One way of preventing floods may be by making rain. This may sound rather strange. As we know, heavy rain is the cause of floods, and in Malaysia most of the floods are caused by the annual monsoon(季风), which brings heavy rain to the east coast. If, however, the rain could be made to fall in the China Sea, there would be no more follds since the rain clouds would not reach the east coast.
Is it possible to make clouds give up their rain? Yes, it is, and in 1973 the National Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (NISIR) suggested that it would be tried. The institute knew of course that it was not possible to make all clouds give up all their rain. It calculated (估计，计算), however, that if the frequency （频率） of rainfall could be reduced by 10%, and the amount of rain that fell each time could be reduced by 15%, the total amount of flood damage would be reduced by 40%--50%.
As you probably know, clouds are caused by air containing water-vapor. The air rises and, since water-vapor becomes water when it cools, very tiny drops of water are formed. Since these drops are very small, they float in the air, and form a cloud. When the cloud rises, however, the drops become colder. Because of this, they join together and become big drops. The big drops are no longer able to float because of their weight, and they fall. As they fall, they pick up more drops and become bigger. This is the cause of rain.
1. According to the passage, one way of preventing flood is ____________.
A. to bring heavy rain
B. to make the rain clouds
C. to cause monsoon in the sea
D. to make the rain fall in the sea before it reaches the coast
2. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. In Malaysia, the monsoon often results in floods.
B. It is likely to cause all clouds to give up all their rain.
C. The frequency of rainfall could be cut down, and so could the amount of rainfall.
D.If people found ways of reducing the amount of rainfall, there would be less flood damage.
3. What does “it” of “since water-vapor becomes water when it cools” (in Para.3) refer to?
A. Cloud B. Water C. Water-vapor D. Air
4. The third paragraph is about ___________.
A. how clouds cause rain B. how rain is formed
C. how clouds rise the air D. why water-vapor can float in the air
5. It can be inferred from this passage that ___________.
A. the higher the air rises, the higher the temperature is
B. the clouds rise, and the water drops become smaller
C. the higher the air rises, the lower the temperature gets
D. the rain is caused by water-vapor
科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
In the atmosphere , carbon dioxide acts rather like a one-way mirror or the glass in the roof of a greenhouse which allows the sun’s rays to enter but prevents the heat from escaping.
According to a weather expert’s prediction, the atmosphere will be 3 ℃ warmer in the year 2050 than it is today, if man continues to burn fuels at the present rate. If this warming up took place, the ice caps in the poles would begin to melt, thus raising sea level several meters and severely flooding coastal cities. Also, the increase in atmospheric temperature would lead to great changes in the climate of the northern hemisphere(半球), possibly resulting in an alteration of the earth’s chief food growing zones.
In the past, concern about a man-made warming of the earth has concentrated on the Arctic because the Antarctic is much colder and has a much thicker ice sheet. But the weather experts are now paying more attention to West Antarctic, which may be affected by only a few degrees of warming, in other words, by a warming on the scale that will possibly take place in the next fifty years from the burning of fuels.
Satellite pictures show that large areas of Antarctic ice are already disappearing. The evidence available suggests that a warming has taken place. This fits the theory that carbon dioxide warms the earth
However, most of the fuel is burnt in the northern hemisphere, where temperatures seem to be falling. Scientists conclude, therefore, that up to now natural influences on the weather have gone beyond those caused by man. The question is: Which natural cause has most effect on the weather?
One possibility is the variable behavior of the sun. Astronomers at one research station have studied the hot sports and ‘cold” spots( that is, the relatively less hot spots) on the sun. As the sun rotates(使旋转), every 27.5 days, it presents hotter or colder faces to the earth, and different aspects to different parts of the earth. This seems to have a considerable effect on the distribution of the earth’s atmospheric pressure, and consequently on wind circulation. The sun is also changeable over a long term: its heat output goes up and down in cycles, the latest trend being downward.
Scientists are now finding shared relations between models of solar weather interactions and the actual climate over many thousands of years, including the last Ice Age. The problem is that the models are predicting that the world should be entering a new Ice Age and it is hot. One way of solving this theoretical difficulty is to assume a delay of thousands of years while the solar effects overcome the inertia(惯性) of the earth’s climate. If this is right, the warming effect of carbon dioxide might thus be serving as a useful opposed balance to the sun’s fading heat.
It can be concluded that concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere would ____.
A. mean a warming-up in the Arctic.
B. raise the temperature of the earth’s surface.
C. prevent the sun’s rays from reaching the earth’ s surface.
D. explain the cause of great changes in the climate in the northern hemisphere.
The article was written to explain____.
