England was one of the first countries to set aside a day to recognize mothers．In the eighteenth century, many people worked as household servants for the , "Mothering Sunday" was _ for them to return home to be with their mothers．Though this stopped when the Industrial Revolution altered the working and living patterns of people, one for mothers was established as a holiday in the twentieth century．
In the United States, Mother's Day did not become a（n） holiday until 1915．Its establishment was due to the perseverance and love of one , Anna Jarvis．Anna's mother had provided strength and support as the family their home in West Virginia and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania her father served as a minister．
When Mrs Jarvis died on May 5, 1905, Anna was determined to her．She asked a minister at the church in West Virginia to give a sermon（布道） memory of her mother．
On the same Sunday in Philadelphia, ministers there honoured Mrs.Jarvis and all mothers with a (n) Mother's Day service．Anna Jarvis began writing to congressmen, asking them to a day to honour mothers. In 1910, the governor of West Virginia proclaimed(宣布) the second Sunday in May as Mother's Day and a year later every state it．
On Mother' s Day morning some American children the tradition of serving their mothers breakfast in bed．Other children will give their mothers which they have made themselves or bought in ．Adults give their mothers red carnations, the official Mother's Day flower．If their mothers , they may bring white carnations to their grave（坟墓）sites．This is the busiest day of the year for American ．On the special day, family members do not want Mom to cook dinner!
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【小题1】C
【小题2】A
【小题3】B
【小题4】B
【小题5】C
【小题6】D
【小题7】B
【小题8】C
【小题9】C
【小题10】A
【小题11】B
【小题12】C
【小题13】A
【小题14】D
【小题15】C
【小题16】A
【小题17】B
【小题18】C
【小题19】D
【小题20】A
解析试题分析：文章大意：在十八世纪，佣人们可以在某一个星期天回家陪伴母亲，这是早期母亲节的雏形。后来美国的安娜为现代母亲节的确立作出了突出的贡献。
【小题1】C连词辨析。A在……之前；B自从；C当……时候；D直到。根据语境可知，此处意为“当许多人做家庭佣人的时候”，故选when。
【小题2】A形容词辨析。这里考查的the + adj表示一类人。联系前面的servants可以推知，此处指富人 (the rich)。这里指为富人家做佣人。
【小题3】B 短语辨析。A保护；B保留；C改变；D劝服。Mothering Sunday是专门留作他们回家和母亲在一起的日子。
【小题4】B名词辨析。A形式；B风俗；C习惯；D计划。根据文章的语境可知，此处是指这一风俗 (custom)因为工业革命而中断了。
【小题5】C上下文连串。上下文中很多信息可以告诉我们，母亲节是在一个周日，故用Sunday。
【小题6】D 形容词辨析。A普通的；B通常的；C规律的；D正式的。本段介绍美国母亲节的由来。此处的意思是直到1915年母亲节才成为正式的 (official)节日。
【小题7】B副词辨析。A几乎；B很大程度上；C深深地；D高度地。根据下文可知，母亲节的设立很大程度上 (largely)应归功于安娜所做的工作。
【小题8】C。上下文连串。根据后面的Anna’s mother等可知，此处指一个“女儿（daughter）”的爱。
【小题9】C 动词辨析。make their home意为“安家”，为固定搭配。安娜的母亲提供精力，因为他们安家在西弗吉尼亚州。
【小题10】A。连词辨析。根据句子的结构可知，此处说明父亲工作的地点，故选where。他父亲在那里当部长。
【小题11】B 上下文连串。下文中的a day to honor mothers给出了提示。母亲去世后，安娜决定向她的母亲表示敬意 (honor)。
【小题12】C 介词辨析。in memory of sb. 意为“纪念某人”。安娜请牧师布道以表示她对母亲的纪念。
【小题13】A 形容词辨析。A特殊的；B贵的；C简单地；D容易的。这里指用一种“特殊的”母亲节的方式表示对她的敬意，故用special。
【小题14】D 短语辨析。set aside“留出”。第一段第一句中有提示。此处指安娜要求留出一天以表示对母亲们的敬意。
【小题15】C 动词辨析。A理解；B解释；C庆祝；D阻止。空后的it指母亲节，所以此处指一年以后每个州都“庆祝”母亲节。
【小题16】A 动词辨析。follow the tradition意为“按照传统”。此处说的是母亲节的传统庆祝方式：伺候他们的母亲在床上吃早餐。
【小题17】B 上下文连串。根据后面which引导的定语从句的内容可知，这里指送给母亲的“礼物”。其他孩子将给他们母亲礼物。
【小题18】C 名词辨析。A学校；B教堂；C商店；D医院。这些礼物是孩子们自己做的或是在“商店”里买的。
【小题19】D 短语辨析。此处白色的康乃馨和上文中红色的康乃馨相对应，再结合选项的意思可以推知，此处指若母亲去世 (pass away)。pass through“通过”，pass on“传递，继续”，pass by“（时间）逝去”，均不符合语义。
【小题20】A上下文连串。根据文章最后一句话可知，这里指“餐馆”很忙碌，因为在这个特殊的日子里家人都不想让母亲做饭。
考点：考查文化类短文
科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：完型填空
