14.Wouldn't it be great if you could just look up at the sky and read the weather forecast right away?Well,you can.The forecast is written in clouds.If you can read that writing,you can tell something about the atmosphere.With some practice,you can become a pretty good weather forecaster.Who knows,you might even do as well as meteorologists(气象学家).
Meteorologists use much more information than just the appearance of the clouds to make their forecast.They collect data(数据)from all over the world.Then they put it into powerful,high speed computers.This does give the meteorologists an advantage,because they can track(追踪)weather patterns as they move from west to east across the country.But you have an advantage,too.You can look at the sky and get your data directly.A meteorologist uses a computer forecast that's several hours old to make a local forecast.
What are you seeing when you look at a cloud?"A picture of moisture(水汽)is doing in the atmosphere,"says meteorologist Peter Leavitt.There's moisture throughout the atmosphere.Most of the time you don't see it,because it's in the form of an unseeable gas called water vapor.Sometimes,the temperature of the air gets cold enough to cause the waster vapor to change to liquid water.It's called condensation(凝结),and we see it happen all the time (for example,when humid air from the shower hits the cold glasses of a mirror).When enough water vapor condenses(冷凝),droplets(小滴)come in the air.These droplets scatter(分散) light.A cloud is seen.
Watching clouds over a day or two tells you a lot more than a single cloud about the weather to come.Changes in clouds show changes in the atmosphere.You should begin to notice patterns.Certain clouds,following each other in order,can signal an approaching storm.But don't take our word for it; see for yourself.
32.According to the passage,an ordinary person might read the weather forecast as well as meteorologistsA.
A.with some simple practice looking up at the sky
B.with the help of the high-speed computers
C.through complex (复杂的) instruments
D.by visiting a weather station
33.Meteorologists can make their weather forecastC.
A.by using information of the appearance of the clouds only
B.by collecting data from parts of the world
C.by collecting and analyzing(分析)the data
D.by watching the sky
34.According to the passage,your advantage in weather forecast is thatB.
A.you have a high-speed computer
B.you observe the sky and get your data directly
C.you have more instruments at home
D.you can track weather patterns as they move from west to east across the country
35.This passage mainly tells us about how toC.
A.train ourselves as meteorologists
B.be an assistant to a meteorologist
C.forecast the weather by ourselves
D.broadcast the weather forecast.
分析 本文为科教类说明文,说明普通人通过观察云能够预测天气;气象学家通过收集和分析数据预测天气,我们可以抬头看天上的云直接预测天气;大气中的水汽凝结,形成小水滴.这些水滴能散射光,就形成了我们看到的云. 观察云层在一、两天内的变化,比单看一块云朵能告诉我们更多关于未来天气的信息.云层的变化显示出大气层的变化.我们应该从留意云的变化的模式开始.有时,云彩按一定顺序变化,能暗示一场即将到来的暴风雨.
解答 32.答案是A.细节题.根据关键词as well as meteorologist定位第一段"With some practice,you can become a pretty good weather forecaster.通过一些实践练习,你可以成为非常不错的天气预测员";因此普通人要做到看云识天气,靠的主要是多观察天空的经验.故选A.
33.答案是C.细节题.根据关键词make their weather forecast定位本文第二段.根据第一句"Meteorologists use much more information than just the appearance of the clouds to make their forecast.气象学家借助于更多的信息而不只是云层的状况来做天气预报",排除A;根据第二句"They collect data(数据)from all over the world.他们在全球范围内收集数据",排除B;文章没有提及气象学家观察天空,排除D.从此段最后一句"A meteorologist uses a computer forecast that's several hours old to make a local forecast.气象学家利用几个小时前整理好的电脑预报数据来做出局部地区的天气预报"可以看出是要对数据进行分析,由此得出选项by collecting and analyzing this data,所以C项是正确的
34.答案是B.细节题.根据题干关键词your advantage可定位第二段"You can look at the sky and get your data directly.你观察天空然后直接得出数据";只有选项B符合原文,其他三个选项都是气象学家的优势.
35.答案是C.主旨题.本文的开头通过反问句告诉了我们可以抬头看天空中的云预测天气.下文第二段和第三段分析我们观察天空预测天气的优势和依据;全文最后一句又再次重申了作者的主要观点.
点评 阅读要整体理解文章,在做细节题时根据题干定位细节,在语境中正确理解原句,然后对照选项做出合理的判断;必要的时候要进行推理,透过句子表面看作者的真正意图.如果是主旨大意的判断要把握文章整体,避免以偏概全.