A. the greenhouse effect. B. the solar effects on the earth.
C. the causes affecting weather. D. the models of solar weather of solar weather interactions.
Although the fuel consumption is greater in the northern hemisphere, temperature there seems to be falling. This is ____.
A. mainly because the levels of carbon dioxide are rising
B. partly due to changes in the output of solar energy
C. possibly because the ice caps in the poles are melting
D. only due to the effect of the inertia of the earth’s climate
On the basis of their models, scientists are of the opinion that .
A. the climate of the world should be becoming cooler
B. the new Ice Age will be delayed by the greenhouse effect
C. the man-made warning effect helps to increase the solar effects
D. it will take thousands of years for the interia of the earth’s climate to take effect.
If the assumption about the delay of a new Ice Age is correct, ___.
A. ice would soon cover the northern hemisphere.
B. the greenhouse effect could work in favor of the earth.
C. the best way to overcome the cooling effect would be to burn more fuels.
D. the increased levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere could warm up the earth even more quickly.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2012届浙江省慈溪市高三上学期期中考试英语卷 题型：完型填空
We should show respect to everybody, especially our elders because they are ahead of us — in age, in wisdom and maturity, in experience and education．Our 21 have done a lot for us, directly or indirectly and most of us 22 everything to their kindness and love．
When we 23 them respect, whether it is by bowing to them, or 24 them with a smile, or offering them any help they need, it is one way of 25 our own love and gratitude to them． 26, elders have also been through all the years you are 27 and know a little more about the world than you do．
It is 28 that you do not agree with the belief of your elders, but this is nothing new．All younger generations have always 29 with their elders and it is these differences that bring changes in human 30 ．However much you disagree with them, give them credit for their 31．
With changing times and 32 influences, youngsters no longer know what is interpreted as disrespect to elders．Youngsters should 33 express their views and if there are arguments, they should not 34 their voices．
If there is no space on sofas or chairs, children will immediately 35 their places, and sit on the carpet．In buses and trains, youngsters are 36 to give up their places to older people．This is not a 37 of who has more rights．It is simply that those who are younger have the strength to bear 38_, or tolerate unpleasantness, so it is natural to show consideration to those who are older and perhaps at a 39 disadvantage．
When you do simple things as a mark of respect, elders become 40 that youngsters care for them, and they respond with affection and kindness．
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科目：高中英语 来源：2014届江西景德镇高二下期期末质量检测英语卷（解析版） 题型：完型填空
There is a virtue (美德)in China－Respecting the 36 and care for the young”. About the above two aspects, we will discuss the former one in this passage.
Why should we 37 the old? because they are ahead of us in age, in wisdom and in experience. Our elders have done a lot for us, directly or indirectly and most of us 38 everything to their kindness and love.
When we show them respect, whether it is by bowing to them, or 39 them with a smile, or offering them any help they need, it is one way of 40 our own love and gratitude to them. 41 , elders have also been through all the years you are 42 and know a little more about the world than you do.
It is 43 that you do not agree with the belief of your elders, but this is nothing new. All younger generations have always 44 with their elders and it is these differences that bring changes in human 45 . However much you disagree with them, give them credit for their 46 .
With changing times and 47 influences, youngsters no longer know what is interpreted as disrespect to elders. Youngsters should 48 express their views and if there are arguments, they should not 49 their voices.
If there is no space on sofas or chairs, children will immediately 50 their places, and sit on the carpet. In buses and trains, youngsters are 51 to give up their places to older people. This is not a 52 of who has more rights. It is simply that those who are younger have the strength to bear 53 , or tolerate unpleasantness, so it is natural to show consideration to those who are older and perhaps at a 54 disadvantage.
When you do simple things as a mark of respect, elders become 55 that youngsters care for them, and they respond with affection and kindness.