I used to hate myself because I wasn’t “normal”. Everyone else could play on the monkey bars and ride on a bicycle, but not 36 . I had a severe spinal cord disorder(脊髓病) and I knew I would always be much 37 than others.
I hated going to school and I hated 38 at me. I hated seeing others smiling broadly and standing 39 and tall. And most of all, I hated looking in the 40 and seeing an ugly and hunchback(驼背).
My friends found me 41 because I didn’t let other get close to me. I thought I was going to go on like this for the rest of my life 42 Angela appeared.
That afternoon, I was sitting by myself in a corner of the school—a spot where no one would
43 me. That’s when I first heard your voice.
“Hi. Can I sit down?”
I raised my head and there she was, with an irresistible smile on her round face.
“What are you looking at?” you asked.
“Ants.”
“What are they doing?”
“No 44 .”
“I bet they’re playing games and make friends. Don’t you think so?”
That was how our 45 started and it didn’t stop. We talked about everything under the sun—the ants, the clouds, my little niche(处境)—until it was sunset.
Then suddenly, you saw my 46 . She just stared.
My heart 47 . What I feared most had happened and I knew for sure she would 48 me now.
She stood up, pointed at my back and said, “I know 49 your back is hunched.”
I closed my eyes like a criminal waiting to be 50 . I begged in my heart for her to 51 , but you just kept on going. “I know what you’ve got in there. Do you?”
“No,” I answered 52 .
She bent and whispered in my ears.
“Your back is bunched because you’ve got a pair of wings from the angels.”
I was 53 . I looked into your eyes and her 54 touched my heart. From that day on, I started to learn to 55 myself because I have the wings of an angel and a kind – hearted friend.
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：完型填空
Culture can affect not just language and customs, but also how people experience the world on surprisingly basic levels.
Researchers, with the help of brain scans, have ______ shocking differences in perception between Westerners and Asians, what they see when they look at a city street, for example, or even how they are _____ of a simple line in a square, according to findings published in a(n) _____ science journal.
In Western countries, culture makes people think of themselves as highly ______ entities. When looking at scenes, Westerners tend to focus more on central objects than on their surroundings. East Asian cultures, however, ________ inter-dependence, When Easterners look at a scene, they tend to focus on the surroundings as well as the object.
Using an experiment ________ two tasks, Dr. Hedden asked subjects to look at a line simply to estimate its length, a task that played to American’s _______. In another, they estimated the line’s length relative to the size of a square, an easier task for the Asian.
The level of brain activity, by ______ blood flow, was then measured by Brain Scanners. The experiment found that although there was no difference in performance, and the tasks were very easy, the levels of activity in the subjects’ brain were ______. For the Americans, areas ______ to attention were more favorable to them, when they worked on the task they tended to find more difficult --- estimating the line’s size relative to the square. The findings are a ______ of more than ten years of previous experimental research into East-West differences.
