A British scientist whose schoolmasters told him he was too stupid to study science has been awarded the Nobel Prize in medicine for his pioneering work on cloning.
At the age of 15, John Gurdon ranked last out of the 250 boys in his school at biology, and was in the bottom set in every other science subject. Sixty-four years later he has been recognized as one of the finest minds of his generation after being awarded the ￡750,000 prizes, which he shares with Japanese stem cell (干细胞)researcher Shinya Yamanaka.
John revealed that his school report, which noted that for him to study science at University would be a waste of time, still sits on his desk at the Gurdon Institute in Cambridge. After receiving the report he switched his attention to classics and was offered a place to study at Christ Church, Oxford, but was allowed to switch courses and read zoology instead.
It was at Oxford as a postgraduate student that he published his research on genetics and proved for the first time that every cell in the body contains the same genes. He did so by taking a cell from an adult frog’s intestine (肠), removing its genes and putting them into an egg cell, which grew into a clone of the adult frog.
The idea was controversial at the time because it contradicted previous studies, and it was a decade before his work became widely accepted. But it later led directly to the cloning of Dolly the Sheep by Prof Ian Wilmut in 1996.
He received a call from the Swedish Academy telling him he had won the prize, but he was initially suspicious that the call was a trick by a friend or colleague speaking in a Swedish accent.
56. When John Gurdon was fifteen, he________.
A. performed badly in science subjects.
B. ranked last in every subject in his school
C. showed great interest in working on cloning
D. was not clever enough to go on with his study
57. According to the passage, the school report________.
A. meant nothing to John Gurdon
B. had a long-term effect on John Gurdon
C. encouraged John Gurdon to work harder on science
D. advised John Gurdon to study classics at Christ Church
58. How did John Gurdon prove that his idea is right?
A. By reasoning. B. By questioning.
C. By doing experiments D. By quoting(引用) others’ research
59. When John Gurdon was informed of his winning the Nobel Prize, he felt________.
A. excited B. calm C. relaxed D. doubtful
科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：
______ to somebody, a British person often shakes hands with the stranger.
A. Introducing B. To introduce C. To be introduced D. On being introduced
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科目：高中英语 来源：2013届广东省广宁县广宁中学高三2月月考英语试卷（带解析） 题型：阅读理解
Sunny countries are often poor. A shame, then, that solar power is still quite expensive. Eight19, a British company by Cambridge University, has, however, invented a novel way to get round this. In return for a deposit of around $10 it is supplying poor Kenyan families with a solar cell able to generate 2.5 watts of electricity, a battery that can deliver a three amp（安培） current to store this electricity, and a lamp whose bulb is a light-emitting diode（二极管）. The firm thinks that this system, once the battery is fully charged, is enough to light two small rooms and to power a mobile-phone charger for seven hours. Then, next day, it can be put outside and charged back up again.
The trick is that, to be able to use the electricity, the system's keeper must buy a scratch card—for as little as a dollar—on which is printed a reference number. The keeper sends this reference, plus the serial number of the household solar unit, by SMS to Eight19. The company's server will respond automatically with an access code to the unit.
Users may consider that they are paying an hourly rate for their electricity. In fact, they are paying off the cost of the unit. After buying around $80 worth of scratch cards—which Eight19 expects would take the average family around 18 months—the user will own it. He will then have the option of continuing to use it for nothing, or of trading it in for a bigger one, perhaps driven by a 10-watt solar cell.
In that case, he would go then through the same process again, paying off the additional cost of the upgraded kit at a slightly higher rate. Users would therefore increase their electricity supply steadily and affordably.
According to Eight19's figures, this looks like a good deal for customers. The firm believes the average energy-starved Kenyan spends around $10 a month on oil—enough to fuel a couple of smoky lamps—plus $2 on charging his mobile phone in the market-place. Regular users of one of Eight19's basic solar units will spend around half that, before owning it completely. Meanwhile, as the cost of solar technology falls, it should get even cheaper.
【小题1】The underlined word “get round” in the first paragraph can be replaced by _______ .
| A．make use of | B．come up with | C．look into | D．deal with |
| A．Buy a scratch card. | B．Recharge it outside. |
| C．Buy another solar cell. | D．Return it to the company. |
| A．Around $10. | B．Around $80. | C．Around $90. | D．Around $180. |
| A．Kenyan families would find it difficult to afford the solar cell |
| B．using the solar cell would help Kenyan families save money |
| C．few Kenyan families use mobile phones for lack of electricity |
| D．the company will make a great profit from selling solar cells |
| A．Solar Energy: Starting from Scratch. |
| B．Eight19: a creative British Company. |
| C．Kenyan Families: Using Solar Energy for Free. |
| D．Poor Countries: Beginning to Use Solar Energy. |
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科目：高中英语 来源：2016届浙江省高一上学期期中考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
For the British, the home is a private place in which he or she goes to hide away from the troubles of life. It is very seldom that one would be invited to a British person’s home. It is rude to knock on a person’s door if you are not invited. If you are invited, don’t ask to see more than the downstairs that your British host invites you into. Never ask how much the house or any of the items in it cost.
