16．Don't run less hard．Don't run less often．Don't run less distance．And don't be persuaded by underpowered medical studies-a habit that really could harm your health．
I say this in response to a recent study suggesting that too much strenuous jogging shortens your life．The conclusions，published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology，have received wide attention this week．
In fact，the main thing the study shows is that small samples produce unreliable estimates that cannot be reliably discerned（识别） from the effects of chance．And the main thing the reaction shows is that perhaps we are all a bit too quick to believe medical studies that tell us what we want to hear．
Let's start by taking a closer look at what the study actually says．The researchers asked Danish runners about the speed，frequency and duration（持续） of their workouts，categorizing 878of them as light，moderate or strenuous joggers．Ten years later，the researchers checked government records to see how many of them had died．
Happily，only 17had．While this was good news for the surviving runners，it was bad news for the researchers，because 17was clearly too few deaths to figure out whether the risk of death was related to running intensity（强度）．
However，the study claimed that too much jogging was associated with a higher death rate．At a literal level，the death rate was highest among those who ran the most and at the highest intensity．But the evidentiary basis for this claim is weak．It is based on 40people who were categorized as"strenuous joggers"-among whom only two died．
Needless to say，these two deaths do not add up to a statistically significant finding．Moreover，the researchers do not even report whether those two deaths were from causes that could plausibly be related to running．
The death rate among moderate joggers was also higher than that for light joggers，but given that there were fewer than 10deaths among either category，this difference could not be reliably discerned from the effects of chance．
To get a sense of what we are learning，let me recommend a careful review of the literature，written by Mr．Hutchinson，a physicist-turned-writer．
His conclusion："Running an hour a day is certainly no less healthy，and probably a bit healthier，than running less．"Armed with that more accurate assessment of the science，I hope to see you on the running trails．
71．The recent study about running shows thatB．
A．running is of great help to your health
B．running could do damage to your health
C．running enables you to live longer
D．running is neither good nor bad
72．The purpose of the recent study is toB．
A．report the number of deaths among 878Danish runners
B．find out whether the risk of death was linked with running intensity
C．compare the death rate between light and moderate joggers
D．prove that too much jogging could shorten your life
73．It can be inferred from the public reaction thatC．
A．only a small number of people paid attention to the recent study
B．people were glad that only 17people died among the runners
C．people tend to believe in some medical studies blindly
D．it takes a long while for people to accept the findings of some medical studies
74．All of the following were taken into consideration when the 878Danish runners were divided exceptD．
A．how often they run
B．how long their running lasts
C．how fast they run
D．how far they run
75．Which of the following will the writer most probably agree with？C
A．We should pay little attention to medical studies．
B．There's no point in developing the habit of running．
C．We should be cautious about what medical studies tell us．
D．Running will become popular in the near future．
分析 本文介绍了一项最近的医学研究，并告诫人们对医学研究要谨慎对待，不能盲目地相信．
解答 71-75 BBCDC
71．B 考查推理判断．根据第一段"And don't be persuaded by underpowered medical studies-a habit that really could harm your health．"可知，近期的研究表明跑步有害健康，故选B．
72．B 考查推理判断．根据文章第五段"…17 was clearly too few deaths to figure out whether the risk of death was related to running intensity（强度）．"可知，研究的目的是找出死亡是否与跑步的强度有关，故选B．
73．C 考查推理判断．根据文章第三段"And the main thing the reaction shows is that perhaps we are all a bit too quick to believe medical studies that tell us what we want to hear．"可知，人们太盲目听信医学研究了，故选C．
74．D 考查细节信息．根据文章第四段"The researchers asked Danish runners about the speed，frequency and duration（持续） of their workouts，categorizing 878 of them as light，moderate or strenuous joggers"可知，研究者考虑运动员的跑步速度，跑步频率，运动训练的持续时间，并把878个运动员分为轻度、中度、和剧烈运动员三种类别，并没有考虑跑步距离，故选D．
75．C 考查推理判断．根据文章最后一段"Armed with that more accurate assessment of the science，I hope to see you on the running trails"可知，我们要谨慎对待医学研究，故选C．
点评 做阅读时经常犯错的主要原因是，仅凭读过文章后残留在脑海中的一丝印象来勾选答案，这样便很容易掉入出题人故意设布下的题目陷阱．所谓阅读理解，对于题目的理解一定要忠实于原文，因此，每一道题都应该与原文作全面的对比与核查，再得出答案．也就是说，阅读理解的每一道题目，在原文都应该有明确的出处，我们把这一出处叫做原文相关句，（1）排除与原文相关句主题不一致的选项（2）排除与原文相关句态度相反的选项 （3）排除用于过于极端或负面的选项（4）注意结合文章主旨和主题去排除．