In one study, for instance researchers ______ people a choice among five pens; four red and one green. Easterners were more likely to choose a red pen, and Westerners were more likely to choose the green one.
Culture does not only make a(n) ______ on how you see the world, but how you choose to understand and internalize it. But such habits can be changed. Some psychological studies suggest that when an Easterner goes to the West or vice versa, habits of thought and perception also begin to change. Such research gives us ______ to how our brain works and holds new promises for us to develop programs to improve our memory techniques and __________ our learning skills.
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：完型填空
Body language is the quiet，secret and most powerful language of all！It speaks ____ than words.According to specialists，our bodies send out more ____ than we realize.In fact，nonverbal communication (非言语交际) takes up about 50% of what we really ____.And body language is particularly ____ when we attempt to communicate across cultures (文化)．Indeed，what is called body language is so ____ a part of us that it’s actually often unnoticed.And misunderstandings occur as a result of it.___，different societies treat the ___ between people differently.Northern Europeans usually do not like having ____ contact (接触) even with friends，and certainly not with ____.People from Latin American countries，____，touch each other quite a lot.Therefore，it’s possible that in ____，it may look like a Latino is ____ a Norwegian all over the room.The Latino，trying to express friendship，will keep moving ____.The Norwegian，very probably seeing this as pushiness，will keep ____—which the Latino will in return regard as ___.
Clearly，a great deal is going on when people ____.And only a part of it is in the words themselves.And when parties are from ____ cultures，there’s a strong possibility of ____.But whatever the situation，the best ____ is to obey the Golden Rule：treat others as you would like to be ____. (2012·新课标全国)
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：完型填空
The cultures of the East and the West really distinguish each other a lot. This is because the culture systems are two ______ systems on the whole.
The ______ of the eastern cultures is mainly from two countries: China and India. Both of the two cultures are gestated（孕育） by rivers. In China, the mother river is the Yellow River _____ the Indian one is the Hindu River. These two cultures were developed for several thousand years and formed their own _____. Then in Dang Dynasty of China, the Chinese culture _____ went overseas to Japan, _____ into the Japanese society and shaped the Japanese culture nowadays. Though a bit different from the Chinese one, it belongs to the same ______.
When the two mother rivers gave birth to the eastern culture, another famous culture was ______ on the Mesopotamian Plain ---- the Mesopotamian Civilization. This civilization later on developed into the cultures of the Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. And these two are well-known ______ the base of the European culture. Like the Chinese culture, the European one also ______ waters. When the colonists of England _____ in America, their culture went with them over the Atlantic Ocean. So the American culture doesn't _______ from the European one a lot.
At the same time, the difference of the language systems _______ the cultural differences. In the East, most languages belong to the pictographic language (see the picture below) while the Western languages are mostly based on the Latin system, for example, the one I’m using to write this paper.
Other factors like human race difference counts as well. But what’s more, ______ the far distance and the steep areas between the East and West, the two cultures seldom communicate until recent centuries. So they grew up totally in their own ways with almost no ______ from the other.
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：完型填空
Historically, the term “fair trade” has meant many things. The Fair Trade League was 36 in Britain in 1881 to restrict 37 from foreign countries. In the United States, businesses and labor unions 38 “fair trade” laws to construct构建what economist Joseph Stiglitz calls “barriers to imports.” These so called “anti-dumping(反倾销)” laws allow a company that 39 a foreign one of selling a product below cost to request that the government charge收费special taxes to protect it from “unfair” 40 .
Such dark protectionist thoughts are far from the 41 of the organizers of the United Kingdom’s annual “Fairtrade Fortnight”. Their 42 aim is to raise the price paid to developing-country farmers for their 43 by cutting out the inflated profits虚抬利润of the middlemen on whom they 44 for getting their goods to distant markets. Fair-trade products 45 cocoa, coffee, tea, and bananas do not compete with domestic European production, and 46 do not have a protectionist motive(动机).
