Today’s drivers may feel shocked by the high price of petrol when they drive to the gas station. However, the car industry has the technology to solve the problem. It’s the hybrid car（混合动力汽车）.
What is a hybrid car? Any car that uses two or more sources of power is a hybrid car. Most hybrid cars on the road right now are petrol-electric hybrids. The petrol-electric hybrid car is just what it sounds like — a cross between a petrol-powered car and an electric car.
A gas-powered car has a fuel tank（油箱）, which supplies petrol to the engine. An electric car, on the other hand, has a set of batteries that provides electricity for the car.
To be useful to you or me, a car should be able to run at least 300 miles (483 km) before refueling, be capable of(能够) being refueled quickly and easily and fast enough to keep up with the other traffic on the road.
A petrol car meets these requirements（要求）but produces a large amount of pollution. An electric car, however, produces almost no pollution, but can only go 50 to 100 miles (80 to 161 km) between recharging(充电). And the problem has been that the electric car is very slow and inconvenient to recharge.
A petrol-electric car combines the advantages of the two power sources into one system that uses both gas power and electric power. Some experts believe that the hybrid car is “the next generation of smart cars”. A hybrid car can go up to 50% further than a traditional car can on the same amount of gas! It saves driver’s money on gas and cuts air pollution!
【小题1】What do the underlined words “the problem” in Paragraph 1 refer to?
| A．The price of petrol goes up and down. | B．The gas-powered car is sold at a high price. |
| C．The gas-powered car causes air pollution. | D．The price of petrol keeps going up. |
| A．Two. | B．Three. | C．Four. | D．It depends. |
| A．are smart vehicles | B．are popular vehicle | C．are not practical | D．are not slow |
| A．it is just powered by renewable energy | B．it saves money and is eco-friendly |
| C．it goes further than a traditional car | D．it is safe, cheap and produces no air pollution |
科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Demands for stronger protection for wildlife in Britain sometimes hide the fact that similar needs are felt in the rest of Europe. Studies by the Council of Europe, of which 21 countries are members, have shown that 45 per cent of reptile (爬行动物) species and 24 per cent of butterflies are in danger or dying out.
European concern for wildlife was outlined by Dr Peter Baum, an expert in the environment and natural resources division of the council, when he spoke at a conference arranged by the administrators of a British national park. The park is one of the few areas in Europe to hold the council’s diploma for nature reserves of the highest quality, and Dr Baum had come to present it to the park once again. He was afraid that public opinion was turning against national parks, and that those set up in the 1960s and 1970s could not be set up today. But Dr Baum clearly remained a strong supporter of the view that natural environments needed to be allowed to survive in peace in their own right.
“No area could be expected to survive both as a true nature reserve and as a tourist attraction,” he went on. The shortsighted view that reserves had to serve immediate human demands for outdoor recreation should be replaced by full acceptance of their importance as places to preserve nature for the future.
“We forget that they are the guarantee (保证) of life systems, on which any built-up area depends,” Dr Baum went on. “We could manage without most industrial products, but we could not manage without nature. However, our natural environment areas, which are the original parts of our countryside, have become mere islands in a spoiled and highly polluted land.”
59. Recent studies by the Council of Europe have declared that ____ .
A. wildlife needs more protection only in Britain
B. all species of wildlife in Europe are in danger of dying out
C. there are fewer species of reptiles and butterflies in Europe than elsewhere
D. many species of reptiles and butterflies in Europe need protecting
60. Why did Dr Baum come to a British national park?
A. Because he needed to present it with a council's diploma.
B. Because he was concerned about its management.
C. Because it was the only national park of its kind in Europe.
D. Because it was the only park that had ever received a diploma from the council.
61. The last sentence in the second paragraph implies that ____ .
A. people should make every effort to create more environment areas
B. people would go on protecting national parks
C. certain areas of the countryside should be left intact (完整的)
D. people would defend the right to develop the areas around national parks
62.Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. We have developed industry at the expense of countryside.
B. We have forgotten what our original countryside looked like.
C. People living on islands should protect natural resources for their survival.
D. We should destroy all the built-up areas.
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科目：高中英语 来源：湖北省黄冈中学2010届高三11月月考英语试题 题型：完型填空
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的第四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
One student took a box of chicken to class，another carried on a cell phone 31 and still another whistled loudly every time the 32 turned his back.
Reform school? No. College.
More and more, professors say, they are coming across 33 students in their classrooms. Many of today’s young scholars (学者) arrive late, leave 34 , talk loud or take care of personal 35 such as paying bills during class.
Why are the students behaving badly?
“Because they can,” said a student of University of North Texas. “A lot of the time, the professors let them get 36 with it.”
