Question

【题目】 When it comes to making healthy lifestyle changes, which should come first — changing your diet or becoming more physically active?

Previous studies suggested that providing people with too much information about nutrition and physical activity at once tends to be discouraging. That has led to the popularity of advising people to make changes gradually, and set smaller goals.

So the scientists divided 200 inactive participants who were age 45 or older into four groups. One group was instructed about making diet and fitness changes at the same time, the second group was taught about diet changes first, then fitness changes four months later, the third group changed their exercise habits first and made changes in their eating habits four months later, and the final, control group was not instructed about either diet or fitness changes but about how to manage their stress.

The researchers tracked the groups for a full year. Compared to the control group, the three intervention (干预) groups made healthy changes in their diet. Those who changed their fitness habits first significantly increased the amount of exercise they received daily compared to the other groups after four months. However, at the end of the year, the group that changed both diet and exercise at the same time was the only one that met the nationally recommended targets for both exercise and nutrition levels, while those who worked on improving their nutrition first were unable to meet the recommended levels of fitness after a year. The researchers suspect that changes to diet are easier to make than changes to physical activity.

The findings show, however, that pairing diet and exercise changes may help to overcome some of the barriers people face in adding more physical activity into their lives. If folks change diet and exercise orderly, the scientists say, they may end up placing more importance on the first set of behavior changes and feel less pressured to address the second set.

【1】The advice mentioned in the second paragraph seemed .

A.popularB.dangerousC.scientificD.unsatisfactory

【2】Which group made progress earlier than other groups in increasing the amount of daily exercise?

A.The first group.B.The second group.

C.The third group.D.The control group.

【3】The reason why those improving their nutrition first failed to meet the levels of fitness after a year might be that .

A.they might be very lazy

B.they wouldn’t like to change their behavior

C.it is much harder to change physical activity

D.they might put on weight before changing their physical activity

【4】Which of the following does the author probably approve of?

A.Pairing diet and exercise changes.

B.Becoming more physically active first.

C.Changing diet and exercise following a fixed order.

D.Changing diet first and placing more importance on it.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】C

【3】C

【4】A

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文。要想健康生活，是先节食还是先运动呢？研究发现，两者同时进行好。

【1】细节理解题。由第二段Previous studies suggested that providing people with too much information about nutrition and physical activity at once tends to be discouraging. That has led to the popularity of advising people to make changes gradually, and set smaller goals.可知，以前的研究表明，同时向人们提供太多关于营养和体育活动的信息往往会令人沮丧。这导致了建议人们逐渐做出改变，设定小目标的流行。由此可知，这些建议都有弊端，所以不能令人满意。故选D。

【2】推理判断题。由第四段中的Those that changed their fitness habits first significantly increased the amount of exercise they received daily compared to the other groups after four months.可知，与其他组相比，那些改变了健身习惯的人首先在四个月后每天的运动量明显增加。由此可知，这部分人在运动方面最先取得进步。这部分人对应的是第三组（见第三段the third group changed their exercise habits first and made changes in their eating habits four months later）。故选C。

【3】推理判断题。由第四段中的The researchers suspect that changes to diet are easier to make than changes to physical activity.可知，研究人员怀疑改变饮食比改变身体活动更容易。由此推知，一开始先进行节食训练的小组一年后在运动方面还不达标，可能的原因是，运动比节食改变起来更费劲。其他选项妄加揣测。故选C。

【4】细节理解题。由末段首句的pairing diet and exercise changes may help to overcome some of the barriers people face in adding more physical activity into their lives可知，将饮食和锻炼相结合可能有助于克服人们在生活中增加体育活动时所面临的一些障碍。由此可知，作者可能赞成饮食和锻炼的搭配改变。故选A。