Question

【题目】根据短文理解，选择正确答案。
Dreams can be familiar and strange, fantastical or boring, but some dreams might be connected to the mental processes that help us learn. No one knows for certain why people dream, but some dreams might be connected to the mental processes that help us learn. In a recent study, scientists found a connection between nap-time dreams and better memory in people who were learning a new skill.
In the study, 99 college students between the ages of 18 and 30 each spent an hour on a computer, trying to get through a virtual maze(迷宫). The maze was difficult, and the study participants had to start in a different place each time they tried — making it even more difficult. They were also told to find a particular picture of a tree and remember where it was.
For the first 90 minutes of a five-hour break, half of the participants stayed awake and half were told to take a short nap. Participants who stayed awake were asked to describe their thoughts. Participants who took a nap were asked about their dream after sleep — and they were awakened within a minute of sleep to describe their dreams.
Stickgold, a neuroscientist (神经科学家), to know what people were dreaming about when their eyes weren't moving, during sleep.
Four of the 50 people who slept said their dreams were connected to the maze. Some dreamed about the music that had been playing when they were working; others said they dreamed about seeing people in the maze. When these four people tried the computer maze again, they were able to find the tree faster than before their naps.
Stickgold suggests the dream itself doesn't help a person learn — it's the other way around. He suspects that the dream was caused by the brain processes associated with learning.
All four of the people who dreamed about the task had done poorly the first time, which makes Stickgold wonder if the dreams show up when a person finds a new task particularly difficult. People who had other dreams, or people who didn't take a nap, didn't show the same improvement.
（1）Before having a short nap, participants of the experiment were asked to ________.
A.stay in different place in the maze
B.design a virtual maze which is difficult to get through
C.experience the experiment and try to remember something
D.get through a virtual maze on a computer from the same place
（2）After doing what they were asked on computers, participants ________.
A.were divided into two groups to do different things at break
B.were so tired as to fall asleep
C.felt bored with the experiment and they were sleepy
D.were asked to remember their experiment separately
（3）What can we learn from the passage?
A.Participants who took a nap were required to express their thought.
B.Some dreams may encourage people to invent something new.
C.Participants who dreamed about films could finish the task more easily.
D.Participants whose dreams had something to do with the maze could find the tree faster.
（4）According to Stickgold, ________.
A.every person may dream about what they learned
B.people's brain processes may still be connected with their learning in their dreams
C.once people's eyes stop moving, they are sure to dream about something
D.no matter how fantastical or boring, dreams are connected with people's life

Answer 1

【答案】
（1）C
（2）A
（3）D
（4）B
【解析】本文通过对梦的研究，分析了做梦和学习的关系，结果说明学习成果与人们做梦的内容有关，做梦可以提高记忆力。

⑴细节推理。根据第二段的句子In the study, 99 college students between the ages of 18 and 30 each spent an hour on a computer, trying to get through a virtual maze（迷宫）和They were also told to find a particular picture of a tree and remember where it was.可知，在这项研究中，99名18到30岁之间的大学生要花一个小时在电脑上，试图通过一个虚拟的迷宫，同时他们也被告知要找到一个特定的图片的树，并记住它在哪里。所以答案是C。

⑵细节推理。根据第三段half of the participants stayed awake and half were told to take a short nap. Participants who stayed awake were asked to describe their thoughts. Participants who took a nap were asked about their dream after sleep — and they were awakened within a minute of sleep to describe their dreams.可知，做完电脑实验之后，参与者被分成两组做不同的测试，所以答案是A。

⑶推理判断。根据第五段的句子When these four people tried the computer maze again, they were able to find the tree faster than before their naps.可知，梦和迷宫有关的人会更快找到树，所以答案是D。

⑷细节推理。根据Stickgold,定位到第六段的句子：He suspects that the dream was caused by the brain processes associated with learning.可以知道，人们的大脑过程还和梦里面的学习有关。所以答案是B。