Some educators say it is time to bring politeness back to their classrooms—and even 37
taking some of the blame for bad behavior. They say that rude students are by no means the majority but that one of them can ruin an entire 38 .
People are 39 when they learn that impolite behavior is becoming more and more common in 40 education, says Dr Gerald Amanda, a counselor at City College of San Francisco. They 41 some high school students to misbehave but think those who get to 42 will behave more politely.
Dr Amanda believes that society in 43 has become more tolerant (容忍的) of rude behavior and 44 people in power, including professors, no longer 45 standards for 46 . That leads to a growing imprudence (轻率行为) 47 some college students. “There’s a great 48 of bad behavior in the world around them, and young people see it and 49 disrespect,” said Dr Amanda, 50 that sometimes students “have no idea that they are being rude.”
31．A. line B. conversation C. message D. picture
32．A. professor B. student C. president D. classmate
33．A. hardworking B. cheating C. rude D. selfish
34．A. late B. early C. noisily D. quietly
35．A. feeling B. interest C. computer D. business
36．A. away B. down C. along D. back
37．A. enjoy B. hate C. start D. avoid
38．A. school B. company C. society D. class
39．A. delighted B. surprised C. interested D. encouraged
40．A. better B. more C. higher D. younger
41．A. expect B. hope C. forbid D. wish
42．A. work B. college C. 1earning D. knowledge
43．A. all B. time C. charge D. general
44．A. why B. how C. whether D. that
45．A. change B. break C. set D. reach
46．A. teaching B. politeness C. thinking D. progress
47．A. about B. for C. behind D. among
48．A. deal B. number C. many D. sum
49．A. prepare B. grow C. develop D. improve
50．A. speaking B. adding C. warning D. wishing
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科目：高中英语 来源：2010届江西省重点中学高三下学期模拟考试（一） 题型：阅读理解
Girls really do prefer pink and boys prefer blue, recent research shows.
The reasons could have its origins in the hunt for food on the African savannah(稀树草原) thousands of years ago. Evolution may have developed women’s preference for pink, perhaps because it helped them to find ripe fruit and healthy men with reddish faces, while both men and women have a natural desire for blue, according to scientists at Newcastle University.
“Everyone in today’s western culture, from parents to toy manufactures, seems to assume that little girls like pink.” Said Prof. Anya Hulbert, who wanted to find out whether the reason was cultural or to do with biology.
A love of salmon, fuchsia and coral does seem to be rooted into females, rather than picked up from their mothers.
The participants in the study were Chinese and British. The Chinese students showed a marked preference for red. “Culture may contribute to this natural female preference.” Said Pro. Hulbert.
In her experiments, 208 young adult men and women were asked to select, as rapidly as possible, their preferred color. Hulbert and her colleague Dr. Yazhu Ling marked the results and found that while men preferred blue, women tended to choose pink.
Hulbert said she could only infer about the preference for blue: “Here again, I would favor evolutionary arguments. Going back to our savannah’s days, we would have a natural preference for a clear blue sky, because it signaled good weather. Clear blue also signals a good water source.”
60.The passage mentions “the African savannah” to show that____.
A.the ancient Africa was a beautiful place.
B.human beings lived in African at first.
C.women and men have different color preferences.
D.Color preference has its historical origins.
61.It can be inferred that the underlined word “fuchsia”_____.
A.is probably a kind of toy
B.is probably pink in color
C.can be only found in Africa
D.hardly causes men’s interest
62.By saying “The Chinese students… for red.” in paragraph 5, the writer means______.
A.red is the Chinese student’s favorite color
B.the Chinese prefer red more than the British
C.culture influences people’s color preferences
D.the study was carried out by two nations
63.What can we know from the last paragraph?
A.Hulbert thinks evolution explains why people prefer blue
B.Hulbert has a strong desire for “savannah” days
C.Blue is a natural signal of many good things
D.While boys like blue, girls like pink.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2012-2013学年江苏省扬州市高三下学期5月考前适应性考试英语卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Researchers at Sweden’s KTH Royal Institute of Technology say they have found further proof that the wolf ancestors of today’s dogs can be from southern East Asia -- findings that are contrary to theories placing the birth place in the Middle East. Dr Peter Savolainen, KTH researcher in evolutionary genetics, says a new study released Nov. 23 confirms that an Asian region south of the Yangtze River was the principal and probably the only region where wolves were domesticated（驯化）by humans.
Research data show clearly that dogs are descended from wolves, but there’s never been scientific agreement on where in the world the domestication process began. “Our analysis of Y-chromosomal（染色体）DNA now confirms that wolves were first domesticated in Asia south of Yangtze River -- we call it the ASY region -- in southern China or Southeast Asia,” Savolainen says.
The Y data supports previous evidence from mitochondrial（线粒体）DNA. “Taken together, the two studies provide very strong evidence that dogs appeared first in the ASY region,” Savolainen says.
