutes in the gym.”
56.The study shows that .
A. exercising for 30 minutes in the gym is good after sitting too long
B. walking is the best physical activity after sitting too long
C. sitting too long in the office causes the waist to expand
D. having breaks from sitting is good for your health
57.What’s the aim of the Stand Up Australia project?
A. To develop and test strategies for reducing working time.
B. To study the reasons for the longer sitting time in the office.
C. To develop and test strategies for reducing sitting time at work.
D. To study the factors influencing productivity of workers.
58.The purpose of the last paragraph is to .
A. provide a scientific basis for the benefits of standing up
B. compare the effect of standing with exercising in the gym
C. report the new research findings of Professor Marc Hamilton
D. figure out the amount of energy associated with daily standing
59.The health promotion focus used to be on .
A. purposeful exercise B. running
C. lower intensity activities D. long sitting
60.What’s the best title for the text?
A. Exercise in the Gym Is Out B. Your Office Chair Is Killing You
C. A Cause of Heart Disease D. Good News for Workers
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题，每题2分，满分40分）
Sitting too much is now listed with smoking and junk food as a bad habit that increases your risk of heart disease.
New Australian research shows that half-an-hour in the gym will not make up for the waist-expanding damage caused by spending the rest of the day sitting.
But the good news is that doing chores (家务杂事) in the house or gently walking around the office while on the phone might be enough to keep you fit.
The study joins the growing body of evidence suggesting too much sitting might undo the benefits of exercise.
The study measured the intensity (强度) of physical activities in 168 subjects over seven days. It found that, regardless of how much exercise they did or their total sitting time, those who took more breaks from sitting had lower risk of thick waists and lower levels of blood lipids (脂质).
“Higher levels of blood lipids have been linked to a heightened risk of heart disease,” principal researcher Genevieve Healy of the University of Queensland said. “What the study shows is that there are benefits in just getting up regularly and interrupting your sitting time.”
Researchers behind the Stand Up Australia project have written to the Rudd Government requesting $3.5 million for a two-year study into how long sitting affects health and productivity of workers. The study would also develop and test strategies for reducing sitting time on the job.
The latest study builds on work that is shifting the health promotion focus from purposeful exercise, such as running, to lower intensity activities throughout the day.
The Australian research has been backed up by US studies.
“To hold a body that weighs 77 kilograms upright takes a fair amount of energy from muscles,” said Professor Marc Hamilton from the University of Missouri. “There is a large amount of energy associated with standing every day that cannot be easily replaced by 30 to 60 minutes in the gym.”
56.The study shows that .
A. exercising for 30 minutes in the gym is good after sitting too long
B. walking is the best physical activity after sitting too long
C. sitting too long in the office causes the waist to expand
D. having breaks from sitting is good for your health
57.What’s the aim of the Stand Up Australia project?
A. To develop and test strategies for reducing working time.
B. To study the reasons for the longer sitting time in the office.
C. To develop and test strategies for reducing sitting time at work.
D. To study the factors influencing productivity of workers.
58.The purpose of the last paragraph is to .
A. provide a scientific basis for the benefits of standing up
B. compare the effect of standing with exercising in the gym
C. report the new research findings of Professor Marc Hamilton
D. figure out the amount of energy associated with daily standing
59.The health promotion focus used to be on .
A. purposeful exercise B. running
C. lower intensity activities D. long sitting
60.What’s the best title for the text?
A. Exercise in the Gym Is Out B. Your Office Chair Is Killing You
C. A Cause of Heart Disease D. Good News for Workers
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Thousands of people in the world are a hundred years old－or more and certain parts of the world are famous for the long lives of their inhabitants: the Vilacamba Valley in Ecuador, and the home of the Hunzas in the Himalayas．
Why do so many people live to a healthy old age in certain parts of the world? What is the secret of their long lives? Three things seem to be very important: fresh air, fresh food and a simple way of life．People work near their homes in the clean,
mountain air instead of travelling long distances to work by bus, car or train．They do not sit all day in busy offices or factories, but work hard outdoors in the fields．They take more exercise and eat less food than people in the cities of the West．For years the Hunzas of the Himalayas did not need policemen, lawyers or doctors．There was no crime, no divorce and not much illness in their society． They were a happy, peaceful people, famous all over India for their long, healthy lives．
Do you want to live to a hundred years old? Here are some rules for success．Firstly, choose your parents and grandparents carefully．If they lived or live to a good old age, so will you．Secondly, live in the right place．Thirdly, choose the right
kind of job．Doctors, dentists and bus-drivers die young．Farmers, priests and orchestral conductors live much longer．If you are in the wrong kind of job, you can still improve your way of life．
An old man in the Caucasus was talking about his past life．"I was young then," he said, as he described his 87th year．His secret was: "Think young and stay young．" An old woman from Missouri, USA, gave this advice, "Drink a little whisky and some warm beer every day．" An English lady just said, "Take a cold bath every morning．" The shortest, simplest piece of advice came from Mr．Jim Chapman, aged 103．"Just keep breathing," he told reporters．
67．Who is most likely to live a long life?
A．A doctor． B．A bus-driver．
C．A dentist． D．An orchestral conductor．
68．We can see from the passage that long-lived people avoid ____．
A．working hard B．drinking
C．eating too much D．taking cold baths
69．The passage indicates that we can change our _____to live a long life．
A．jobs B．places of living
C．ways of living D．ways of thinking
70．What is mainly talked about in the last paragraph?
A．Whose advice is the best．
B．Who is the most long-lived person in the world．
C．Lifestyles of long-lived people．
D．How long-lived people think of' their life．
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