1. A．grandpas B．friends C．fathers D．old
2. A．look forward B．contribute C．loved D．respect
3. A．exhibit B．owe C．explain D．point
4. A．accepting B．showing C．devoting D．greeting
5. A．describing B．expressing C．sending D．suggesting
6. A．Though B．Besides C．Therefore D．However
7. A．going through B．experiencing with C．suffering from D．worrying out
8. A．possibly B．maybe C．likely D．probably
9. A．disagreed B．quarreled C．liked D．dealt
10. A．society B．company C．community D．school
11. A．fact B．experience C．emotion D．information
12. A．environmental B．especially C．cultural D．good
13. A．indifferently B．quickly C．silently D．quietly
14. A．raise B．rise C．rouse D．arise
15. A．give in B．get out C．send out D．give up
16. A．forced B．expected C．needed D．reminded
17. A．question B．doubt C．wonder D．challenge
18. A．suffering B．discomfort C．trouble D．upset
19. A．slight B．light C．heavy D．serious
20. A．wander B．living C．aware D．sensitive
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科目：高中英语 来源：2013届安徽省高三第三次月考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：其他题
I used to be the messiest person alive．Over the years, through watching others and by trial and error, I have finally found ways to come up with plans, organize them and follow through with them．
Make an outline of everything you need to have and do to make your plan happen．Make a list of all of the steps that need to be accomplished and think about what needs to be done．
Detail everything thoroughly and read over it so you can start coming up with some mental solutions of how to carry out your plans．
You should ensure that if for some reason way one doesn’t work, you have way two and way three to lean back on．Therefore, different ways are needed at hand．It’s just a matter of being organized．Chances are that there is always more than one way of doing things, and chances are that if one of those ways doesn’t work, one of the other ones will．
Committing yourself to finishing at least part if not all of your plan at once is also necessary．It will show that you not only have initiative to get things rolling, but that you are interested in the results obtained with making the move to get everything done．
If you make a commitment to finish before a specific time, make sure that you carry that out, and be sure to do everything in the way you said you would, within the time-frame you set for yourself．
Don’t try to tackle （处理）more things all at a time．All that does is delay your progress, distract you and make you lose your interest, motivation and energy．
Carrying out an effective plan requires being as organized as possible．You will only achieve this by sticking to the order of the plan and not deviating or trying to do more at a time．
Last but not the least, you should never abandon things mid-project．It will only annoy everyone around you including yourself．Unfinished plans are a waste of time, energy and, in some cases, even money．
So, don’t be afraid of organization．The older we get, the more necessary it becomes to have the skills to follow through with confidence and to be able to carry through plans in an organized and manageable way．It pays to be organized, after all．
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Title: Tips on how to be （1）_____ in your life |
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Tips |
Details |
（2）_____ |
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（3） _____ down your plan |
◆List everything you need ◆List （4） _____ you will follow |
To make your plan happen |
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Prepare three （5） _____ ways to carry out your plan |
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To （6） _____ that you can have some other choices when one way doesn’t work |
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（7） _____ to finish at least part of your plan if not all |
Do everything （8） _____ your own time-frame |
To show yourself you are determined to get things started and caring about the results |
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Do one thing at once |
Stick to the order of your plan |
To save your interest, motivation and energy |
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Finish what you have started |
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To get your plan （9） _____out thoroughly． |
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（10） _____ |
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You shouldn’t be afraid of organization because it’s really worthwhile． |
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科目：高中英语 来源：2011-2012学年甘肃天水一中甘谷一中高三第八次联考检测英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Memory is the ability to keep track of things that have happened in the past. Memory really is learning. One needs memory to ride a bicycle. A dog needs to remember if it is to come when called.
Memory is said to be stored in the brain as a “memory trace（记忆痕）.” What makes up this trace is not known. Some scientists believe that certain chemical substances may carry certain memories. For example, one substance, when given to rats, causes them to fear the dark.
Other research into memory has to do with how the brain works. Psychologists use three means to find out how a person remembers. For example, give a person a grocery list. Let the person memorize the list, then put it away. The most natural way to find out how much a person remembers of the grocery list is to ask what he or she remembers. This is called the method of recall. Another method is called recognition. Give the person another grocery list. Ask him or her to choose items on the first list from the items that are on only the second list. Often a person will be able to recognize things that he or she cannot recall. A third method of finding how much a person remembers is called relearning. Here the person is asked to read over the first list. The person will probably learn the list the second time faster than he did the first time. The difference in the time it takes to relearn the list is thought of as a measure of how much a person has remembered.
One way of remembering something is to repeat it many times. Interest is very important. Boring lists of facts are much more difficult to remember than something that we understand and are interested in. Motivation, or wanting to do something, is also important. Motivation is linked with reward. For example, a hungry animal quickly learns how to do something if that action gets the animal food. In humans, wanting to learn is often motivation. The praise of a teacher or the knowledge that an answer is correct is rewarding.
1.We can learn from the 2nd paragraph that ___________ .
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A．bad memories may cause rats to fear the dark |
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B．it is hard to tell what a memory trace consists of |
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C．chemical substances carry certain memories |
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D．memory is stored in the brain as a substance |
2.The way to pick out the items on the first list from the second is known as ________ .
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A．recognition |
B．recall |
C．memorization |
D．relearning |
3.What is considered as a measure of how much one has remembered?
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A．The length of the list. |
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B．The type of list items. |
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C．The time difference of relearning. |
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D．The time difference of brain working. |
4.A good way to train an animal to do something quickly is to ________.
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A．make the action easy |
B．praise it in words |
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C．reward it with food |
D．weaken its motivation |
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