Question

【题目】 Cryonics is the practice of cooling dead organic tissue. This is used on humans or animals that have recently died. The hope is to bring them back to life in the near future. By law, it can only be performed on humans after they are legally dead. Many scientists and doctors think cryonics is totally morally unacceptable. However, there are also many who support cryonics.

Supporters of cryonics hope that future technology will improve. Molecular technology is especially hoped to reverse (逆转) the early stages of clinical death. It is hoped that this will enable the repair of tissue on a very tiny level. It could also allow damaged tissues and organs to regenerate. They also assume that disease and aging will one day be reversible.

These supporters want to store the memory and identity from the brain of people who have recently died. Cryonics attempts to do this by using liquid that preserves the brain. If this is done before cooling, it will prevent injury. This cooling liquid saves the fine cell structures of the brain where memory and identity exist.

Critics of cryonics think this process is a waste of time and money. They base their opinions on the current level of science. It is true that cells, tissues, blood vessels, and some small animal organs can be reversibly preserved. Some frogs can even survive for a few months in a partially frozen state if they are kept a few degrees above freezing. But this is not true cryopreservation. There is no proof that the identity and memory of a person can be restored after death has occurred.

Critics also think that if it were possible to bring dead people back to life, it would cause many social problems. Critics worry it would cause a huge overpopulation problem. Many also think trying to reverse death is immoral because it is against the will of their God.

【1】What can we know about cryonics from paragraph 1?

A.Cryonics is used before people's death.

B.All scientists aren't in favor of the use of cryonics.

C.Laws forbid the use of cryonics on legally dead people.

D.Cryonics tries to cool dead organic tissue by using liquid.

【2】What does the underlined word 'regenerate' in paragraph 2 mean?

A.copy.B.return.

C.freeze.D.regrow.

【3】Why do critics oppose the use of cryonics?

A.It will make people's memory lost.

B.Injury will occur during the process.

C.There is scientific uncertainty about it.

D.It goes along with their religious belief.

【4】What is the main idea of the text?

A.The use of cryonics has a bright future.

B.Cryonics is still a controversial practice.

C.The practice of cryonics is limited by law.

D.There is an advance in medical technology.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】D

【3】C

【4】B

【解析】

这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了人体冷冻技术的支持这和批判者对该技术的看法。

【1】

细节理解题。根据第一段的Many scientists and doctors think cryonics is totally morally unacceptable. However, there are also many who support cryonics.(很多科学家和医生认为人体冷冻在道德上完全不可接受。然而也有许多人支持冷冻)可知，并非所有的科学家和医生都赞成人体冷冻。B. All scientists aren’t in favor of the use of cryonics.(并非所有的科学家都赞成人体冷冻)符合以上说法，故选B项。

【2】

词义猜测题。根据第二段的It is hoped that this will enable the repair of tissue on a very tiny level. It could also allow damaged tissues and organs to regenerate. They also assume that disease and aging will one day be reversible.可知，人们希望它可以在以一个非常小的水平上修复组织。它也可以让受损的组织和器官regenerate。他们还假设疾病和衰老在将来的某天可逆。根据句子结构可知，划线部分的意思在词义和感情色彩上应和repair, reversible保持一致，再结合句意推测其为“再生”。D. regrow.(再生)符合以上说法，故选D项。

【3】

细节理解题。根据最后一段的They base their opinions on the current level of science. It is true that cells, tissues, blood vessels, and some small animal organs can be reversibly preserved. Some frogs can even survive for a few months in a partially frozen state if they are kept a few degrees above freezing. But this is not true cryopreservation. There is no proof that the identity and memory of a person can be restored after death has occurred. (批判者把他们的观点建立当前的科学水平上。的确，细胞、组织、血管和一些小动物的器官可以被可逆地保存下来。一些青蛙甚至可以在半冷冻状态活上几个月。但这不是真正的冷冻，没有证据表明一个人的身份和记忆可以在死后恢复)可知，批判者反对人体冷冻的主要原因是在科学上还没有证据证明人体冷冻后可以继续存活，也没有证据证明他们的身份和记忆可以恢复。C. There is scientific uncertainty about it.(科学上存在不确定性)符合以上说法，故选C项。

【4】

主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是第二段的Supporters of cryonics hope that future technology will improve. Molecular technology is especially hoped to reverse (逆转) the early stages of clinical death. (人体冷冻的支持者希望将来的科技将会改善。分子技术尤其希望逆转早期临床死亡)和第四段的Critics of cryonics think this process is a waste of time and money.(人体冷冻批判者认为这个过程只是时间和金钱的浪费)可知，对于人体冷冻这个做法有人支持，有人反对，即它目前还是一个有争议的做法B. Cryonics is still a controversial practice.(人体冷冻仍然是一个争议的做法)符合以上说法，故选B项。