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12.A new study,done by a private American organization called Population Action International,warns that about thirty percent of the world's people may not have enough water by the year 2025.It also says over 335million people in 28countries lack enough water now,most of which are in Africa or the Middle East.
PAI researcher Robert Engelman says by the year 2025,about 3,000million people may lack water.At least 18more countries are expected to have severe water problems.The demand for water keeps increasing.Yet the amount of water on Earth stays the same.
Mr.Engelman says the population in countries lacking water is growing faster than in other parts of the world.He says population growth in these countries will continue to increase.
The report says lack of water may result in several problems.It may increase health problems.Lack of water often means drinking water is not safe.Mr.Engelman says there are problems all over the world because of diseases,such as cholera,which are carried in water.Lack of water may also result in more international conflicts.Countries may have to compete for water in the future.Some countries now get 60% of their fresh water from other countries.This is true of Egypt,the Netherlands,Cambodia,Syria,Sudan,and Iraq.
The PAI study gives several solutions(解决办法)to the water problem.One way,it says,is to find ways to use water for more than one purpose.Another way is to teach people not to waste water.A third way is to use less water for agriculture.The report also says long-term solutions to the water problem must include controlling population growth.

59.According to the report,which is the reason for lack of water?C
A.International conflicts.
B.Serious water pollution.
C.Increasing demand for water.
D.Using water for more than one purpose.
60.Which of the following statements is true?B
A.The amount of water on earth is becoming less.
B.Lack of water may cause some health problems such as cholera.
C.28countries in Africa or the Middle East lack enough water now.
D.Egypt,China,and Iraq get 60% of the fresh water from other countries.
61.How many ways to solve the water problem are mentioned in the passage?C
A.1.   B.2.    C.4.      D.5.
62.We can know from the study done by PAI thatD.
A.the population will stop growing because of lack of water
B.about 3,000million people in the world lack water at present
C.lack of water may occur in fewer countries in Africa by 2025
D.we need to control population growth to solve the water problems.

分析 本文属于科教类的短文阅读.文章主要讲了世界水资源的匮乏,分析了这种现象存在的原因以及解决此问题的一些办法.

解答 CBCD
59.C.细节理解题.根据第二段The demand for water keeps increasing.Yet the amount of water on Earth stays the same.可知,由于对水的需求量一直在增加,而地球上的出水量固定,所以导致了水资源的匮乏;故选C.
60.B.推理判断题.根据第二段Yet the amount of water on Earth stays the same.可知,地球水资源的数量保持不变,A项错误;根据第三段中The report says lack of water may result in several problems.It may increase health problems.可知,B项表述正确;根据第一段中It also says over 335million people in 28countries lack enough water now,most of which are in Africa or the Middle East.可知,现在28个国家中的3.35亿人严重缺水,大部分位于非洲和中东国家,C项的描述不准确,可排除;由倒数第二段中Some countries now get 60% of their fresh water from other countries.This is true of Egypt,the Netherlands,Cambodia,Syria,Sudan,and Iraq.可知,从其他国家获得60%淡水的国家不包括中国,D表述错误,也可排除;故选B.
61.C.细节理解题.根据最后一段A third way is to use less water for agriculture.The report also says long-term solutions to the water problem must include controlling population growth.可知,解决办法总共列举了四种;故选C.
62.D.推理判断题.文章最后一句The report also says long-term solutions to the water problem must include controlling population growth.说明解决用水匮乏的长远办法还是控制人口的增长;故选D.

点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力,做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确的选择.在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断

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