This is how it works: In 47 for being paid a guaranteed price and meeting “agreed labor and environmental standards” (minimum wages, no farm chemicals ), poor-country farming cooperatives(合作社) receive a FAIRTRADE mark for their products, given 48 by the FAIRTRADE Labeling Organization. This mark 49 supermarkets and other businesses to sell the products at a higher than 50 price . Third-world farmers get their income increased, 51 first-world consumers get to feel virtuous: a marriage made in heaven.
The fair-trade movement, 52 in the 1980’s, has been growing rapidly. In a significant breakthrough in 1997, the British House of Commons 53 to serve only fair-trade coffee. By the end of 2007, more than 600 producers’ organizations, 54 1.4 million farmers in 58 countries, were selling fair-trade products. Today, a quarter of all bananas in UK supermarkets are sold under a FAIRTRADE mark. But FAIRTRADE-labeled products still represent a very 55 share—typically less than 1%—of global sales of cocoa, tea, coffee, etc.
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：完型填空
Yesterday afternoon John and I were walking along the road when we heard someone shout. “ _!” He called out several more times __we could find him. He was in the lake, and there was a small boat nearby. At we knew he had fallen from the boat and couldn’t swim ___enough to reach it or to get to shore. As we ran toward the lake I saw him _ , and I was sure that he had drowned. But after a moment his head again.
Quickly John took off his shoes, into the water, and started swimming toward the man. He reached him just as the man was down again. He was enough to stretch out his hand and try to catch of the man’s clothing or his hair before he sank. But the man out his arms, caught John the neck and began to him down under the water. John fought to his head above the water, and at the same time
to swim toward the boat, pulling the man with him.
I also jumped into the water to help, the boat with one hand and swimming with the . The man looked dead, with his heart weakly. We did what we _ to save him. At last we succeeded.
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：完型填空
In the United States there was an unusual story telling of the daughter of an engineer. One day walking along the bank of a lake, the girl happened to see 20 eggs laid by a wild goose(鹅). After some time the girl the mother would not return to the eggs and she to take them home. There she carefully the eggs in the heat of a lamp. Several days , the eggs broke and the baby geese came into the .
Geese are known to take the first living thing theysee as their mother. Thus, to these geese, the girl was their mother.
As they grew, the girl was able to her birds to run across the grass, but she could not teach them to . The litter girl became increasingly worried about this, both when and in her dreams. Suddenly, she thought a clever idea: she would fly a plane to guide them in . She asked her father for a plane and he made a small one for her. Caring about safety, the father flew the plane himself. However, the birds didn’t him. They all slept in the grass .
The girl was so worried about it that one day the girl into the plane and started it. Soon the plane left the . Seeing their mother in the air, the birds expanded their wings and . She flew the plane freely in the sky, with her young birds following.
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：完型填空
Dale Carnegie rose from the unknown of a Missouri farm to international fame because he found a way to fill a universal human need.
It was a need that he first back in 1906 when young Dale was a junior at State Teachers College in Warrensburg. To get an , he was struggling against many difficulties. His family was poor. His Dad couldn’t afford the at college, so Dale had to ride horseback 12 miles to attend classes. Study had to be done his farm-work routines. He withdrew from many school activities he didn’t have the time or the . He had only one good suit. He tried the football team, but the coach turned him down for being too . During this period Dale was slowly an inferiority complex (自卑感), which his mother knew could him from achieving his real potential. She that Dale join the debating team, believing that in speaking could give him the confidence and recognition that he needed.
Dale took his mother’s advice, tried desperately and after several attempts made it. This proved to be a point in his life. Speaking before groups did help him gain the he needed. By the time Dale was a senior, he had won every top honor in . Now other students were coming to him for coaching and they, , were winning contests.
Out of this early struggle to his feelings of inferiority, Dale came to understand that the ability to an idea to an audience builds a person’s confidence. And, it, Dale knew he could do anything he wanted to do—and so could others.
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