Archaeological data and a genetic study recently published in Nature suggest that dogs originate from the Middle East. But Savolainen rejects that view. “Because none of these studies included samples from the ASY region, evidence from ASY has been overlooked,” he says.
Peter Savolainen and PhD student Mattias Oskarsson worked with Chinese colleagues to analyse DNA from male dogs around the world. Their study was published in the scientific journal Heredity.
Approximately half of the gene pool was universally shared everywhere in the world, while only the ASY region had the entire range of genetic diversity. “This shows that gene pools in all other regions of the world most probably originate from the ASY region,” Savolainen says.
“Our results confirm that Asia south of the Yangtze River was the most important -- and probably the only -- region for wolf domestication, and that a large number of wolves were domesticated,” says Savolainen.
In separate research published recently in Ecology and Evolution, Savolainen, PhD student Arman Ardalan and Iranian and Turkish scientists conducted a comprehensive study of mitochondrial DNA, with a particular focus on the Middle East. Because mitochondrial DNA is inherited only from the mother in most species, it is especially useful in studying evolutionary relationships.
“Since other studies have indicated that wolves were domesticated in the Middle East, we wanted to be sure nothing had been missed. We find no signs whatsoever that dogs originated there,” says Savolainen.
In their studies, the researchers also found minor genetic contributions from crossbreeding between dogs and wolves in other geographic regions, including the Middle East.
“This subsequent dog/wolf hybridisation（混合淡化技术）contributed only modestly to the dog gene pool,” Savolainen explains.
1.What does Dr. Peter Savolainen believe?
A. Dogs’ ancestors came from the Middle East.
B. Wolves were probably first trained to work for humans in the ASY region.
C. Analysis of Y-chromosomal DNA should be combined with mitochondrial DNA.
D. Samples of the previous studies are enough to support the conclusion.
2.We can learn from the passage that _______.
A．there is a universal agreement on the place of first domestication
B．data from ASY may highlight where dogs came from
C．Dr. Savolainen’s research mainly focuses on the Middle East
D．the dog/wolf hybridization makes up most of the dog gene pool
3.What is special about mitochondrial DNA?
A．It is only used in studying evolutionary relationships.
B．It alone can provide hard evidence for Savolainen’s research.
C．It is the most useful in finding out the birth place of dogs.
D．It comes from the mother of most animals and plants.
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科目：高中英语 来源：黑龙江省09-10学年高一下学期期中考试试卷（英语） 题型：完形填空
III. 完形填空 (共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)
One student took a box of chicken to class，another carried on a cell phone 36 and still another whistled loudly every time the 37 turned his back.
Reform school? No. College.
More and more, professors say, they are coming across 38 students in their classrooms. Many of today’s young scholars (学者) arrive late, leave 39 , talk loud or take care of personal 40 such as paying bills during class.
Why are the students behaving badly?
“Because they can,” said a student of University of North Texas. “A lot of the time, the professors let them get 41 with it.”
Some educators say it is time to bring politeness back to their classrooms—and even 42 taking some of the blame for bad behavior. They say that rude students are by no means the majority but that one of them can ruin an entire 43 .
People are 44 when they learn that impolite behavior is becoming more and more common in 45 education, says Dr Gerald Amanda, a counselor at City College of San Francisco. They 46 some high school students to misbehave but think those who get to 47 will behave more politely.
Dr Amanda believes that society in 48 has become more tolerant (容忍的) of rude behavior and 49 people in power, including professors, no longer 50 standards for 51 . That leads to a growing imprudence (轻率行为) 52 some college students. “There’s a great 53 of bad behavior in the world around them, and young people see it and 54 disrespect,” said Dr Amanda, 55 that sometimes students “have no idea that they are being rude.”
36．A. line B. conversation C. message D.picture
37．A. professor B. student C. president D. classmate
38．A. hardworking B. cheating C. rude D. selfish
39．A. late B. early C. noisily D. quietly
40．A. feeling B. interest C. computer D. business
41．A. away B. down C. along D. back
42．A. enjoy B. hate C. start D. avoid
43．A. school B. company C. society D. class
44．A. delighted B. surprised C.interested D.encouraged
45．A. better B. more C. higher D. younger
46．A. expect B. hope C. forbid D. wish
47．A. work B. college C. 1earning D. knowledge
48．A. all B. time C. charge D. general
49．A. why B. how C. whether D. that
50．A. change B. break C. set D. reach
51．A. teaching B. politeness C. thinking D. progress
52．A. about B. for C. behind D. among
53．A. deal B. number C. many D. sum
54．A. prepare B. grow C. develop D. improve
55．A. speaking B. adding C. warning D. wishing
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