16.In this world,each country has its own cultural characteristics.In a society such as the United States or Canada,which has many national,religious and cultural differences,people highly value individualism--the differences among people.Teachers place a lot of importance on the qualities that make each student special.The educational systems in these countries show these values.Students do not memorize all possible basic knowledge.Instead,they work individually and find answers by themselves.There is often discussion in the classroom.At an early age,students learn to form their own ideas and opinions.
In most Asian societies,by contrast,the people have the same language,history and culture.Perhaps for this reason,the educational system in much of the orient reflects society's belief in group goals and purposes rather than individualism.Children in China,Japan and Korea often work together and help one another on assignments.
There are advantages and disadvantages of both systems of education.For example,one advantage of the system in Japan is that students there learn much more about math,physics,biology and chemistry than American students by the end of high school.They also study more hours each day and more days each year than North Americans do.The system is difficult,but it prepares students for a society that values discipline and self-control.There is,however,a disadvantage.Memorization is an important learning method in Japanese schools,yet many students say that after an exam,they forget much of the information that they have memorized.
The advantage of the educational system in North America,on the other hand,is that students learn to think for themselves.The system prepares them for a society that values creative ideas.There is,however,a disadvantage.When students graduate from school,they haven't memorized as many basic rules and facts as students in other countries have.
21.The reason why American teachers attach much importance to individualism is thatC.
A.they are required to do so
B.their students do not memorize information
C.the United States is a country of many cultures
D.their students work individually
22.Which of the following statements applies to Asian methods of education?C
A.Each child in a classroom draws a different picture.
B.Students have to find information themselves.
C.Students are prepared for a society that values discipline.
D.Teachers serve as a guide in discussion.
23.From the facts,we can infer thatA.
A.Asian students are more likely to do better in teamwork than American students
B.Chinese students are more hard-working in their studies than Mexican students
C.The Western educational system is much better than the Eastern educational system
D.The Eastern educational system is as difficult as the Western educational system.
分析 本文讨论的是东西方教育系统的不同之处.在西方人们强调高度尊重个人和人与人之间的差异.教师极其重视每个学生的不同特性,而在东方,由于相同的语言、历史和文化,其教育系统强调集体主义和团结协合精神,上课时教师讲,学生听,讨论并不多.文章最后谈到了两种教育系的优缺点.
解答 CCA
21.C 事实细节题.根据短文第一段In a society such as the United States or Canada,which has many national,religious and cultural differences,可知这是因为美国是一个有着不同文化夹杂的国家,故选C.
22.C 事实细节题.根据 Perhaps for this reason,the educational system in much of the orient reflects society's belief in group goals and purposes rather than individualism.可知在东方,社会更注重的是集体、遵守规矩的理念,故选C.
23.A 推理判断题.阅读前两段Children in China,Japan and Korea often work together and help one another on assignments以及 The advantage of the educational system in North America,on the other hand,is that students learn to think for themselves.可知,在西方教育体制下的孩子更倾向于自己独立思考,遵循自己的意见,而东方教育体质之下上课时教师讲,学生听,讨论并不多,孩子们更倾向于团队合作,故选A.
点评 做阅读时经常犯错的主要原因是,仅凭读过文章后残留在脑海中的一丝印象来勾选答案,这样便很容易掉入出题人故意设布下的题目陷阱.所谓阅读理解,对于题目的理解一定要忠实于原文,因此,每一道题都应该与原文作全面的对比与核查,再得出答案.也就是说,阅读理解的每一道题目,在原文都应该有明确的出处,我们把这一出处叫做原文相关句,(1)排除与原文相关句主题不一致的选项(2)排除与原文相关句态度相反的选项 (3)排除用于过于极端或负面的选项(4)注意结合文章主旨和主题去排除.