Question

7．In 1958，Jean Berko Gleason，an American psycholinguist，created an experiment called the Wug Test．It investigated how children learn to make plural forms of nouns in English like cats，dogs，and horses．The children were shown imaginary words in the singular and asked to change the word into their plural forms．There are three ways of pronouncing the"s"that comes after plural nouns in English； it can be pronounced like/z/，/s/，or/iz/．The most common sound is the/z/sound like in dogs，then the/s/sound like in cats，then the/iz/sound like horses．
In the experiment，the child was presented with a picture of some kind of pretendcreature．He or she was told that the creature was a"wug"．The experimenter said，"This is a wug．"Another card was pulled out with another wug，and the experimenter said，"Now there are two of them．These are two…？"Children who understood the proper use of plural form for nouns ending with a"g"would say，"They are two wugs，"with a/z/sound．Very young children were often confused by this and said"Two wug．"Generally，children who were 4 years or older got the question right．The researchers also carried out several other experiments to create plural forms ending with the/s/sound and with the/iz/sound and found that children usually learned these rules later in their lives because they are not as common as the/z/sound plurals．
The Wug Test also included questions that explored a child's understanding of the proper use of verbs and the suing of the possessive，such as"This is Rob's bike．"Possessives are parts of grammar that show ownership．Also，the children were prompted to use the"-er"suffix （后缀）of a noun to demonstrate a person's job，such as someone who drives is a"driver"．Again，the children were given a nonsense word，this time"zib"．The researcher asked the child，"A man who‘zibs'is a…？"Some young children replied"zibber"，but many young children replied"zibman"．
The Wug Test demonstrated that even very young children have established grammatical systems that allow them to make plurals，possessive，and other forms of words that they have never heard before．This test was the first of its kind to prove that children learn their language akills naturally without needing to be taught grammar rules．
32．The author introduces Jean Berko Gleason as a psycholinguist in order toBA．explain why she used imaginary words for the experiment
B．show that she was interested in how the mind learns language
C．suggest that she studied the language of the mentally ill
D．state that she illustrated the pictures used in the experiment
33．The underlined word"pretend"is closest in meaning toA
A．artificial         B．domestic            C．incorrect          D．living
34．According to the passage，which of the following statements is TRUE about the Wug Test？C
A．It was an experiment to show that children must be taught the rules of language
B．It investigated whether children could use English verbs to show ownership
C．It examined how children learned complex language rules （ like forming plurals ）
D．It proved that children acquire/z/-sound possessives before/s/-sound ones
35．The passage probably comes fromD．
A．a book review                           
B．an official documentary
C．a biography of Jean Berko Gleason           
D．a language learning journal．

Answer 1

分析 本文通过讲述心理语言学家Jean Berko Gleason做了一个关于语法规则的调查，告诉我们孩子们学习语法规则非常自然，而不是被教会的．

解答 BACD
32   B     细节题．根据文章第一 段It investigated how children learn to make plural forms of nouns in English 可知Jean Berko Gleason通过测验想了解孩子们如何学会语法规则的，故选B．
33    A     猜测词义题．  根据文章第二 段He or she was told that the creature was a"wug"． 可知孩子们并不知道这种动物，故选A人造的一种动物．
34    C    细节题．根据文章最后一段The Wug Test demonstrated that even very young children have established grammatical systems that allow them to make plurals，possessive，可知这个测验证明甚至小孩在大脑中已经建立了语法系统，故选C．
35    D    细节题．通读全文可知这是一篇关于孩子们如何学习语法规则的，故选D．

点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．