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4.Long after the 1998World Cup was won,disappointed fans were still cursing the disputed refereeing(裁判)decisions that denied victory to their team.A researcher was appointed to study the performance of some top referees.
The researcher organized an experimental tournament(锦标赛)involving four youth teams.Each match lasted an hour,divided into three periods of 20minutes during which different referees were in charge.
Observers noted down the referees'errors,of which there were 61over the tournament.Converted to a standard match of 90minutes,each referee made almost 23mistakes,a remarkably high number.
The researcher then studied the videotapes to analyze the matches in detail.Surprisingly,he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident.When the officials got it right,they were,on average,17meters away from the action.The average distance in the case of errors was 12meters.The research shows the optimum(最佳的)distance is about 20meters.
There also seemed to be an optimum speed.Correct decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed of about 2meters per second.The average speed for errors was 4meters per second.
If FIFA,football's international ruling body,wants to improve the standard of refereeing at the next World Cup,it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance,rather than rushing to keep up with the ball,the researcher argues.
He also says that FIFA's insistence that referees should retire at age 45may be misguided.If keeping up with the action is not so important,their physical condition is less critical.

51.The experiment conducted by the researcher was meant toB.
A.review the decisions of referees at the 1998World Cup
B.analyze the causes of errors made by football referees
C.set a standard for football refereeing
D.reexamine the rules for football refereeing
52.The number of refereeing errors in the experimental matches wasC.
A.slightly above average
B.higher than in the 1998World Cup
C.quite unexpected
D.as high as in a standard match
53.The findings of the experiment show thatA.
A.errors are more likely when a referee keeps close to the ball
B.the farther the referee is from the incident,the fewer the errors
C.the more slowly the referee runs,the more likely will errors occur
D.errors are less likely when a referee stays in one spot
54.The word"officials"(Line 3,Para.4)most probably refers toC.
A.the researchers involved in the experiment
B.the inspectors of the football tournament
C.the referees of the football tournament
D.the observers at the site of the experiment
55.What is one of the possible conclusions of the experiment?B
A.The ideal retirement age for an experienced football referee is 45.
B.Age should not be the chief consideration in choosing a football referee.
C.A football referee should be as young and energetic as possible.
D.An experienced football referee can do well even when in poor physical condition.

分析 本文介绍了一项针对世界杯中裁判的表现的具体研究,结果发现裁判越靠近事发地点越容易犯错,并介绍了一些其他的研究结果.

解答 51-55  BCACB
51.答案B.细节题.根据文章第一段最后一句A researcher was appointed to study the performance of some top referees.可知这项研究主要是为了分析裁判犯错的原因和裁判的表现.故B正确.
52.答案C.细节题.根据文章第二段3,4行Converted to a standard match of 90 minutes,each referee made almost 23 mistakes,a remarkably high number.可知裁判所犯的错误的数量大大超过了人们的预料.故C正确.
53.答案A.细节题.根据文章第二段5,6行Surprisingly,he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident可知当裁判离事发地点较近的时候,最容易犯错.故A正确.
54.答案C.推理题.根据本句Surprisingly,he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident.When the officials got it right,they were,on average,17 meters away from the action.可知这里的officials就是指上文的the referees,故C项内容正确.
55.答案B.推理题.根据文章最后一段He also says that FIFA's insistence that referees should retire at age 45 may be misguided.If keeping up with the action is not so important,their physical condition is less critical.可知作者认为年龄不应该成为限制.故B正确.

点评 新闻报道解题技巧:第一步"看标题信息",类似作文审题;而"揣摩记叙类型",则是指阅读的审题目标要比作文单一.即通过对题意的揣摩,要能辨出该文的记叙对象,是人物新闻还是事件新闻,是消息还是通迅. 第二步"抓记叙要素",这是由文体特点决定的.因为新闻的内容,无论哪种类型,一般都离不开人物、时间、地点和事情的起因、发展、结果这六个要素. 第三步"理行文线索",即领悟文章的脉络、顺序,目的是理清作者的行文思路,借此可准确地划分全文的段落层次.针对考纲当中C层级的分析综合"分析语言特色,把握文章结构,概括中心意思"的考点.第四步"辨叙述方式",即辨析文本主要采用的叙述方式,消息一般都是采用"倒金字塔"式(即先说结果,再说重要事实,最后说次要内容),这跟一般的记叙文不同.而通迅的叙述方式就比较灵活多变,有顺叙、倒叙,中间或许还会有插叙、补叙.

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