Question

【题目】阅读理解
Everybody sleeps, but what people stay up late to catch or wake up early in order not to miss varies by culture？
From data collected, it seems the things that cause us to lose the most sleep, on average, are sporting events, time changes, and holidays.
Around the world, people changed sleep patterns thanks to the start or end of daylight savings time. Russians, for example, began to wake up about a half-hour later each day after President Vladimir Putin shifted the country permanently to "winter time" starting on October 26.
Russia's other late nights and early mornings generally correspond to public holidays. On New Year's Eve, Russians have the world's latest bedtime, hitting the hay at around 3:30 a. m.
Russians also get up an hour later on International Women's Day, the day for treating and celebrating female relatives.
Similarly, Americans' late nights, late mornings, and longest sleeps fall on three-day weekends.
Canada got the least sleep of the year the night it beat Sweden in the Olympic hockey (冰球) final.
The World Cup is also chiefly responsible for sleep deprivation. The worst night for sleep in the U. K. was the night of the England-Italy match on June 14. Brits stayed up a half-hour later to watch it, and then they woke up earlier than usual the next morning. Thanks to summer nights, the phenomenon in which the sun barely sets in northern countries in the summertime. That was nothing, though, compared to Germans, Italians, and the French, who stayed up around an hour and a half later on various days throughout the summer to watch the Cup.
It should be made clear that not everyone has a device to record their sleep patterns; in some of these nations, it's likely that only the richest people do. And people who elect to track their sleep may try to get more sleep than the average person. Even if that's the case, though, the above findings are still striking. If the most health-conscious among us have such deep swings in our shut-eye levels throughout the year, how much sleep are the rest of us losing?
（1）What do we learn about the Russians regarding sleep?
A.They don't fall asleep until very late.
B.They don't sleep much on weekends.
C.They sleep longer than people elsewhere.
D.They get less sleep on public holidays.
（2）The underlined word “deprivation” in the last paragraph but one means .
A.depression
B.loss
C.observation
D.trouble
（3）What is the most probable reason for some rich people to use a device to record their sleep patterns?
A.They have trouble falling asleep.
B.They are involved in a sleep research.
C.They want to get sufficient sleep.
D.They want to go to bed on regular hours.
（4）What does the author imply in the last paragraph?
A.Sleeplessness does harm to people's health.
B.It is important to study our sleep patterns.
C.Few people really know the importance of sleep.
D.Average people probably sleep.

Answer 1

【答案】
（1）D
（2）B
（3）C
（4）C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，作者通过举例说明，人们的睡眠习惯是与文化有关的。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“.Russia's other late nights and early mornings generally correspond to public holidays. On New Year's Eve, Russians have the world's latest bedtime, hitting the hay at around 3:30 a. m.” 在公共假日，俄罗斯人通常熬夜和早起。除夕之夜，俄罗斯人有了世界上最新的就寝时间，大约凌晨3点30分睡觉。可知俄罗斯人在公共假期睡得非常少。故选D项。
（2）考查词义猜测。根据倒数第二段中的“The worst night for sleep in the U. K. was the night of the England-Italy match on June 14. Brits stayed up a half-hour later to watch it, and then they woke up earlier than usual the next morning”世界杯期间，英国人比平常晚睡半小时但比平常早起，可知由于世界杯赛时，很多人的睡眠少了，即世界杯是造成英国人睡眠不足的主要原因。可推知：此处deprivation和loss 关系。故选B。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第九段中的“…. not everyone has a device to record their sleep patterns; in some of these nations, it's likely that only the richest people do. And people who elect to track their sleep may try to get more sleep than the average person.”可知使用这种装置就是为了比一般人睡的多点。分析选项可知，故选C项。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Even if that's the case, though, the above findings are still striking. If the most health-conscious among us have such deep swings in our shut-eye levels throughout the year, how much sleep are the rest of us losing?” 尽管如此，上述发现仍然令人震惊。如果我们当中最有健康意识的人一年中的睡眠水平有如此剧烈的波动，那么我们其余的人会失去多少睡眠呢？从句意中可推断出很少有人意识到睡眠的重要性，故选C。