To the American, most of them want their home to be a place where they can entertain (款待) and share their lives with their friends. They may be delighted to give you a full tour of their houses. They may also be pleased when you show your interest and pleasure in their houses.
Both British and American people will engage in quite a bit of chat and a drink or two before the meal is served. After the first mouthful, you should say how delicious the food is and ask something about it. Remember, never eat with your mouth open and make very little noise while eating. It would be nice of you to help your host in any way. Maybe offer to pour some drinks or clear up after the meal.
1.British people _______ invite friends to their home.
A. often B. always C. seldom D. never
2.If your British friend invites you to his home, you can ____.
A. see anything you like
B. ask how much his house is
C. ask the cost of any of the items in it
D. only see the downstairs that you are invited into
3.When you show your interest and pleasure in American people’s house, they may be _____.
A. angry B. happy C. sad D. worried
4.What does the underlined “engage in” mean in Chinese?
A. 陷入 B. 参与 C. 回避 D. 限制
5.What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. Some manners on visiting British and American people’s home.
B. Different table manners between British and American people.
C. Different ideas about the home between British and American people
D. Different ideas about how to get along well with neighbors between British and American people.
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科目：高中英语 来源：陕西省2010届高三第七次模拟考试英语试题 题型：阅读理解
Since its invention 100 years ago, plastic , the superstar of the technological age, has become ugly and ungreen . But that’s about to change. An exhibition at London’s Science Museum this week could put it back on the cutting edge of science.
Have you ever hesitated in donating blood? The invention of “plastic blood” might make you feel better.
British scientists are working on the artificial blood as a replacement for real blood in emergency situations. It is made of plastic molecules(分子 ) and can join oxygen and transport it around the body. As a red, honey-like glue , plastic blood can be carried around conveniently . You just add water to make as much blood as you need.
The cells of our body are strict about what molecules the let in and out . For example , if we inject protein or DNA directly into the body, our immune ( 免疫 ) SYSTEM WILL DESTROY IT BEFORE IT REACHES THE CELLS.
To get around this , a British scientist has created drug-carrying plastic balls that fool the body into thinking they are natural. Once inside the cell, their contents are spread out through a small controlled explosion.
Skin transplants are widely done these days. But removing a piece of skin from, say , the bottom to plant it on the face can hurt and be troublesome.
The British company, Celltran, is working on plastic skin. Using plastic, they plan to take a small piece of the patient’s skin and grow it into an extra lay of skin on top of the plastic. a
The plastic feels similar to skin, so skin cells like to grow on it. The plastic then gradually disappears, without any reaction or infection .
1. What would be the best title for the text?
A. The superstar of technological age
B. An exhibition at London’s Science Museum
C. No more “white pollution”
D. Plastic takes on a new life
2. Which of the following will be on display at the exhibition at London’s Science Museum?
A. Plastic cells B. Plastic skin
C. Plastic molecules D. Plastic transplants
3. The phrase “get around “ in Paragraph 5 means closest to ______.
A. overcome B. end C. ensure D. pass
4.Which of the following is true according to the text?
A. Plastic blood will be injected into the body in drug-carrying plastic balls
B.The plastic skin will remain a part of the new skin
C. Plastic blood will take the place of real blood
D. Plastic blood contains a lot of water
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科目：高中英语 来源：江西省2009-2010学年高一下学期第二次月考英语试题 题型：阅读理解
Teenagers in England do many of the same things as children in America do . They enjoy sending messages on their mobile phones and they also like swimming , listening to the latest music , watching TV and surfing the Internet .
How do teenagers in England spend their free time and holidays ? Let’s follow Sally , a British teenager , and spend five days with her during her school holiday .
|
Day One |
After breakfast , Sally’s mother went out and left her alone at home . She checked her mobile phone during lunch—one of her friends sent her a message early in the morning . Dinner was ready at 6:30 p.m. After that , she finished her English homework . Then she surfed the Internet . |
|
Day Two |
Sally and her mother paid a visit to their friends and went swimming together . Later , they wnet shopping for clothes and books , and had dinner in a restaurant . |
|
Day Three |
She went to the supermarket with her mother to buy fish and chips for lunch as well as some pens . After she got back home , she spent the next few hours surfing the Internet and watching TV . |
|
Day Four |
She surfed the Internet . Her mother took her out for lunch before going to work . She then read storybooks after lunch . |
|
Day Five |
She woke up at 2 p. m. , and so did her mother . They went to a park . Her mother met some friends there . When they got home , it was already time for dinner . Aterwards , she did her homework until 10 p. m. |
1. When did Sally do her homework ?
A. In the morning . B. In the afternoon . C. At lunch time . D. In the evening .
2. Which of the following things did Sally do on Day Four ?
A. She went swimming . B. She went out for breakfast .
C. She read books . D. She went shopping .
3. How many times did Sally and her mother meet their friends during the five days ?
A. Once . B. Twice . C. Three times . D. Four times .
4. According to the passage , it can be inferred that__________.
A. a park is the best place to meet a friend
B. parents shouln’t leave teenagers alone at home
C. teenagers don’t usually do their homework during their school holidays
D. surfing the Internet has become an important part of teenagers’ lives
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